CONDITIONAL 1-2-3-0 English., Diapositivas de Inglés

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GRAMMAR:

CONDITIONALS

CONDITIONAL

SENTENCES

Structure : A conditional sentence is composed of 2 parts :

If-clause + Main

Clause

Example :

If it rains tomorrow, we will not come.

If-clause Main Clause

FIRST CONDITIONAL

If the weather is nice, we will go for a walk. If you don’t apologize , she will never trust you again. The first conditional refers to the present and future. It expresses a possible condition and its probable result in the future. If clause: PRESENT SIMPLE Main clause: FUTURE SIMPLE

Jack wants to buy a house but he can’t do this because he doesn’t have any money. If I had a lot of money, I would buy a big house.

SECOND CONDITIONAL

If I had a lot of money, I would buy a big house. If I knew his number, I would phone him. if-clause: PAST TENSE SIMPLE main clause: PRESENT CONDITIONAL would + infinitive

SECOND CONDITIONAL

The second conditional refers to the present and future. It expresses an unreal situation and its probable result. The situation or condition is improbable, not really possible, imaginary , or contrary to known facts.

Jack wanted to buy a house last year but he couldn’t do that because he didn’t have any money. If I had had a lot of money, I would have bought a big house.

THIRD CONDITIONAL

If I had had a lot of money, I would have bought a big house. If I had known his number, I would have phoned him. if-clause: PAST PERFECT SIMPLE main clause: PAST CONDITIONAL would + have + past participle The third conditional refers to the past and it is not based on facts. It expresses the a situation which is contrary to reality in the past.

THIRD CONDITIONAL

FIRST v. SECOND CONDITIONAL

THE DIFFERENCE: FIRST and SECOND CONDITIONAL Both conditionals refer to the present and future. The difference is about probability , not time. First conditional: real and possible situations Second conditional: unlikely to happen

If John runs fast, he will win the

race.

If John ran fast, he would win the

race.

This is still possible to happen. This is unlikely to happen because John doesn’t run fast.

Conditional Sentences Other connectors: PROVIDED / PROVIDING (THAT)/ WITH THE CONDITION THAT/ AS LONG AS You can stay with the condition that you sleep on the couch. I will go to the party as long as you go there too IMAGINE / SUPPOSE /SUPPOSING THAT Imagine that you won a million pounds, what would you do?

Conditional Sentences Other connectors: EVEN IF I won’t go to the party even if they beg me IN CASE Take an umbrella in case it rains

ALL CONDITIONALS

1. If he drives carefully, he avoids the accident. General time reference.
2. If he drives carefully, he will avoid the accident tomorrow. This is still possible to happen.
3. If he drove carefully, he would avoid the accident today. But he doesn’t drive carefully. This is unlikely to happen.
4. If he had driven carefully, he would have avoided the accident yesterday. But he didn’t drive carefully, so he didn’t avoid the accident.

Exercise One. First

Conditionals

1. If you ___________________ (not come), You ________________ (miss ) the show. do not come will miss
2. John __________________ (buy)a car if he _____________ (get) a job. will buy gets
3. Mary ________________(get) a toothache if she_________________ (eat) too many sweets. will get eats

Exercises 1 - If I ...... you, I would tell him straightaway  (^) were  (^) am II. Choose the correct answer. 2 - If you ...... yellow and blue, you get green  (^) will mix  (^) mix 3 - If I .........., I would never have done it  (^) knew  (^) had known 4 - Unless you ....... drinking, you'll have serious health problems.  (^) stop  (^) will stop    

Exercises 5 - I ......... there if I'd known about it  (^) would never have gone  (^) would never go 6 - If you see him, ......... him to call me?  (^) will you ask  (^) would you have asked 7 - If I ........., I'd have done it myself  (^) were there  (^) had been there 8 - What would you do if the police ......... you?  (^) arrested  (^) had arrested    