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Ecuadorian graffiti
7 artist Apitatán
8 Musical genres
6 Thanksgiving Day
Passion
9 for sports
Transition words 2
Tag questions 4
Articles 5
Second Course BGU
English
Pedagogical Module 6
Curricular Threads : Communication and Cultural Awareness,
Oral Communication, Reading, Writing, Language Through the Arts
12 Teamwork 11 Reaching a goal 10 Gender equality
Countable /
uncountable nouns 3
My Free
Time
History
Art
Music
Physical Education
Adverbs of
frequency 1
Values
What are you
passionate about?
English
- Do you have a lot of free time?
- How do you spend your free time?
Work...but have fun too!
Although school is important for everyone because it prepares us for the future, it is also necessary to enjoy life outside of school. There are many healthy activities that you can do in your free time. Some teens like drawing or sketching, some like outdoor activities like sports and adventure activities, and others enjoy singing or playing a musical instrument. It is essential to know what makes your heart happy. You have to make time for those things too. Life is short, we must spend our time wisely.
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A Passion for Soccer
Soccer
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With a partner, discuss the following questions.
- Do you like soccer? Why? Why not?
- Do you play soccer?
- Where is soccer popular in the world?
- Where is soccer not popular?
Lesson A
The 2018 World Cup in Russia was watched by more than 4 billion people! This means than more than half of the world’s population watched soccer’s greatest event that year.
So, why is soccer the most popular sport in the world? There a lot of factors that should be considered. First, it is international; it is played globally instead of just in one region. Other factors like being one of the oldest games played by humans, its low cost to play, and its simplicity contribute to making it even more popular. Sports in general bring out the passion in people. It is incredible how people around the world live the sport of soccer as if it were a religion. Explaining why people feel so passionate about this sport is very hard, even for a soccer fan. It is a sport for everyone: men, women, children, adults, Africans, Americans, Europeans, Asians. It brings cultures together in a common love for a favorite sport.
Taken and adapted from: Chanis, A. (2018, June 02). 17 Reasons Why Soccer is the Most Popular Sport in the World. Retrieved from https://bit.ly/35LBEng
Vocabulary
globally. around the world
fan. someone who admires soccer or any other sport or hobby
Soccer is played in more than 200 countries.
Approximately 250 million people play soccer around the world every year.
Soccer has been an Olympic sport since 1900.
Women soccer teams have been able to play in the Olympics since 1996.
Interesting Facts
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Why is soccer the most popular sport in the world?
Communication and Cultural Awareness
Physical Education
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Discuss these questions in small groups of girls and boys.
- Does Ecuador have women soccer teams?
- Do you play soccer?
- Do girls in your hometown play soccer?
A Game to Remember
I had worked hard for a year with my soccer team Las Ñañas to prepare for this game. I was so nervous. We trained for months to play against one of the best women soccer teams in the city. Now it was time to show what we were capable of.
When the referee blew her whistle, we started running. In the first five minutes of the game, the other team had already scored a goal. The score was 1-0. But we couldn’t lose hope. We had to keep playing our best.
“Come on, ladies! We can do this!” my teammate yelled. “Give it all you have!” Her words inspired me to put in every bit of energy I had to help my team. One minute before halftime, we scored a goal. Yes! The score was tied, 1-1.
During the break between periods, we talked as a team about strategies to help us play better in the second half. These last 45 minutes would determine who would be the winner…
We started the second half full of determination. But again, within the first five minutes, the other team scored a goal. Oh no! Now it was 2-1 in favor of the other team. Two minutes later, we scored. We were tied again, 2-2. The next 38 minutes went by with no goal for anyone. The referee announced that we had 2 extra minutes to play. It was now or never…
The other team kicked the ball and I stopped it with my foot. This was my chance. I gathered all my strength and started sprinting down the field. There were no players from the other team: just me and the goalie. I had one second to shoot the ball. I focused on the goal and kicked as hard as I could. And…it went in!! All my teammates ran to me and hugged me. It was one of the happiest days of my life.
That day I realized that a soccer game is a lot like life: sometimes we win and sometimes we lose. But more important than that, we learn how to work as a team and never give up.
Do you think women and men can play sports equally?
Reading
Scan the reading. Circle the correct answer.
a. This reading describes a soccer game.
b. This reading presents the process of how to play a soccer game.
This story was about a women’s soccer team. Do you think that women’s soccer is as popular as men’s soccer? Why or why not? How can women’s sports become more popular?
Vocabulary
referee. someone who administers the rules of a game or sport
whistle. a device used to send signals
gathered. collected, put together
sprinting. running a short distance very fast
give up. quit
Answer the questions below in your own words according to the reading.
a. Who scored the first goal?
b. What happened during the break?
c. Who scored the last goal?
d. How is life like soccer?
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Writing
What is the most memorable day of your life?
A Memorable Experience
Think about the most memorable day of your life. This could be when you participated in a sports event, or went on a trip, or celebrated a birthday, or any other day that you remember as being very happy.
You are going to write a short narrative about that day. A narrative is a genre of writing that tells a story. Follow the steps below.
Step 1. Write a topic sentence.
A topic sentence introduces your reader to your topic and gives the overall impression of the situation you are describing.
Topic:
Title:
Topic sentence:
Step 2
Think about the topic for one or two minutes. Brainstorm some details. Then write each new idea in a small circle. Use this format for clustering ideas.
Step 3. Supporting sentences
A narrative also has supporting sentences; they provide details, which makes your writing rich and interesting. The more details you include, the more clearly the reader will imagine what you are describing. The details should appeal to the five senses. They should tell the reader how something looks, smells, sounds, feels, and tastes. Use a lot of adjectives in your descriptions. Add some to your ideas in the graphic above.
Step 4
Write a short narrative of 85-100 words. Remember to include all the details you can so that you transport the reader to that memorable moment.
A Narrative
Topic:
Title:
Topic:
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Sometimes our free time activities can cause us injuries. Has that ever happened to you? As a class, discuss some injuries you have suffered while doing your favorite activities.
Role Play in Pairs
Imagine you have an accident while playing a soccer game. You broke your arm and you twisted your wrist. You go to see a doctor. Explain to the doctor what happened. Student A is the injured person and student B is the doctor.
How do you feel?
Oral Communication
Adverbs of Indefinite Frequency
100% always, constantly
usually, normally
frequently, regularly
often
50% sometimes
occasionally
rarely, infrequently
seldom
hardly ever
0% never
Adverbs of indefinite frequency mainly go in the middle of a sentence before the main verb (except the verb “to be”).
- We usually go shopping on Sunday.
- I have often eaten soup when I have a cold.
- She is always on time.
Grammar Note
Getting Medical Attention
In pairs, observe these pictures and describe what you see. Then discuss the following questions:
Picture #
- What happened to him?
- Do you think he got injured?
Picture #
- What happened to the girl?
- What type of injury does she have? Freepik
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When exercising or practicing a sport or a hobby, people can suffer accidents or injuries. Listen to two people calling to ask for medical assistance and answer the questions that follow.
Conversation #
- Where did the boy get injured?
- What part(s) of his body did he injure?
- How often does he wear a helmet?
Conversation #
- What was the girl playing when she got hurt?
- What part of her body got hurt?
- Has the girl taken medicine?
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What would be your own personal theme song?
Inspirational Music
Communication and Cultural Awareness
Lesson B
Interview a family member or a teacher, search on the internet or in newspapers about the last three Fifa World Cups and complete the following information.
Host country
Year
Mascot
Name of the song
Winner country
Many important events have their own theme song. Do you know any of them? Discuss this as a class. What do you think these types of songs have in common?
Live It Up by Nicky Jam feat. Will Smith & Era Istrefi (Official Song of the 2018 FIFA Russia World Cup)
Chorus Aye, aye here we go aye This is the time of our lives Aye, aye here we go aye This is the time of our lives
Amazing can this be real It’s like I’m living a dream But it’s how everyone feels We celebrate with one feel So let’s wave our hands, we can sing, we can dance I don’t want this to end Feels so good, feel so real
Chorus I love this moment right now No one could take it away So let it happen and how It’s why I cherish each day So let’s wave our hands, we can sing, we can dance I don’t want this to end Feels so good, feel so real
Chorus Ayah what we see, ayah destiny Ayah realize now we know the greatest Oooh, oooh, oooh, oooh Oooh, oooh, oooh, oooh
Chorus
Music
Wikipedia / Anton Zaitsev
Wikipedia
Answer the following questions in groups of 4-5 students.
- What is the main message of this song?
- Do you find this song to be inspirational? Why or why not?
- Has Ecuador ever participated in a Fifa World Soccer Cup?
- When and where is the next Fifa World Soccer Cup?
- Who was the winner in 2018?
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René Magritte
Flickr / Jacqueline Nonkels
The Son of Man by René Magritte
Flickr / Lou Stejskal
Some people enjoy looking at or doing art in their free time. In small groups of 4-5 students, discuss the following questions.
- Do you prefer to look at art or do it yourself?
- What type of art do you prefer?
- What value do you think art has for society?
In groups of three, you will prepare a PPT or a paper poster exposition about Rene Magritte’s artwork and biography. Look for information on the internet and in other sources.
- Who was Rene Magritte?
- What is Surrealism? What are the most common characteristics of surrealist artwork?
- Compare René Magritte’s artwork and Yayoi Kusama’s artwork. Which one do you like more? Why?
Do you like surrealist art?
Language Through the Arts
Art
In 50-60 words you are going to describe what you see in the painting. Be as precise as possible; include all the colors, shapes and objects. Then give your opinion of it.
The Son of Man is a self-portrait by surrealist René Magritte that was painted in 1964 and currently belongs to a private collection.
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Five Fun Facts About Bikes
Vocabulary
bumpy. not smooth, with a lot of movement
sail. part of a boat made from cloth
Oral Communication
How would you feel if you returned to your hometown after being away for many years?
Discuss the following questions with a partner.
- Do you like bicycles?
- Do you know how to ride a bicycle?
- Do you have a bicycle?
Observe these pictures and describe what you see? What are they? Compare them with bicycles today. How are they different?
Wikipedia / Gun Powder
Wikipedia / Agnieszka Kwiecień Wikipedia / Chris 73
Listen to a person talk about five fun facts about bikes and answer the questions that follow. From the information in the audio, explain how bikes have evolved over time.
Which of the bikes mentioned in the reading would you like to ride? Why?
Role Play. At the bike store
Pretend you want to buy a new bicycle. You enter a bike store. Student A is going to buy a new bicycle and student B is the seller.
The sounds of /ʃ/ or /ʒ/
How are -tion and -sion pronounced?
English pronunciation can be difficult, especially because rules are usually not always 100% applicable. However, in this case, these rules work well.
- -tion: The ending -tion is always pronounced with /ʃ/ (pronunciation, definition) unless it is preceded by the letter s, in which case it is said as /tʃ/ (question).
- Vowel + -sion: The ending -sion is always pronounced /ʒ/ when it’s preceded by a vowel (conclusion, decision).
- -ssion. Always pronounced as /ʃ/ (passion, mission).
- Consonant + -sion: If the ending -sion is preceded by a consonant, it is pronounced with /ʃ/ (repulsion, tension).
Watch your pronunciation!
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Writing
Informative Paragraph
What are the benefits of your favorite hobby?
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As a class, brainstorm some common hobbies and the benefits associated with them. Do you practice any of them?
You are going to write an informative paragraph about the benefits of your favorite hobby. Follow the steps below.
Step1.
Write a topic sentence. This sentence contains the sport and its three main benefits mentioned briefly.
Step 2.
Write details about each benefit.
Benefit #1:
Benefit #2:
Benefit #3:
Step 3.
Think of a concluding sentence that sums up the rest of your paragraph.
Step 4.
Write a 70-80 word paragraph where you present three benefits to support your topic sentence.
Benefits of
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Assessment
Achievement Level - Reading
Individual activity
2 Read the text and complete the activity that follows.
Achievement Level - Writing
Individual activity
1 Write a 60-70 word paragraph about the benefits of riding a bicycle.
Yoga in Your Kitchen
Yoga is an ancient practice that involves meditation. It provides three mental and physical benefits: a better body image, becoming a conscious eater, and helping to lose or maintain weight.
First, yoga develops a better body image. It focuses your attention on your body’s abilities at the present moment. It helps develop breathing and strength of mind and body. It’s not about physical appearance. Second, yoga helps you to become a mindful eater. Mindfulness means focusing your attention on what you are experiencing in the present moment without judging yourself. Researchers say mindful eating is a nonjudgmental awareness of the physical and emotional sensations associated with eating. Finally, yoga helps with weight loss and maintenance. People who practice yoga are mindful eaters who pay more attention to their bodies. They may be more sensitive to feeling full. Researchers found that people who practiced yoga and were overweight actually lost weight. Those who practiced yoga had lower body mass indexes (BMIs) compared with those who did not practice yoga. They attributed this to mindfulness.
So practicing yoga is definitely beneficial to your health. And you can do it almost anywhere…in your bedroom, in your garden…even in your kitchen!
Taken and Adapted from: Publishing, H. H. (n.d.). Yoga – Benefits Beyond the Mat. Retrieved from https://bit.ly/2EIneci
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Project 1
Hobbies Across Generations
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You are going to do a little research with people from different generations to see if the hobbies that you have are similar to the ones your parents or grandparents have. To do this, follow these steps.
Step 1
Form groups of 4-5 students. Brainstorm some ideas that you already have about hobbies in different generations. Take some notes.
Step 2
Develop some questions to interview family members and friends in your generation and older generations (your parents and your grandparents). You should write these questions in English, even though you will ask them in the language your interviewee knows.
Step 3
After class, each group member should interview at least one person from your generation, your parents’ generation and one person from your grandparents’ generation. Write down their answers.
Step 4
After having the answers to the interview questions, in your groups, combine your answers. Do you have many things in common between the members of the same generations?
Step 5
Prepare a PowerPoint or poster presentation in which you present your results. The presentation should be all in English and include visual aids to make it more interesting.
Step 6
As a class, decide if there are common hobbies for the different generations. Did anything you discovered surprise you?
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Remember the adverbs of frequency from the first half of the module. Using five of them, write a paragraph of 60-70 words about what you like to do in your free time and with what frequency.
Grammar/Writing
In pairs, discuss a memorable event in your life. It could be a competition, a vacation, or a game. Ask and answer questions with your partner.
Speaking
Reflect on the readings you did during the first half of this module. Which one had the most impact on you and why?
I really liked
because
Reading
Let's Review
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The Beauty of Opera
Oral Communication
What’s opera?
In pairs, discuss the following questions
- What is opera?
- Have you ever listened to opera?
- What is theatre?
- Have you ever seen or acted in theater?
- What is your favorite type of music?
Vocabulary
seamstress. someone who makes or mends dresses
What are articles?
Articles are words that define a noun as specific or unspecific. There are definite or indefinite articles.
The indefinite article is a / an. It is used when we don’t specify the things or people we are talking about:
- I work in a factory in Machala.
- I borrowed an eraser from a classmate sitting next to me.
The definite article is the. It is used for a specific object that both the person speaking and the listener know.
- The motorcycle over there is fast.
- The president of Ecuador is giving a speech tonight.
Grammar Note
Listen to an interview with Marco Antonio. Decide if each of the statements are True (T) or False (F) depending on what you hear.
- Marco Antonio always loved opera. T F
- He attended a summer technical T F school.
- Opera is a combination of singing T F and theater.
- The first opera that Marco Antonio T F sang was “La Bohème”.
- The opera “La Bohème” takes T F place in Paris.
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Wikipedia / Florida Grand Opera
Wikipedia / Quincena Musical
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What musical genres do you know?
Reading
Music
Rock vs. Opera
Opera is an art form where a performer enacts some dramatic work. It has many components of theater, like acting and costume. Rock music is a whole genre that mainly incorporates the use of heavy metal, like electric bass guitars and drums, accompanied by keyboard sounds from pianos and synthesizers.
In its most basic form, opera cannot be classified as a distinct musical genre but rather some form of theatrical drama. Even though rock music, like opera, can be used to tell a story, it may not always have lyrics. Rock concerts are more commonly performed outdoors. In contrast, opera shows are almost always indoors in a theater or auditorium.
Opera is famous for great classical music, costumes, and scenery. There are usually many performers in an opera. However, this not the case with rock; a band will normally have four or five members. It is common in rock shows for singers to dance, but in opera, the main performers do not.
There is a notable difference in how opera and rock singers use their voice. An opera singer will usually develop his voice more fully than a rock singer. Given the fact that rock music centers on instruments more than vocals, most rock singers do not even need to study music, unlike opera singers who almost certainly study music formally.
Taken and adapted from: Kivumbi. (2011, July 28). Difference Between. Retrieved from https://bit.ly/3j5O9hg
Musical Genres
How much do you know about rock and opera? Form groups of 4 students, if possible two girls and two boys. Decide if you agree or disagree with the following sentences.
Agree Disagree
- Opera is mostly art and drama.
- Rock uses heavy instruments, especially guitars.
- Opera is often performed indoors in theaters and auditoriums
- Rock concerts are commonly held outdoors.
- Costume and scenery are a component of opera.
- Rock does not have a particular clothing style for singers.
Opera
Flickr/California Musical Theatre
Rock
Flickr / Dr_zoidberg
Notice the use of words that establish contrast in the reading. These include even though, in contrast, and however. These words connect two ideas that are opposite each other.
Grammar Note
Vocabulary
indoors. taking place within a building
outdoors. taking place in the open air
costumes. outfits
After having read “Rock vs. Opera”, draw a Venn Diagram in your notebook comparing rock and opera. Non-Commercial Licence
