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WGU C389 - Science, Technology &
Society questions with correct
answers graded A+ 2025/
Which statement is a scientific hypothesis? (a) Fossil A is larger than fossil B. (b) Did T-rex exist on all 7 continents? (c) April precipitation on Mt. Timpanogos is increasing, or (d) Immigration in Germany is falling. - ANS ✔✔C - April precipitation on Mt. Timpanogos is increasing Which 2 of the following statements describe nature of science rather than technology? (a) science solves problems such as developing software programs, (b) science explores the physical world, (c) science procedures are rigid and pre-determined, or (d) science develops data that is analyzed to find patterns and trends. - ANS ✔✔B - Science explores the physical world D - Science develops data that is analyzed to find patterns and trends. Place the following scientists in chronological order from first (1) to last (4): Mendel (inheritance), Einstein (relativity), Copernicus (earth revolves around the sun), and Galileo (first telescopes) - ANS ✔✔Copernicus, Galileo, Mendel and Einstein Science is (a) data driven or (b) not data driven. - ANS ✔✔Data driven (empirical in nature) What limitations does science have? - ANS ✔✔Limited to the natural, physical world Does science 'prove' anything? Yes or No - ANS ✔✔No.
Is science culture-proof or absolute? Yes or No - ANS ✔✔No What is inductive research? - ANS ✔✔inside out - analyzing a specific case to produce a general concept statement What is deductive research? - ANS ✔✔outside in - starts with a general concept statement to explain a specific case How does society use science? - ANS ✔✔decides how to use data and predictions generated from science Technology - ANS ✔✔Things that are developed by people to apply science data Is there a single way and place to do science? - ANS ✔✔No Scientific law - ANS ✔✔A general statement of what we believe we know about a topic. The BSCS 5 E's Learning Model - ANS ✔✔Engage, Explore, Explain, Extend, and Evaluate Which possible answers can I rule out because they contain RED FLAGS to rule out on the test? - ANS ✔✔the use of the words prove, like, seem, and/or prefer 1:42 scale model is an example of a - ANS ✔✔Size comparison System models is an example of - ANS ✔✔mathematical equations used to predict
What can be shown (and not shown) by building a model of an amoeba with candy? relative size of anatomy or function of internal structures - ANS ✔✔Relative size of an amoeba's anatomy is shown. Function of internal structure is not shown. scientific hypothesis - ANS ✔✔A testable statement that identifies an independent variable, and something about that variable that changes scientific theory - ANS ✔✔an explanation of a natural phenomenon scientific law - ANS ✔✔a statement of our understanding of a natural phenomenon What procedure in science provides checks and balances, and provides for new knowledge to be shared and build upon? - ANS ✔✔peer review Given the example, is it good science, bad science, or not science. Research is not reported in a way that can be reproduced - ANS ✔✔poor science Given the example, is it good science, bad science, or not science. Discussions about superheros - ANS ✔✔not science Given the example, is it good science, bad science, or not science. Use of models to explain possible explanations - ANS ✔✔good science Given the example, is it good science, bad science, or not science. Research from many fields leads to development of a theory - ANS ✔✔good science What did Galileo contribute to science? - ANS ✔✔Telescope
What did Jonas Salik contribute to science? - ANS ✔✔Polio Vaccine (1940s) What did Kepler contribute to science? - ANS ✔✔Planetary motion (1600s) What did Mendel contribute to science? - ANS ✔✔Genetics (mid 1800s) What did Leeuwenhoek contribute to science? - ANS ✔✔Microscope (approx.
What did Fleming contribute to science? - ANS ✔✔Penicillin (1929) What did Bohr contribute to science? - ANS ✔✔Atomic structure (1922) What makes social problems related to science difficult to resolve? (a) various desired outcomes, (b) consideration of science data, (c) disagreement about risk - ANS ✔✔A - Various desired outcomes B - Consideration of science data How does science contribute to evaluating issues involving society? (a) debates (b) determining risk as part of data analysis (c) promoting theories (d) collaboration with political leaders. - ANS ✔✔B - determining risk as part of data analysis What complicates science research? (a) worries about tenure and peer acceptance, (b) bias in data analysis, (c) providing theories underlying this research, and (d) getting results before peers. - ANS ✔✔D - getting results before peers Observation - ANS ✔✔Taking notice of the natural world
Match the following as being either a conceptual (i.e. physical) or mathematical model: (a) plotting course of hurricane path, (b) candy model of cell, (c) forecasting wind flow in upper atmosphere (d) model airplane - ANS ✔✔A - mathematical, B - physical, C - mathematical, D - physical Which statement is a good science hypothesis? (a) tomorrow is Friday, (b) Blue cars are more popular than red cars (c) Daily exercise increases cardiovascular health, (d) more lightning occurred this month than last month - ANS ✔✔C - Daily exercise increases cardiovascular health What are characteristics of a well-designed science investigation? (a) must be conducted in a lab (b) follows a strict step by step process, (c) Involves manipulating more than one variable (d) results are not totally revealed to protect copyright - ANS ✔✔C - Involves manipulating more than one variable Determine if each of the following is Description or Explanation: (a) the sky is blue (b) the water is blue because of light reflection (c) the earth revolves around the sun due to gravitational pull (d) the tides are 55 feet in Bay on Funday. - ANS ✔✔A - the sky is blue is Description B - the water is blue because of light reflection is Explanation C - the earth revolves around the sun due to gravitational pull - Explanation D - the tides are 55 feet in Bay on Funday. - Description What cannot be studied by science? - ANS ✔✔Is man alone in the universe. Where do humans go after death? Most pleasing color of wall paint. List characteristics of science knowledge. - ANS ✔✔Models can explain concepts
What does 'skepticism' mean in science? How is this different from its definition in general society? - ANS ✔✔Do these results align with the procedure used to obtain them? List three characteristics of the nature of science - ANS ✔✔A law is a statement of our understanding. Science studies only the physical, natural world Peer review is how information is shared and confirmed. Which is an example of the deductive method in science? - ANS ✔✔Using a flow chart to identify a tree What is NOT the role of science in society - ANS ✔✔Promote one side of evolution debate over the other Support legislation on climate change Which statement is an example of a direct cause-and-effect relationship in science? a - because a person is exposed to bacteria, the person will get sick. b - because a person uses pain-numbing medication, a person will be free of dental pain. c - because a person wraps a sprained ankle, the person will recover from the injury. d - because a person drinks water and eats healthy foods, a person's body will resist infection. - ANS ✔✔b - because a person uses pain-numbing medication, a person will be free of dental pain. Which example describes an observed pattern that could be used to guide a scientific investigation? a - the names of the students in a class can be placed in alphabetical order.
d - some laws of science do not have a known explanation. What is required for scientists to formulate scientific ideas? a - they must form conjectures that are laws. b - they must prove their theories. c - they must conduct tests. d - they must debate their opinions. e - they must publish their findings. - ANS ✔✔c - they must conduct tests. Which scientific process allows acceptance of new knowledge? a - the peer review process. b - the pure conjecture process. c - the creative endeavor process. d - the theory formulation process. - ANS ✔✔a - the peer review process. What are two characteristics of scientific knowledge? Choose 2 answers a - scientific knowledge utilized subjective data collection, analysis, and reporting. b - scientific knowledge aims to prove hypotheses through experimentation. c - scientific knowledge builds through imagination, prior knowledge, and perseverance. d - scientific knowledge provides answers to ethical questions. - ANS ✔✔a - scientific knowledge utilized subjective data collection, analysis, and reporting. c - scientific knowledge builds through imagination, prior knowledge, and perseverance.
Which two questions can be answered by science? Choose 2 answers What is our purpose on Earth? a - is a higher being responsible for life on Earth? b - should the federal government regulate cloning? c - how similar are the genomes of primates and humans? d - what is the normal mutation rate in human chromosomes? - ANS ✔✔c - how similar are the genomes of primates and humans? d - what is the normal mutation rate in human chromosomes? Which two questions can be answered by science? Choose 2 answers. a - what kind of car is better for teenagers to drive? b - should the federal government regulate cloning? c - which environmental research agenda should we support? d - what is the thickness variation of the polar ice caps throughout history? e - what is the relationship between temperature and levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere? - ANS ✔✔d - what is the thickness variation of the polar ice caps throughout history? e - what is the relationship between temperature and levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere? Which activity would be considered a scientific pursuit? a - selecting your favorite ice cream texture. b - creating wind farms to harness electricity. c - identifying protein markers for genes that cause disease. d - determining which nanoparticle has the most pleasing shape. - ANS ✔✔c - identifying protein markers for genes that cause disease.
e - the scientist's research funding opportunities may be put in jeopardy. Which statement describes the nature of science? a - science and its methods provide answers to ethical questions. b - legitimate skepticism plays an important role in scientific inquiry. c - a law is generated through theory replication d - the accumulation of knowledge results in a proved theory. - ANS ✔✔b - legitimate skepticism plays an important role in scientific inquiry. How did the inductive method change the way science impacts society? a - it encouraged society to use general principles to analyze scientific findings. b - it led to the ability to answer questions about the supernatural. c - it suggested that observation is preceded by questioning and analysis. d - it allowed clear data to be taken and conclusions to be logically drawn from the data. - ANS ✔✔d - it allowed clear data to be taken and conclusions to be logically drawn from the data. Which statement describes Isaac Newton's contribution to science? a - he discovered the structure of the atom with a positively charged nucleus. b - he proposed the idea of evolution through the process of natural selection. c - he defined the basic principles of genetic inheritance using the pea plant. d - he describes the three laws of motion and universal gravitation. - ANS ✔✔d - he describes the three laws of motion and universal gravitation. Place the following events in chronological order from first (1) to last (4). Answer options may be used more than once or not at all.
a - scientists begin using computers to predict the effect of rising carbon emissions on atmospheric carbon levels and temperature. b - scientists successfully create engines that do not use carbon sources. c - the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) is created to assess the relationship between climate change and carbon throughout the world. d - scientists identity the greenhouse effect, linking carbon dioxide and temperature. - ANS ✔✔1 - scientists identity the greenhouse effect, linking carbon dioxide and temperature. 2 - the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) is created to assess the relationship between climate change and carbon throughout the world. 3 - scientists begin using computers to predict the effect of rising carbon emissions on atmospheric carbon levels and temperature. 4 - scientists successfully create engines that do not use carbon sources. What is one example of the role of science in society? a - evaluating the evidence of climate change models. b - implementing community recycling projects to decrease the carbon footprint. c - organizing advocacy groups working to reduce atmospheric carbon dioxide. d - legislating policy to address global climate change. - ANS ✔✔a - evaluating the evidence of climate change models. What is one example of the role of science in society? a - proving whether or not global climate change is occurring. b - supporting climate change policy as a moral imperative. c - analyzing evidence from varying system models that describe climate changes.
b - proving theories c - applying personal opinion d - analyzing risks - ANS ✔✔d - analyzing risks Which method is used to evaluate scientific issues as they relate to society? a - analysis of supernatural phenomena. b - consultation with political leaders. c - analysis of risks. d - application of religious beliefs. - ANS ✔✔c - analysis of risks. What are three possible difficulties scientists face during and after the investigation of a new drug? Choose 3 answers. a - obtaining article acceptance into a peer reviewed journal. b- collecting and interpreting all the relevant facts without bias. c - measuring the reliability and validity of the data. d - facing the pressures of tenure and occurring honors. e - proving hypotheses about the drug's side effects. f - formulating scientific laws related to drug interactions. - ANS ✔✔a - obtaining article acceptance into a peer reviewed journal. b- collecting and interpreting all the relevant facts without bias. c - measuring the reliability and validity of the data. A doctor is developing a breakthrough DNA test for children who carry genetic mutations. Which obstacles might the doctor face during the investigation? Choose 3 answers.
a - the doctor must come up with a single well-defined method to develop new break throughs. b - the doctor must use a set of common defined steps to reach solutions. c - the doctor must show that the test was accurate in a large number of trials d - the doctor's revolutionary paradigm must gain acceptance. e - the doctor must create on hypothesis to explain all questions. f - the doctor must demonstrate that the test was practical and safe even though it may have seemed counter intuitive at first. - ANS ✔✔c - the doctor must show that the test was accurate in a large number of trials d - the doctor's revolutionary paradigm must gain acceptance. f - the doctor must demonstrate that the test was practical and safe even though it may have seemed counter intuitive at first. Carrying out tests to gather evidence - ANS ✔✔conducting experiments gathering evidence - ANS ✔✔collecting data generalizing from existing patterns to propose a projection - ANS ✔✔making predictions using gathered evidence to support or refute a hypothesis. - ANS ✔✔interpreting data How does observation support scientific investigations? a - it proves scientific theories. b- it provides scientific data. c - it functions as stage one of the scientific method.
a - laws that become theories. b - conclusive answers to questions. c - conclusions consistent with evidence, d- - testable and replicable results. e - proof of hypotheses through experimentations. - ANS ✔✔c - conclusions consistent with evidence, d- - testable and replicable results. How does reporting research findings contribute to the scientific community? Choose 1 answer. a - it advances scientific theories to laws. b - it allows peers to evaluate the work and add to the scientific record. c - it provides the final proof for the hypothesis, so the results no longer remain tentative. d - it serves to protect the paradigm and prevent revolution. - ANS ✔✔b - it allows peers to evaluate the work and add to the scientific record. Why is replicating results importing in scientific investigations? a - it is the fastest means to prove a hypothesis. b - it is required for publication in scientific journals. c - it tests the validity of a scientific generalization. d - it creates more jobs for scientists. - ANS ✔✔c - it tests the validity of a scientific generalization. A computer model used to forecast total rainfall from a hurricane is an example of what type of model? - ANS ✔✔mathematical A model using gumdrops and toothpicks to illustrate atomic structure is what type of model? - ANS ✔✔conceptual
A model used to predict levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is what type of model? - ANS ✔✔mathematical A drawing of the structure of DNA is what type of model? - ANS ✔✔conceptual A toy car is what type of model - ANS ✔✔physical The value of the earth's circumference before satellites is what type of the model - ANS ✔✔mathematical The ideal gas law is what type of model - ANS ✔✔mathematical A miniature catapult is what type of model - ANS ✔✔physcial Which example is a scientific hypothesis? a - March winds in the United States are getting faster because of rising temperatures. b - Are birth rates in Latin American Falling? c - It seems that more people say "yes, sir" than "yes, ma'am." d - Why does higher relative humidity make the temperature of the air feel warmer? - ANS ✔✔a - March winds in the United States are getting faster because of rising temperatures. Which example is a scientific hypothesis? a - is life expectancy in Europe increasing? b - television comedy series are in greater demand than science fiction series.
