7A first conditional and future time clauses +when, until,etc.
first conditional sentences:if+ present simple,will/won’t+ infinitive
EXAMPLES
1If youworkhard, you’ll passyour exams.
The teacherwon’t bevery pleased if we’relate for class.
2Comeand see us next week if youhavetime.
3Alisonwon’t getinto university unless shegetsgood grades.
Iwon’t gounless yougotoo.
FORM
• We use first conditional sentences to talk about a possible /probable future
situation and its consequence.
1We use the present tense (NOTthe future) afterifin firstconditional
sentences.NOTIf you’ll work hard, you’ll passall your exams.
2We can also use an imperative instead of thewillclause.
3We can useunless+ present simple [+] instead ofif…notin conditional
sentences. Compare:Alison won’t get intouniversityifshedoesn’t getgood
grades.
future time clauses
EXAMPLES
We’ll havedinner when your fathergetshome.
As soon as yougetyour exam results,callme.
Iwon’t goto bed until youcomehome.
I’ll havea quick lunch before Ileave.
After Ifinishuniversity, I’llprobablytakea year off and travel.
FORM
• We use the present tense (NOTthe future) afterwhen, assoon as,until,
before,andafterto talk about the future.
7B second conditional, choosing between conditionals
second conditional sentences: if + past simple, would / wouldn’t +
infinitive
EXAMPLES
1 If I had a job, I’d get my own flat.
If David spoke good English, he could get a job in that new hotel.
I would get on better with my parents if I didn’t live with them.
I wouldn’t do that job unless they paid me a really good salary.
2 If your sister were here, she’d know what to do.
If it was warmer, we could have a swim.
3 If I were you, I’d buy a new computer.
FORM
