What is Natural Selection?, Lecture notes of Evolutionary biology

Background Information: Natural selection is one of the basic mechanisms of evolution and can be described as the process in which organisms that are.

Typology: Lecture notes

2022/2023

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What is Natural Selection?
Background Information:
Natural selection is one of the basic mechanisms of evolution and
can be described as the process in which organisms that are
better adapted to their environment tend to survive and
reproduce more offspring. To understand Natural Selection, we
must also understand the concepts of descent with modification
and common descent. Descent with modification implies that
when reproduction occurs, there will be slight differences from
their parents due to random genetic mutations. Common descent
describes how a group of organisms share a most recent
ancestor.
Purpose:
To understand the evolution of organisms through natural
selection.
Required Materials:
1 piece of green paper
1 piece of beige paper
20 normal toothpicks
20 green toothpicks
Stopwatch
Tweezers
Notebook
Pencil
Thin Bubble Wrap
pf3
pf4

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What is Natural Selection?

Background Information:

Natural selection is one of the basic mechanisms of evolution and can be described as the process in which organisms that are better adapted to their environment tend to survive and reproduce more offspring. To understand Natural Selection, we must also understand the concepts of descent with modification and common descent. Descent with modification implies that when reproduction occurs, there will be slight differences from their parents due to random genetic mutations. Common descent describes how a group of organisms share a most recent ancestor.

Purpose:

To understand the evolution of organisms through natural selection.

Required Materials:

  • 1 piece of green paper
  • 1 piece of beige paper
  • 20 normal toothpicks
  • 20 green toothpicks
  • Stopwatch
  • Tweezers
  • Notebook
  • Pencil
  • Thin Bubble Wrap
  • Laboratory Goggles or Safety Glasses

Procedure:

  1. Mix the green and normal toothpicks together and randomly spread them out on the beige piece of paper.
  2. Set up a stop watch for 20 seconds.
  3. Start the clock and pick up as many toothpicks with the tweezers as you can.
  4. Record the number of each color of toothpicks you collected in the table below.
  5. Repeat the experiment on the green piece of paper and collect results.
  6. Finally, put on the laboratory goggles or safety glasses and place the thin sheet of bubble wrap underneath to represent impaired vision and repeat the experiment on the green and beige paper.

Good Vision (without goggles)

Impaired Vision (with goggles and bubble wrap) Green Paper Beige Paper Green Paper Beige Paper

of

Toothpicks

of

Toothpicks

Educational Video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0SCjhI86grU

References:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W4FB6h0R1H

http://evolution101.yolasite.com/natural-selection.php

https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/her/evolution- and-natural-selection/a/darwin-evolution-natural-selection