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EXERCISES 1. The car has been working a lot better since I ………….…… (service). Use the causative in the correct tenses in the following sentences:
- Your hair looks different. ……………………….. (you/cut)?
- Your coat's dirty. Why don't you ………..……………… (clean)?
- My walls are really black so I ……………….……………. (repaint) soon.
- I can't type the letter for you: I …………….………. (my computer/repair) at the moment.
Transform these sentences using the causative:1. A girl manicures my boss's nails twice a week.
My...
- Picasso painted my mother's portrait. My...
- The dentist is going to fill my tooth next Monday. I...
- Has anybody ever read your palm? Have...
- I’m going to pay someone to cut my grass.
I’m going to... Exercise 2 Rewrite the sentences using the beginnings given. All of the new sentences should contain compound adjectives. 1. The trip to Castellón lasted nine hours.
It was a…
- The man Shirley is going to marry works very hard. Shirley is going to marry a…
- Don’t spend more than ten minutes in the shower. Don’t have more than a…
- My friend Paige has curly hair. My friend Paige is a…
- I’ve never seen a more beautiful woman in my life. She’s the…
- I would love to take a trip around the world. I would love to go on a…
He took up parachuting a couple of years ago. He’s …
She’s started going to the gym because she wants to get fit. She’s started going to the gym …
I last made a journey across the Sahara desert in 1998. I haven’t …
They wore thermal gloves because they didn’t want to feel the cold. They wore thermal gloves so …
I’ve never tried bungee jumping before. This is the …
I’d rather go on a safari than explore a rainforest. I’d prefer …
10)documentaries. She likes writing books about her trips more than making TV She prefers …
- I thought he’d back out of it. I didn’t think he’d go …
- We couldn’t go any further because we were exhausted. We couldn’t go any further because we were suffering …
MODAL VERBS OF OBLIGATION EXERCISE 1. I __________________ (study) so hard for the exam. It was easier than I
- expected.___________________ (we/book) a table at the restaurant, or are there usually enough tables free?
- I’m getting fat. I __________________ (go) on a diet.When he first came to Spain, he ___________________ (get) a work permit.
- You ____________________ (tell) me if it's a secret. I understand.You ________(throw) lighted cigarettes out of the car window in case you start a fire.
- I met Mary yesterday, so I gave her a birthday card.by post. I ___________ (send) it
- If you're an air hostess, you _____________________ (travel) a lot.We_____________________ (set off) too early. The train doesn't leave until 9.30.
- You ____________________ (come) to the party if you don't want to.
Prefer, Would Prefer, Would Rather Make similar sentences comparing the following:
- travel by plane/ train
- We enjoyed our holiday. It was so...
- But we didn’t like the hotel. It was so...
- We loved London. It’s such...
- But English food was so... that...
- When we came back I was so... that...
He’s too young for the job. He isn’t... It was too hot to drink. It was so hot... I was so tired that I couldn’t stay awake. I was too...
SPECULATION AND DEDUCTION EXERCISES
1. Respond to the following situations using the words in brackets and the perfect infinitive. Eg. I can´t find my ticket (must, drop) 1. You must have dropped it. John didn´t come to school yesterday. (must, ill) 2. Why is Isabel late for class? (might, oversleep) 3. The teacher´s checking Maria´s work. (can´t, finish already) 4. Did you know that Charles got top marks in the exam? (must, cheat) 5. Where´s my umbrella? (could, leave it on the train)
2.deduction. Rewrite these sentences using a modal verb of deduction. Add a reason to support your Eg. I´m sure Amy likes animals very much.Amy must like animals very much. She´s always had them around her.
- (^) I´m sure James is a famous actor.
- I´m sure she didn´t work very hard at school.
- A car is found crashed into a tree, with the driver unconscious at the wheel. 4. Fill in the gap with the correct form of the verb in brackets.
- You _____________________________ (be) very proud of your son winning so many prizes.
- I´ve just rung up the garage to check whether they´ve fixed my car, but I can´t get an answer.I suppose they ______________________________________ (have) a coffee break.
- (^) _______________________________________ (enjoy) talking to all those boring people.I don´t know why you wanted to stay at the party. You
- (^) I thought Jason would come round last night, but he didn´t. He _______________________(be) too busy.
- I can´t find my address book.
- It ____________________________(be) in the living room. I think I saw it there yesterday.
- These figures are all wrong. You _____________________________ (concentrate) when youadded them up.
- This box has broken. I ___________________________ (put) too many books in it.
- You _______________________ (be) thirsty after carrying all those heavy boxes up.
- I´m going to phone before I go, just in case. They __________________________(be) opentoday.
- Nigel says he met your sister in Berlin.
- But he ___________________________ (meet) her there. She´s never been there.
- This letter says you owe the bank a large sum of money. (make) a mistake! I don´t even have a bank account.- That __________________________ (be) right! They _____________________________
SPECIFYING VERB EXERCISES EXERCISE 1. Write the specifying verb which best corresponds to each of the followingsentences and write the corresponding noun form for each one, e.g: “Why don’t we have dinner out tonight?” (suggest/suggestion)
- “Yes, it was me!”
- “I’m not going to help you any more.”
- "I'm so sorry! I forgot your birthday!" my brother said to me. My brother apologised
- Samantha: "Mum, I'll be home before dark." Samantha promised
- “Well, maybe I didn’t put as much effort into the job as I could have done,” said Jim. Jim admitted
- “If I were you, I wouldn't park here," said the man. The man advised
- “Would you like a cigarette?” He offered
- “No, children, I won’t do your homework for you.” She refused
- “Gertrude, why don’t you look after the kids tonight?”
He suggested
- “Yuck! This pizza tastes awful!” She complained
- “My son can speak nine languages.” The woman claimed
EXERCISE 3. Identify which verb you should use to introduce the following sentences andthen put the sentences into reported speech.
- Mary: “I’m sorry I didn’t ring you, Rick.”
- Bruce: “No, I won’t lend you any money, Fred!”
- Me: “Why don’t we go for a walk?”
- Joe: “No, I didn’t break the glass. In fact, I haven’t been in the kitchen today.”
- Richard: “If you want, I’ll do the shopping for you today.”
- “You were the one who stole the money!”
- “Yes, it was me!”
- “I’m not going to help you any more.”
- “If you don’t do your homework, you’ll be grounded all week!”
- “Sorry I didn’t ring you at the weekend. It slipped my mind.”
- “The toilets in this building are a disgrace!”
- “Oh no! I’ve locked myself out again!”
- “Don’t forget to switch the heater off before you leave the room.”
- “Would you like a nice cup of tea?”
- “Don’t drink from that cup. It’s had bleach in it!”
- “I’d try to do a bit more exercise if I were you.”
- “I didn’t borrow your car, mum. It wasn’t me!”
EXERCISEPut the following examples of direct speech into reported speech using the specifying verb given in each case.
- “Let’s all go and have a pizza, shall we?” she said to her children. She suggested
- “I passed my driving test first time!” said Sam. Sam boasted
- (^) “Don’t tell anybody or you’ll be sorry,” Mary warned Jill. Mary warned
- “Look, I’m telling you that I didn’t break that window,” said the youth. The youth protested The youth denied
Vocabulary Lessons 10A & 10B
1.a. I need to get a/some new ___ put in.duvet b) leak c) pictures d) lighting 2.a) dyed I want to get my hair ___. b) decorated c) changed d) mended
- I got my dad to ___ the lock. a) put up b) replace c) service d) cut
- Some members of society are discriminated ___. a) to b) at c) against d) towards
- Bus drivers have to ___ with a lot of difficult people. a) treat b) deal c) stand d) put away
- The ___ suffer a lot of discrimination.
a) old people b) youth c) most d) elderly 7.a) any My two children are learning English, but ___ of them can speak it well. b) neither c) none d) no one 8.a) across I came ___ an old friend I hadn’t seen for years. b) to c) round d) by
- It was impossible to control the crowd; they were so ___. a) biased b) far-fetched c) unruly d) potential,
Complete the spaces with ONE word.
Daniela Roberts used to work for a bank but she was made (1)_________ 8 yearsago when the bank closed a number of (2)________ around the country. Her
husband, Ian, was a photographer but he was fed up with (3)_________ freelancefor lots of different newspapers. So they decided to (4)_______ up their own
business – a pizza restaurant called Daniela’s Pizza in their home town. The firstyear was very difficult and they nearly (5)_______ bankrupt, but after (6)_______
a loss in the first year they managed to make a (7)_______ in the next year. Soonthe restaurant was so popular that they thought it was time to (8)_______ the
business. Two years ago they (9)________ over another restaurant and now theyrun a (10)________ of restaurants all over the south of England.
Web surfing, email and memory downloads take an environmental toll How much energy does an email take? What about a text message? How much power is needed
to keep a mobile device roaming and ready for instant Wi-Fi duty?With 1.5 billion people using the internet daily, it's clear that everyday actions such as surfing the web, sending emails and downloading and sharing documents have a planetary impact.
