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THE

UCLA

COMPUTER SCIENCE

DEPART"TMENT

QUARTERLY

THE DEPARTMENT

AND ITS PEOPLE

FALL 1987/WINTER 1988

VOL. 16 NO. 1

SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND^ APPLIED^ SCIENCE

COMPUTER SCIENCE DEPARTMENT OFFICERS

Dr. Gerald Estrin, Chair Dr. Jack W. Carlyle, Vice Chair, Planning & Resources Dr. Sheila Greibach, Vice Chair, Graduate Affairs Dr. Lawrence McNamee, Vice Chair, Undergraduate Affairs Mrs. Arlene C. Weber, Management Services (^) Officer Room 3713 Boelter Hall

QUARTERLY STAFF

Dr. Sheila Greibach, Editor Ms. Marta Cervantes, Coordinator

Material in this publication may not be reproduced without written permission of the Computer Science Department.

Subscriptions to this publication are available at

$20.00/year (three issues) by contacting Ms. Brenda Ramsey,

UCLA Computer Science Department, 3713 Boelter Hall,

Los Angeles, CA 90024-1596.

Fall-Winfer CSD Quarterly

CONTENTS

COMPUTER SCIENCE AT UCLA AND COMPUTER SCIENCE IN

THE UNITED STATES

GeraldEstrin, Chair ...................................................................................................... I

THE UNIVERSITY CONTEXT .............................................................................................. 13

THE UCLA COMPUTER SCIENCE DEPARTMENT

The Faculty A rane nf;ntraract B

P

iographies .............................................................................................................................. 18 publications .............................................................................................................................. 33 Honors and awards .......................................................................................................... 40 The Students Biographies .............................................................................................................................. 41 Ph.D. Degrees Awarded In Calendar Year 1987 ........................................................... 57 Ph.D. Students In Advanced Stage ................................................................................. 58 M.S. Degrees Awarded In Calendar Year 1987 ............................................................. 62 M.S. Students In Advanced Stage ..................................................................................... 64 The Staff .......................................................................................................................................... 66 The Visitors ..................................................................................................................................... 67 The Supporters ............................................................................................................................... 68

DEPARTMENT ORGANIZATION

Committees .............................................................................................................................. 70 Administrative Assignments ........................................................................................... 71 Activities ................................................................................................................................... 73 Student Organizations ..................................................................................................... 76

ADMISSIONS DEADLINES, FACULTY POSITIONS

AND AFFIRM ATIVE ACTION ...................................................................................... 78

COMPUTER SCIENCE DEPARTMENT TECHNICAL REPORTS ............................... 80

TECHNICAL PAPERS

On Style, Expressability, and Efficiency in Functional Programming Languages GrabrielRobins ............................................................................................................... 106

COMPUTER SCIENCE AT UCLA AND COMPUTER SCIENCE IN THE UNITED STATES

Gerald Estrin, Chair

The Fall-Winter issue of the Computer Science Department Quarterly discusses the state of the Department and its people in the context (^) of the university, profession and the outside world.

Recently, the Computing Research Board sent me the 1986-87 Taulbee Survey Report on the Production and Employment of Ph.D.'s and Faculty in Computer Science and Engineering. Every year there is a survey of Ph.D. granting Computer Science Departments throughout the United States. It has been called the Taulbee Survey Report in honor of Orrin E. Taulbee of the University of Pittsburgh who dedicated himself to these surveys from 1970 to 1984. This year, through strenuous efforts by David Gries and Dorothy Marsh of the Cornell University Computer Science Department, the 1986-87 survey has become available in record time. That survey provides important context for our activities.

Immediately (^) below, we provide some metrics for the research environment in the UCLA Computer Science Department which were gathered in September 1987 for the National Science Foundation. The 1986-1987 Taulbee Survey Report by the Computing Research Board, reprinted with permission of the authors, follows the metrics.

DEPARTMENTAL DATA UNDERGRADUATE DATA

September 87 September 81

Number of FrE Faculty 35.25 number in Lower Division 98 Regular Faculty 31.25 Number in (^) Upper Division 174 Adjunct Faculty .63 alaning Graduate Study 31% Research & Post-doc Faculty 0 =anng Employment (^) 69% Instructors 3.37 Average Starting Salary $28,944. _Average Number of Offers 3 Number of Technical Support Staff 10.0 1 Programming & Systems 7.0 3RADUATE DATA Hardware & Electronics 3. Other (^0) umber of Part-Time M.S. Students 0 _umber of Full-Time M.S. Students 114 lumber Administrative Support Staff 25.0 umber of Part-Time Ph.D. Students 0 "ercentage Budget _umber of Full-Time Ph.D. Students 159 Instruction 31% •,verage Entering GRE Scores Internally Funded Research 3% Verbal 69. Externally Funded Research 66% Quantitative 95. Other 0% Advanced 84. __verage (^) Entering Undergraduate GPA 3. rotal Department Budget 12,022,000.00 Out of 4. Capitalization $ 8,049,938.00 Fatios rotal Space/Faculty Member Number Accepted/Number ApplyinS 175/ Office 242 sq.ft Number Enrolled/Number Accepted (^) 80/ Laboratory 293 sq.ft Numbers Holding: Research (^) Fellowships 14 Number External Grants & Contracts 110 RA's in Submitting Department 93 Current Year Total Research Budget RA's in Other Departments 0 Internal Funds $ 350,028.00 TA's in Submitting Departments 18 External Funds $ 4,119,74.00 TA's in Other Departments 5

One can draw some conclusions and make some predictions. (^) First, the growth of 13% in CS Ph.D. production, although less than the 20% increase of 1985-86, is encouraging. Because of the increase in Ph.D. qualifying exam passage, this growth is expected to continue, and we can expect 600 Ph.D.'s per year by 1991.

The field continues to be far too young and inexperienced, a problem that only time (^) can solve. CS continues to have more assistant professors than full professors, which puts an added burden on the older people. In fact, the ratios of assistant and associate professors to full professors has not changed appreciably in three years. No other field, as far as we know, has this problem - in fact, most scientific fields are 80 to 90 percent tenured in many universities. The CE departments have more full professors than assistant professors, mainly because many are older EE departments offering CE degrees.

The increase in Ph.D. production over last year is reportedly made up entirely of U.S. citizens, and the percentage of CS Ph.D.'s given to foreign students fell from 46 to 40. Whether this is a trend remains to be seen.

Last year, 118 Ph.D.-granting (^) CS departments were identified; this year, 123. The growth in the number of such departments is slowing down and, we (^) believe, will soon essentially halt. The Computing Research Board was able to identify 33 departments giving a Ph.D. in CE (but not in CS), and they were asked to participate in this survey. Whether there will be more growth in CE

departments is not known.

Some methodological comments

Questionnaires were sent to 123 CS Ph.D.-granting departments and 33 CE Ph.D.-granting departments in late October 1987. (The titles of the departments appear in Table 0).

With the help of 268 phone calls, all 123 CS departments and 22 of the 33 CE departments had

completed the questionnaire by 10 December 1987. Thus, the figures in this report are complete

for CS. We hope to have a better response from the CE departments in next year's survey. The

accuracy of this report depends, of course, on the accuracy with which the questionnaires were

Table 0. Titles of Departments Number of departments Title (^91) Computer Science(s) 17 Electrical and Computer Engineering

11 Computer and Information Science(s)

6 Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 6 Computer Science and Engineering (^2) Computer Engineering 2 Electrical Engineering 2 Information and Computer Science 1 Advanced Computer Studies 1 Applied Sciences 1 Computational (^) Science 1 Computer Science and Electrical Engineering 1 ComputerEngineering and Information Science 1 Computer Engineering and (^) Science 1 Computing Science 1 Mathematical Sciences (Instead of 'Department', the terms 'Center', 'Division', 'Program', and 'School' were each used at least once.)

filled out by the individual departments. The new electrical engineering departments giving a

Ph.D. in CE had a more difficult time completing the questionnaire, for they were asked to give

information only on the CE part of their departments, and the required information was difficult to

extracL

As with most surveys, a small part of the data in the survey was not filled in or obviously was

incorrectly entered. We took the liberty to adjust some figures and estimate a few others - for

example, in a few cases, with 142 or 143 out of 145 departments reporting a figure in a field, we

estimated that field for the others. Our goal was to make this report consistent, clear, and simple,

without modifying the overall results in any way.

In some places, we analyze the data for the higher ranked departments as compared to the lower

ranked and unranked ones, using for ranking the 1980 survey done under the auspices of the

National Research Council [0]. (VWe also included the two largest Canadian universities

somewhere within the top 20.) Survey [0] is now eight years old, and many changes have

occurred in CS since then (e.g. the emergence of over 60 Ph.D.-granting CS departments);

nevertheless, this breakdown still provides some useful comparisons.

From time to time within this report, in order to draw meaningful conclusions regarding growth of

the field (using older surveys), we compare figures for the CS departments only, keeping figures

for CE separate. Throughout this report, figures for 1984-85 are taken from [1], for 1985-86 from

[21, and for 1970-84 from [3]. The figures for 1970-84 may not be accurate because not all

departments completed questionnaires in those days. Finally, for comparisons with graduate study

in mathematics, figures are taken from [4].

Data on Students

Ph.D. production and its growth

The field of CS produced 466 Ph.D.'s in 1986-87, an increase of 54 (13%) over 1985-86 and an

increase of 236 (103%) over 1980. The figures on Ph.D. production for CS and CE, as well as for

qualifying-exam passage and sizes of incoming classes, are given in Table 1. In Table 1, in the

column headed 'No. of depts', the first number is the number of departments reporting and the

second the total number of known Ph.D.-granting departments.

CS produces more Ph.D.'s per department than math does at this point, although CS has 18. faculty per department (^) and math has 30.2. Further, let us consider only associate and full professors, as the producers of most of the Ph.D.'s. In CS, the average (^) CS associate and full professor produced 0.33 Ph.D.'s in 1986-87; the average math associate and full professor, 0.18.

As mentioned (^) earlier, CS Ph.D.-production increased 13% this year and 20% last year. Future growth is expected. Indeed, (^) the 123 departments project 707 Ph.D.'s in 1987-88 - a 52% increase! A more realistic estimate is another 13%, to 525. As some evidence for our estimate, (^) in the last survey the (^) departments optimistically predicted 652 Ph.D.'s, we predicted 480, and 466 were produced.

Table 1. Ph.D. Production and Its Growth

Year No. of Ph.D.'s average Qualifying average New Ph.D. average depts produced per dept exam passage per dept students per dept Cs 1980-81 230 CS 1984-85 103 (109) 326 3.2 755 8.21 1177 12 CS 1985-86 117 (118) 412 3.5 (^858) 7.30 1170 10 CS 1986-87 123 (123) (^466) 3.8 1008 8.19 1430 12 CS-CE 1986-87 145 (156) 559 3.9 1168 8.05 1621 11 Math 1986-87 259 (317) 845 3.3 (^) _ _ _

I

Table 4. Sex, Minority Status, and Citizenship of the Ph.D.'s since 1970 Year 81 82 Total 256 274 Female 28 26 Percent 10 Black 1 Percent 0 Hispanic Percent Foreign 82 79 Percent 36 33

83 84

27 31 29

83 86 87

34 34 32

184 27 23 45

33 23 26

70 71 72 73 74 84- 112 124 206 208 203 326 1 4 12 7 6 32 1 3 6 3 3 12 11 11 12 10 1 1 2 2 2 0 0 1 2 3 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 No information

Citizenship of the Ph.D.'s

The number of Ph.D.'s given to foreigners remained essentially the same (in CS, 184 last year and 181 this year). Hence, the increase in Ph.D. production was all in American and Canadian citizens, and the percentage of Ph.D.'s to foreigners dropped (^) from 46% to 40%. Figures for citizenship of the Ph.D.'s are given in Table 5. Table 4 contains the figures for foreigners from 1970 to 1987.

Employment of the Ph.D.'s

As shown in Table 6, in CS, 35% of the Ph.D.'s produced took positions in the U.S. or Canada

outside academia, 54% took faculty positions in the U.S. or Canada, 8% took positions in other

countries, and 8% were unknown. There is little change from last year, when the figures were 42%, 48%, and 9%.

Table 6. Employment of the (^) Ph.D.'s Number Self- Academia Indus- Govern- Outside Unknown of Ph.D.'s emp- Ph.D. notPh.D. notiCS try ment U.S. and loyed dept dept or CE Canada CS 466 4 177 41 14 151 8 34 37 CS-CE 559 4 194 44 19 183 18 39 58

21 39 41 46

17 19 20 23

75 76 77 78 79 85- 256 246 208 223 248 412 21 14 14 19 24 50 8 6 7 9 10 1 0 0 2 3 0 0 0 1 1 No information

68 57 68 51 65

80 86- 230 235 244 466

51

12

1 No information

181

40

Table S. Citizenship (^) of the Ph.D.'s U.S. Canadian Foreign Percent Unknown foreign CS (^255 19 181) 40% 11 CE 41 0 46 53% 6 CS-CE 296 19 227 42% 17

11

1

0 7 2

Undergraduate and Masters degrees

Many universities and colleges have undergraduate and/or masters programs but do not award the Ph.D., so the data given below says little about the field of computer science as a whole.

Table 7 gives statistics on undergraduate and Master's degrees in Ph.D. departments, with columns labeled '87-88' representing expectations. CS undergraduate degrees dropped (^) 4% this year, and the departments expect another 3% decrease next year.

Table 7. Undergraduate and Master's Degrees Non-Ph.D. Degrees, Undergraduate Master's Ph.D. departments only 84-85 85-86 86-87 87-88 84-85 85-86 86-87 87- CS Number of degrees 10422 10947 10540 10247 2889 3720 3614 3751 3751 Number of depts. responding 96 116 121 120 101 116 12 3 122 Average per dept. 109 94 87 85 29 32 29 31 CE Number of degrees 2103 2147 731 787 Number of depts. responding 22 22 22 22 Average per dept. (^96 98 33 ) CS-CE Number of degrees 12643 12394 4345 4538 Number of depts. responding 143 142 145 144

Average per dept. 88 87 30 32

New graduate students in Fall 1987

Table 8 gives enrollment figures for new students in Fall 1987. In the table, 'Ph.D. program' stands for the number of new graduate students in Ph.D. programs, regardless of whether they intend to earn a Masters degree first. The number of new graduate students in CS is down slightly from last year (from 3722 to 3644), but the number of new graduate students in a CS Ph.D.- program rose from 1170 to 1430 (22%), another reason for expecting future growth in Ph.D.

production.

The data for part-time Masters students needs some explanation. 50 departments had zero part- timers and 97 departments had 5 or fewer. For these departments, the part-time masters program may be inconsequential - perhaps just a small employee degree program of the University. On the other hand, the two largest part-time Masters programs had 205 and 152 new part-timers, respectively. The last column gives figures only for departments with between 6 and 50 new part-time masters students.

Table 9 gives the number of new Ph.D. students in CS departments this year and last, with departments grouped by rank.

shown separately in the table, in Canadian dollars. Canadian salaries are on a 12-month scale, the Canadian and U.S. dollars are different, and there are differences in the amount of consulting that typically can be performed.

The average U.S. salary for a new Ph.D. has increased from $36,668 in Fall 1985 to $38,957 in Fall 1986 (6.2%) to $40,885 in Fall 1987 (4.9%).

More information is included in Table 12, which gives the number of departments averaging a salary in each $1,000 range for Fall 1987 and two previous years (numbers are rounded and presented in thousands of dollars).

The departments reported hiring 29 faculty with Ph.D.'s earned in 1982 or later in a field other than computing science/engineering. The fields were: mathematics (3), electrical engineering (21), sociology, philosophy, physics (2), and management sciences. Part of the increase of new faculty with electrical engineering degrees is due to the inclusion of the CE departments in this year's survey.

Table 12. New Ph.D. Salaries, for Fall 1987 and Two Previous Years Salary (in thousands) 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 1985-86: Number of depts. 2 10 11 11 5 5 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1986-87: Number of depts. 3 1 9 11 16 14 5 4 2 0 0 0 0 0 1987-88: Number of depts. 1 1 1 3 8 13 14 20 4 1 1 0 1 1

Faculty salaries

Table 13 summarizes 9-month faculty salaries in U.S. departments during the 1987-88 academic

year. The second column of each table gives the number of faculty (in each rank) for which

salaries were reported and, in parentheses, the total number of faculty in that rank.

Departments reported the minimum, mean, and maximum salaries of assistant, associate, and full

professors and the number of faculty in each rank. For minimum salaries (and for maximum

salaries), the table shows the minimum, average, and maximum. Finally, the average is given

over all salaries in each faculty rank - this is not the average of the means, but the true average.

Comparing this year's figures with last year's, we find that the average Assistant Professor salary

rose 6.1% from $39544 to $41945. the average Associate Professor salary rose 5.3% from

$45062 to $47428, and the average Full Professor salary rose 5.9% from $59503 to $63037.

Tables 14-17 supply the same information as Table 13, but for departments grouped by rank.

Table 18 gives salary information for the CE departments. Table 19 gives salary information for

the 11 Canadian departments that gave salary information. Table 20 gives the information for all

U.S. CS and CE departments.

Table 11. New Ph.D. Salaries, for Fall 1987 All U.S. All U.S. Top 24 U.S. Other 99 U.S. 12 Canadian CS-CE depts. CS depts. CS depts. CS depts. CS depts. Total hired 248 211 65 146 27 Number of departments reporting salaries 83 69 18 51 7 Minimum $35,000 $35,000 $37,333 $35,000 $38, Average (of the averages) $40,885 $40,840 $41,540 $40,592 $42, Maximum $52,100 $48,000 $47,000 $48,000 $48,

Table 13. Salaries, 108 out of 111 U.S. CS Departments

Reported minimums Average Reported maximums Faculty over rank Number Mn Mean max all salaries Mn Mean Max

Assistant 760(772) 29000 38895 43000 41945 33100 43852 56425 Associate 530(535) 28311 42788 57882 47428 36700 51660 66640 Full 662 (675) 34483 51444 72420 63037 46200 74672 125000

Table 14. Salaries, 12 of 12 CS Departments ranked 1-12, U.S. only Reported minimums Average Reported maximums

Faculty over

rank Number Mn Mean Max all salaries Mm Mean Max

Assistant 126(126) 39000 41048 43000 43148 42800 46286 55000 Associate 73 (73) 28311 44962 55000 49301 45783 53348 61900 Full 143 (143) 34483 54479 71400 70330 73377 92993 125000

Table 15. Salaries, 11 of 12 CS Departments ranked 13-24, U.S. only Reported minimums Average Reported maximums Faculty over rank Number Min Mean Max all salaries Min Mean Max Assistant 109 (115) 39000 40674 43000 42987 43000 46388 55492 Associate 65 (68) 35000 45979 52000 51544 48650 57449 66640 Full 82 (90) (^48480 53510 61000 65813 66400 84461 )

Table 16. Salaries, 11 of 12 CS Departments ranked 25-36, U.S. only Reported minimums Average Reported maximums Faculty over rank Number Mm Mean Max all salaries Min Mean Max Assistant 97(99) (^37100 40499 42000 43307 37100 45849 ) Associate 54(55) 34750 45633 51400 51112 44900 53945 61320 Full 68(72) 46200 54146 61700 66970 75000 87793 122100

Table 17. Salaries, 74 of 87 CS Departments ranked below 36 or unranked, U.S. only Reported minimums (^) Average Reported maximums Faculty over rank Number (^) Mn Mean Max all salaries Min Mean Max Assistant 428 (432) 29000 38007 43000 41017 33100 42739 56425 Associate 337 (339) 30000 41547 57882 45779 36700 50168 64925 Full 369 (370) 35525 50209 72420 58869 46200 68118 104750

Table 18. Salaries, 17 of 33 CE Departments, U.S. only Reported minimums Average Reported maximums Faculty over rank Number^ Min^ Mean^ Max^ all^ salaries^ Min^ Mean^ Max Assistant 92(110) 34946 38381 42500 40603 36146 42647 50000 Associate 103 (128) 35600 41900 48700 47871 39800 49503 56000 Full 150 (184) 31425 47216 74000 54907 50375 67722 89624

Faculty Losses

As shown in Table 23, the field of computing lost only 28 people through death or retirement, which is about 1% of the total number of faculty; CS lost 18 - the same as last year. This, together with the distribution of the faculty in the three ranks, points out the extreme youth of the field. Of the other CS-CE 188 faculty who left, at least 40% left for other teaching positions, 25% left academia, 12% were visitors who returned to their employer, 2% returned to graduate school, and 8% other. The percentages for CS were very similar: 44% teaching elsewhere, 25% positions

outside of academia, 11% were visitors, 3% returned to graduate school, and 8% other. The number of faculty who left the departments (179) is very close to the figure reported last year (174).

Table 23. Faculty Losses CS-CE Depts. CS Depts. w/ Ph.D. w/ out Ph.D. Total w/ Ph.D. w/ out Ph.D. Total Died or retired (^23) 5 28 14 4 18 Were visitors, returned to employer 25 1 26 19 1 20 Teaching elsewhere 82 5 87 73 5 78 Left for non-academic position 46 7 53 38 6 44 Returned to graduate school 2 3 5 2 3 5 Other 16 1 17 13 1 14 Total 194 22 216 159 20 179

References

[0] An assessment of research-doctorate programs in the United States. National academy Press,

[1] Gries, D. The 1984-85 Taulbee survey. CACM 29, 10 (October 1986), 972-977; and

Computer 19, 10 (November 186), 69-71.

[2] Gries, D. The 1985-86 Taulbee survey. CACM 30, 8 (August 1987), 688-694.

[3] Taulbee, Orrin E. Annual U.S. summaries of Ph.D. production and employment in computer

science, 1970-1985. SIGCSE Bulletin 18, 3 (September 1986), 2-8, 12.

[4] First Report of the 1987 Annual AMS-MAA Survey. Notices of the American Mathematical

Society (November 1987).

THE UNIVERSITY CONTEXT

The State-Wide University System

The State of California supports two parallel and occasionally competing University systems. Until a few years ago, the members of one of these systems bore the designation "State Colleges" to distinguish (^) them from the various campuses of the University of California. After some controversy, the State Legislature authorized several of these State College units to call themselves "State Universities" There are now 17 State Universities and 2 State Colleges within the California State University System. In Southern California, the largest of these include California State University, Fullerton; California State University, Long Beach; California State University, Los Angeles; California State University, Northridge; and California State University, San Diego. The estimated state-wide enrollment for all nineteen campuses of the system was 342,776 for (^) Fall 1987. The California State University System is headed by a Board of Trustees which in turn selects the Chancellor of the State University system and the presidents of each of the State Universities. Dr. W. A. Reynolds is the Chancellor at the present time.

The University of California likewise depends on the State of California Legislature for its funding. It is governed by a Board of Regents consisting of twenty-four members, (^) seventeen of whom are appointed to sixteen-year terms by the Governor of California, and seven members ex- officio (including the Governor, the Lieutenant Governor and the Speaker of the Assembly). The Board of Regents prepares the University budget for submission to the State (^) Legislature and rules on all changes in academic programs and all tenure professorial and senior administrative appointments. The Board of Regents also appoints the President (^) of the University of California as well as several Vice Presidents. In 1983 Dr. David (^) P. Gardner became President, succeeding Dr. David (^) Saxon.

The Campuses of the University (^) of California

The University of California maintains nine major centers or campuses, as well as (^) a number of smaller peripheral units. The oldest of these is at Berkeley and began operation (^) at its present location in 1873. The most recent addition to the University system is the Santa Cruz campus which opened officially in Fall 1965 and is still undergoing rapid changes. Within the University of California system, each campus enjoys autonomy. Although some campuses are relatively specialized (^) (for example the San Francisco campus is devoted to medicine and the health sciences), (^) most campuses offer complete programs leading to Bachelor's, Master's and Ph.D. degrees. While it is common for a student to transfer from one campus of the University of California to another after completing the Bachelor's or Master's degree, it is relatively rare to make (^) a change from campus to campus while pursuing a specific degree objective. A list of the campuses of the University of California together with their graduate and undergraduate (^) student enrollment in Fall 1987 follows.

Campus Undergraduate Graduate Health Sciences Total

Berkeley 22,636 8,634 785 32, Davis 15,486 3,484 1,895 20, Irvine 12,369 1,695 (^) 1,075 15, Los Angeles 23,447 8,194 3,794 35, Riverside (^) 5,023 1,488 43 6, San Diego (^) 13,589 1,690 1,118 16, San Francisco 3,681 3, Santa Barbara 15,777 2,102 17, Santa Cruz 8,512 640 9,

UC Totals (^) 116,821 27,927 12,391 157,

The University (^) of California at Los Angeles

UCLA was founded (^) in 1919 as the second branch of the University of California. It moved to its

The Faculty: Areas of Interest

In the 1987-88 academic year the full-time faculty with primary appointment in the Computer Science Department included twenty-two Professors, three Associate Professors, five Assistant Professors and one Senior Lecturer with Security of Employment. Two faculty members with primary affiliations in other departments at UCLA contributed substantially to the Departmental teaching and research programs as did six faculty members with visiting or temporary appointments. Their fields of interest by area, brief biographies, publications, and honors and awards follow.

For purposes of specifying Ph.D. major and minor fields as well as to characterize research interests, the Computer Science program at UCLA has been divided into six areas. Each area is represented (^) in the curriculum by a set of undergraduate and graduate courses, and is supervised by a committee of faculty members having research and pedagogic interests in that area. A number of faculty members belong to more than one such area. (^) Listed below are the more important research topics falling under each area together with the associated faculty members.

-Artificial Intelligence

Artificial intelligence: heuristics, machine perception, natural language (^) processing, knowledge- based and expert systems, robotics, graphics and man/machine interfaces.

R. Korf (area head), M. Dyer, M. Flowers, A. Klinger, M. Melkanoff, S. Parker, 3. Pearl, J.

Skrzypek, J. Vidal.

-Computer Network Modeling and Analysis

Computer Networks and Packet Switching; Distributed Systems; Flow Control; Routing (^) Control; Packet Radio Systems, Local Networks; Computer Scheduling, and Time Sharing; Resource Allocation; Memory Management; Data Communications; Performance Evaluation, Queueing Theory; Network Flow Theory; Mathematical Modeling, Analysis and Optimization of Computer Systems.

L. Kleinrock (area head), J. Carlyle, W. Chu, E. Gafni, M. Gerla, S. Greibach, R. Muntz, D. S. Parker.

'Computer Science Theory

Design and Analysis of Algorithms, Computational Complexity, Models for Program and Data Structures, Models for (^) Parallel Computation and Concurrent Systems, Verification Systems, Automata and Formal Languages, Discrete System Theory.

S. Greibach (areahead), D. Cantor, J. Carlyle, E. Gafni, (^) D. Martin, D. S. Parker, J. Pearl

'Computer System Architecture

System Design; Digital Systems; Logic Design; VLSI System Design and Organization; Memory, Arithmetic, Control, Data Transmission and Input/Output System Design; Computer Graphics; High-Performance Computers; Fault-Tolerant Computers, Distributed Systems.

D. Rennels (area head), A. Avizienis, B. Bussell, W. Chu, M. Ercegovac, G. Estrin, M. Gerla, T. Lang, L. Levine, D.S. Parker, G. Popek, V. Tyree, Y. Tamir, C. Viswanathan.

'Scientific Computing

Physical Systems: Modeling and simulation, signal (^) processing, numerical methods, mathematical models, pattern recognition, on-line computations.

Biological Systems: Modeling, neural networks, biocybernetics.

W. Karplus (area head), M. Aoki, 1. Carlyle, J. DiStefano,^ T.^ Estrin,^ L.^ Levine,^ L.^ McNamee.

-Software Systems

General and Special-Purpose Languages; Compilers; System Programming; Syntax, Semantics and Pragmatics of Programming Languages; Implementation of Programming Languages and Systems; Distributed Systems; Security and Privacy; Data Bases; Data Structures.

D.S. Parker, (area head) R. Bagrodia, D. Berry, A. Cardenas, D. Jefferson, D. Martin, M. Melkanoff, R. Muntz, G. Popek.