Manual del postulante, Resúmenes de Ingeniería Civil

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Pæockf 6Pæockf 6

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f.f. Zhst jh af gimputfjirf<Zhst jh af gimputfjirf< .............................................................................................................................................................................................. :: n.n. Ckstfafgc÷k jha sietwfrh jh mikctirhi<Ckstfafgc÷k jha sietwfrh jh mikctirhi< ...................................................................... 8...................................................................... 8 g.g. Gfpturf jh su cjhktcecgfgc÷k efgcfa<Gfpturf jh su cjhktcecgfgc÷k efgcfa< ............................................................................................................................................................ ??

7.7. FGZCUCJFJHW HA JÍF JHA HTFMHKFGZCUCJFJHW HA JÍF JHA HTFMHK .......................................................................................................................................................................... 6?6?

f.f. CkorhCkorhsisi ff afaf vcjhivcjhi gikehgikehrhkgcfrhkgcf<< ........................................................................................................................................................ 6464 n.n. ^hkjc^hkjcrr haha hxfmhkhxfmhk<< ....................................................................................................................................................................................63..........

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Pæockf 7Pæockf 7

.8.>.8. Xkf vhz quhXkf vhz quh ha pistuafkth sh futhktcgf, fgghjhræ f su fuaf girrhspikjchkth quhha pistuafkth sh futhktcgf, fgghjhræ f su fuaf girrhspikjchkth quh sh mistrfræ hk af paftfeirmf. Ckorhsfr.sh mistrfræ hk af paftfeirmf. Ckorhsfr.

>.5.>.5. FGZCUCJFJHW FKZHW JHA JÍF JHA HTFMHKFGZCUCJFJHW FKZHW JHA JÍF JHA HTFMHK

Gufkji ckorhsf f su fuaf, jhnhGufkji ckorhsf f su fuaf, jhnh gumpacr gik afs fgtcvcjfjhs fkths jha hxfmhk.gumpacr gik afs fgtcvcjfjhs fkths jha hxfmhk.

f.f.

n.n.

g.g.

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Pæockf :Pæockf :

f.f. Zhst jh af gimputfjirf<Zhst jh af gimputfjirf< Fa jfr gacgFa jfr gacg hkhk Zhst jh gimputfjirf,Zhst jh gimputfjirf, sh fnrcræ ukf kuhvf vhktfkf pfrf afsh fnrcræ ukf kuhvf vhktfkf pfrf af hvfaufgc÷k jh su gimputfjirf, hk ha gufahvfaufgc÷k jh su gimputfjirf, hk ha gufa ah ckjcgfræ sc su hqucpi tchkh afsah ckjcgfræ sc su hqucpi tchkh afs gfrfgthrístcgfs næscgfs y khghsfrcfs pfrf rhkjcr ha hxfmhk sck jcecguatfjhs.gfrfgthrístcgfs næscgfs y khghsfrcfs pfrf rhkjcr ha hxfmhk sck jcecguatfjhs.

Zhkhr hk guhktf< Hstf fpacgfgcZhkhr hk guhktf< Hstf fpacgfgc÷k siafmhkth hs gimpftcnah gik kfvhofjirhs<Gdrimh, Mizcaaf Ecrheix y Iphrf.Gdrimh, Mizcaaf Ecrheix y Iphrf.÷k siafmhkth hs gimpftcnah gik kfvhofjirhs< c.c. Fa jfr gacg fa hkafgh, kis fnrcræ f ukf kuhvf vhktfkf y hmhrohræ ukFa jfr gacg fa hkafgh, kis fnrcræ f ukf kuhvf vhktfkf y hmhrohræ uk phquhöi fvcsi siacgctfkji phrmcsis pfrf ha usi jh ais jcspisctcvis jhphquhöi fvcsi siacgctfkji phrmcsis pfrf ha usi jh ais jcspisctcvis jh su hqucpi<su hqucpi<

Jfr gacg hkJfr gacg hk Phrmctcr.Phrmctcr. F giktckufgc÷k, sh muhstrf af scouchkth vhktfkf<F giktckufgc÷k, sh muhstrf af scouchkth vhktfkf<

cc.cc. Jfr gacg hk ha nit÷kJfr gacg hk ha nit÷k pfrf hmphzfr af hvfaufgc÷kpfrf hmphzfr af hvfaufgc÷k<<

✗✗ Xkf vhz thrmckfjf af hvfaufgc÷k jhaXkf vhz thrmckfjf af hvfaufgc÷k jha hqucpi, sh mistrfræk afshqucpi, sh mistrfræk afs inshrvfgcikhsinshrvfgcikhs jh ais rhqucsctis khghsfrcis pfrf rhkjcr ha hxfmhk, auhoi jh guamckfr gik afjh ais rhqucsctis khghsfrcis pfrf rhkjcr ha hxfmhk, auhoi jh guamckfr gik af hvfaufgc÷k, ghrrfr af vhktfkf y viavhr fhvfaufgc÷k, ghrrfr af vhktfkf y viavhr f af paftfeirmf vcrtufa).af paftfeirmf vcrtufa). ✗✗ Hs cjhfa quh hk tijis ais runris hvfaufjis sh inthkof ha giair UH^JH.Hs cjhfa quh hk tijis ais runris hvfaufjis sh inthkof ha giair UH^JH. ✗✗ Hk ha gfsi jh dfnhr faoukfHk ha gfsi jh dfnhr faoukf inshrvfgc÷k (suohrhkinshrvfgc÷k (suohrhkgcf) sh kitcecgfræ gik ha giairgcf) sh kitcecgfræ gik ha giair FMF^CAAI.FMF^CAAI.

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Pæockf 5Pæockf 5

F giktckufgc÷k, sh mistrfræ af scouchkth vhktfkf<F giktckufgc÷k, sh mistrfræ af scouchkth vhktfkf<

cc.cc. Jfr gacg hk af gflhtcaaf jh ‑ZJfr gacg hk af gflhtcaaf jh ‑Zãrmckis y gikjcgcikhsãrmckis y gikjcgcikhs”, auhoi”, auhoi jfr gacgjfr gacg hk ha ígiki jhhk ha ígiki jh ‑Jhsgfrofr”.‑Jhsgfrofr”. Wh jhsgfrofræ, hk af pfrth ckehrcir czquchrjf jh su pfktfaaf (iWh jhsgfrofræ, hk af pfrth ckehrcir czquchrjf jh su pfktfaaf (i

nusgfr hk af gfrphtf jh jhsgfrofs jhnusgfr hk af gfrphtf jh jhsgfrofs jh su gimputfjirf).su gimputfjirf).

ccc.ccc. Xkf vhz jhsgfrofji, jfr gacg pfrf ckstfafr y sh fnrcræ af scouchkthXkf vhz jhsgfrofji, jfr gacg pfrf ckstfafr y sh fnrcræ af scouchkth vhktfkf<vhktfkf<

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Pæockf ?Pæockf?

cv.cv. Jfr gacg hk Hlhgutfr yJfr gacg hk Hlhgutfr y sh ckstfafræ futimætcgfmhksh ckstfafræ futimætcgfmhkth.th.

Xkf vhz eckfaczfji afXkf vhz eckfaczfji af ckstfafgc÷k, sh mistrfræ ha scouchkth gufjri.ckstfafgc÷k, sh mistrfræ ha scouchkth gufjri.

v.v. Jfr gacg hk Ghrrfr. S viavhr f af paftfeirmf jha hxfmhk vcrtufaJfr gacg hk Ghrrfr. S viavhr f af paftfeirmf jha hxfmhk vcrtufa

g.g. Gfpturf jh su cjhktcecgfgc÷k efgcfa<Gfpturf jh su cjhktcecgfgc÷k efgcfa< c.c. Fa jfr gacg hkFa jfr gacg hk hstf ipgc÷k sh fnrcræ ukf kuhvf vhktfkf pfrf prighjhrhstf ipgc÷k sh fnrcræ ukf kuhvf vhktfkf pfrf prighjhr fa rhocstri ncimãtrcgi.fa rhocstri ncimãtrcgi.

Hk hstf kuhvf vhktfkf Wmiwa Hkriaamhkt siacgctfræ ha phrmcsi jhHk hstf kuhvf vhktfkf Wmiwa Hkriaamhkt siacgctfræ ha phrmcsi jh utcaczfr af gæmfrf.utcaczfr af gæmfrf.

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Pæockf 3Pæockf 3

cv.cv. Prighjhr f timfr af prcmhrf y shoukjf eiti, jfkji gacg hk ha ígikiPrighjhr f timfr af prcmhrf y shoukjf eiti, jfkji gacg hk ha ígiki jh af gæmfrf (uncgfrsh tfa y gimi sh muhstrf hk af cmfohk jhjh af gæmfrf (uncgfrsh tfa y gimi sh muhstrf hk af cmfohk jh rhehrhkgcf).rhehrhkgcf). v.v. Pfrf af thrghrf eiti hmhrohræ uk mhksflh jfkji fvcsi quh hk afPfrf af thrghrf eiti hmhrohræ uk mhksflh jfkji fvcsi quh hk af gfpturf jh af thrghrf eiti jhnh mistrfr sugfpturf jh af thrghrf eiti jhnh mistrfr su jigumhkti jh cjhktcjfj.jigumhkti jh cjhktcjfj.

Jfr gacg hk Fghptfr y prhshktfr su JKC gimi sh ckjcgf hk af scouchkthJfr gacg hk Fghptfr y prhshktfr su JKC gimi sh ckjcgf hk af scouchkth cmfohk.cmfohk.

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Pæockf 60Pæockf 60

Auhoi jh af thrghrf gfpturf jh su JKC sh fkfaczfræk afs cmæohkhsAuhoi jh af thrghrf gfpturf jh su JKC sh fkfaczfræk afs cmæohkhs gfpturfjfs.gfpturfjfs.

vc.vc. Ghrrfr af phstföf jh rhsuatfjis jha fkæacscs jh afsGhrrfr af phstföf jh rhsuatfjis jha fkæacscs jh afs cmæohkhs.cmæohkhs. vcc.vcc. Fscmcsmi, pijræ rhvcsfr afs eitis gfpturfjfs yFscmcsmi, pijræ rhvcsfr afs eitis gfpturfjfs y hk gfsi ki dfyfhk gfsi ki dfyf timfji nchk faoukf jh sus jis eitis y/i af eiti jh su JKC, jhnhtimfji nchk faoukf jh sus jis eitis y/i af eiti jh su JKC, jhnh rhphtcr ha prighjcmchktirhphtcr ha prighjcmchkti jfkji gacgb hkjfkji gacgb hk ha nit÷k jh af gæmfrf giairha nit÷k jh af gæmfrf giair rili, hk gfsi giktrfrci jfr gacg hk ha nit÷k vhrjh jhrili, hk gfsi giktrfrci jfr gacg hk ha nit÷k vhrjh jh Fghptfr.Fghptfr.

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Pæockf 6>Pæockf 6>

x.x. Hmhrohræ ukf kuhvf vhktfkf siacgctfkji phrmcsis jh usi jh afHmhrohræ ukf kuhvf vhktfkf siacgctfkji phrmcsis jh usi jh af gæmfrf, jhnh jfr gacg hkgæmfrf, jhnh jfr gacg hk PhrmctcrPhrmctcr..

xc.xc. Gufkji hktrhmis fa hxfmhk, sh afkzfræ af dhrrfmchktf jh Wmiwa jhGufkji hktrhmis fa hxfmhk, sh afkzfræ af dhrrfmchktf jh Wmiwa jh mfkhrf futimætcgf. Ha kfvhofjir kis siacgctfræ phrmcsi pfrf afkzfrmfkhrf futimætcgf. Ha kfvhofjir kis siacgctfræ phrmcsi pfrf afkzfr af fpacgfgc÷k. Jfr gacg hkaf fpacgfgc÷k. Jfr gacg hk Fnrcr WmiwaGM.Fnrcr WmiwaGM.

Hmhrohræ itrf vhktfkf gik ckjcgfgc÷k quhHmhrohræ itrf vhktfkf gik ckjcgfgc÷k quh ha priorfmf euh gfrofjiha priorfmf euh gfrofji girrhgtfmhkth.girrhgtfmhkth.

Jfr gacg hkJfr gacg hk Fghptfr.Fghptfr.

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Pæockf 67Pæockf 67

Wh fgtufaczfræ af pæockf jh af paftfeirmf vcrtufa föfjchkji haWh fgtufaczfræ af pæockf jh af paftfeirmf vcrtufa föfjchkji ha mikctirhi gik uk símniai jh gdhgb vhrjh, ha gufa ckjcgf quh hamikctirhi gik uk símniai jh gdhgb vhrjh, ha gufa ckjcgf quh ha scsthmf hstæ eukgcikfkji jh mfkhrfscsthmf hstæ eukgcikfkji jh mfkhrf girrhgtf.girrhgtf.

xcc.xcc. Jfr gacg hk Uiavhr fa gursi.Jfr gacg hk Uiavhr fa gursi.

Zrfs dfnhr afkzfji afZrfs dfnhr afkzfji af dhrrfmchktf, ha scsthmf gimhkzfræ f gfrofrshdhrrfmchktf, ha scsthmf gimhkzfræ f gfrofrsh hk af pfrth ckehrcir jhrhgdf jh su pfktfaaf mistrfkji ha scouchkthhk af pfrth ckehrcir jhrhgdf jh su pfktfaaf mistrfkji ha scouchkth ígiki.ígiki.

Hs cmpirtfkth quh hsth rhgufjri fpfrhzgf hk tiji mimhkti jh afHs cmpirtfkth quh hsth rhgufjri fpfrhzgf hk tiji mimhkti jh af hvfaufgc÷k, yf quh ckjcgfræ quh af fpacgfgc÷k jh mikctirhi hstæhvfaufgc÷k, yf quh ckjcgfræ quh af fpacgfgc÷k jh mikctirhi hstæ iphrfkji jh mfkhrf girrhgtf.iphrfkji jh mfkhrf girrhgtf. Pir kckoük mitcvi sh jhnh ghrrfr hstf fpacgfgc÷kPir kckoük mitcvi sh jhnh ghrrfr hstf fpacgfgc÷k (WmiwaGM)(WmiwaGM) jurfkth tiji ha hxfmhk.jurfkth tiji ha hxfmhk.

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Pæockf 68Pæockf 68

Hstf vhktfkf fpfrhghræ hk af pfrth ckehrcir jhrhgdf jh af pfktfaaf yHstf vhktfkf fpfrhghræ hk af pfrth ckehrcir jhrhgdf jh af pfktfaaf y hshs muy cmpirtfkthmuy cmpirtfkth quhquh KI GCH^^HKI GCH^^H jurfkth ha trfksgursi jh afjurfkth ha trfksgursi jh af fgtcvcjfj.fgtcvcjfj. XkfXkf vhzvhz thrmckfjithrmckfji susu hxfmhkhxfmhk hstfhstf shsh ghrrfræghrrfræ futimætcgfmhkth.futimætcgfmhkth.

Inshrvfgc÷k< Pfrf ha hxfmhk jhInshrvfgc÷k< Pfrf ha hxfmhk jh pruhnf sh mistrfræk 8 prhouktfs.pruhnf sh mistrfræk 8 prhouktfs. xvc.xvc. GufkjiGufkji dfyfdfyf thrmckfjithrmckfji jhjh rhkjcrrhkjcr afaf pruhnf,pruhnf, jfrjfr gacggacg hkhk Zhrmckfr ckthkti…Zhrmckfr ckthkti…

xvcc.xvcc. Auhoi dfghr gacg hk Hkvcfr tijiAuhoi dfghr gacg hk Hkvcfr tiji y thrmckfr.y thrmckfr.

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Pæockf 65Pæockf 65

xvccc.xvccc. Hmhrohræ ukf phquhöf vhktfkf pfrf af gikecrmfgc÷k jha hkvíi.Hmhrohræ ukf phquhöf vhktfkf pfrf af gikecrmfgc÷k jha hkvíi. JfrJfr gacg hkgacg hk Hkvcfr tiji y thrmckfr.Hkvcfr tiji y thrmckfr.

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Pæockf 64Pæockf 64

7.7.7.7. Jhktri jh af vhktfkf sh mistrfræk afs fgtcvcjfjhs quh jhnh rhfaczfr ha jíf jhaJhktri jh af vhktfkf sh mistrfræk afs fgtcvcjfjhs quh jhnh rhfaczfr ha jíf jha hxfmhk, jhnh ckorhsfr prcmhri f af fgtcvcjfj jh vcjhi-gikehrhkgcf jikjh shhxfmhk, jhnh ckorhsfr prcmhri f af fgtcvcjfj jh vcjhi-gikehrhkgcf jikjh sh rhukcræ gik ha jighkth jh fuafrhukcræ gik ha jighkth jh fuaf pfrf quh sh cjhktcecquh y rhocstrh su fscsthkgcf.pfrf quh sh cjhktcecquh y rhocstrh su fscsthkgcf.

7.:.7.:. Ckorhsi f af vcjhi gikehrhkgcfCkorhsi f af vcjhi gikehrhkgcf (Dfstf afs 0?<:8)<(Dfstf afs 0?<:8)< Fa jfr gacg hk af fgtcvcjfjFa jfr gacg hk af fgtcvcjfj Ucjhi GikehrhkgcfUcjhi Gikehrhkgcf sh fnrcræ futimætcgfmhkth ukfsh fnrcræ futimætcgfmhkth ukf vhktfkf jh Oiioah Mhht, jikjhvhktfkf jh Oiioah Mhht, jikjh jhnh ckorhsfr gik su guhktf jh girrhijhnh ckorhsfr gik su guhktf jh girrhi hahgtr÷kcgi jh Oiioah (Omfca)hahgtr÷kcgi jh Oiioah (Omfca) i hmhrohræ uk gufjri hk ha gufa jhnh giaigfr sui hmhrohræ uk gufjri hk ha gufa jhnh giaigfr su kimnrh y fphaacjis tfa gimi fpfrhgh hk su JKC.kimnrh y fphaacjis tfa gimi fpfrhgh hk su JKC. Jhnh ckorhsfr gik af gæmfrf fgtcvfjf y mcgr÷eikiJhnh ckorhsfr gik af gæmfrf fgtcvfjf y mcgr÷eiki fpfofji, auhoi jfr gacg hk hafpfofji, auhoi jfr gacg hk ha nit÷k ‑nit÷k ‑Wiacgctfr ukcrshWiacgctfr ukcrsh”” .. Hsphrfr f quh ha jighkth jhHsphrfr f quh ha jighkth jh fuaf futircgh su ckorhsi.fuaf futircgh su ckorhsi.

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Pæockf 63Pæockf 63

7.8.7.8. ^hkjcr ha hxfmhk (Ckcgcf f afs 04<00^hkjcr ha hxfmhk (Ckcgcf f afs 04<00)<)< Wck ghrrfr af shsc÷k jhWck ghrrfr af shsc÷k jh vcjhi gikehrhkgcf, y hsphrfr af ckjcgfgc÷k jha jighkth jhvcjhi gikehrhkgcf, y hsphrfr af ckjcgfgc÷k jha jighkth jh fuaf pfrf rhorhsfr f af phstföf jha fuaf vcrtufa jh af IGF h ckorhsfr f af fgtcvcjfjfuaf pfrf rhorhsfr f af phstföf jha fuaf vcrtufa jh af IGF h ckorhsfr f af fgtcvcjfj ^hkjcr Hxfmhk^hkjcr Hxfmhk..

7.5.7.5. FA dfghr gacg hk af fgtcvcjfj, ckorhsfræ f ukf vhktfkf hk jikjh jhnh ahhr afsFA dfghr gacg hk af fgtcvcjfj, ckorhsfræ f ukf vhktfkf hk jikjh jhnh ahhr afs ckstruggcikhs y dfghr gacg hkckstruggcikhs y dfghr gacg hk Ckthktfr rhsiavhr ha hxfmhkCkthktfr rhsiavhr ha hxfmhk..