MODAL VERBS TEORÍA PDF, Apuntes de Inglés

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MODALS

AND

MODAL PERFECTS

Don’t worry; it’s very easy!!!

I can…

I mustn’t…

I should…

Could you…?

I’m able to…

You needn’t…

You can’t…

MODAL VERBS

 CAN/CAN’T (saber/poder)

I can speak two languages!!

You can teach me on Saturdays.

Can you drive me home?

2. Suggestion
3. Ability (present)
4. Request

She can’t pass the exam… She has no idea…

4. Certainty that something is impossible “ Be able to ”^ (ser capaz de) can be used in other verbal tenses ( I have been able to…/ I will be able to…)

MODAL VERBS

 MAY/MIGHT (puede que/podría)

Javier Bardem might/may

go to the party.

May I use your phone?

2. Probability/possibility
3. Polite request

“ Might ” (podría) es más remoto que “may” (puede que).

MODAL VERBS

 MUST (deber)/ HAVE TO (tener que)

You mustn’t lie.

Your father must be very angry

because he doesn’t want to talk to you.

You have to tidy up your bedroom.

3. Prohibition
4. Certainty that 2. Obligation/necessity something is true

• “Must” is stronger than “have to”.
• “Must” is used in present and “have to” in the other verbal tenses.

You don’t have to say anything.

4. Lack of obligation

MODAL VERBS

 SHOULD/OUGHT TO (debería)

You should/ought to talk to him.

You should/ought to phone him.

You shouldn’t laugh at him.

You shouldn`t lie to him.

1. Advice/opinion

MODAL PERFECTS

 SHOULD/OUGHT TO HAVE+ PAST PARTICIPLE

(debería haber hecho…)

 SHOULDN’T HAVE+PAST PARTICIPLE (No debería

haber hecho…)

I SHOULDN’T HAVE DRIVEN

SO FAST…

Criticism given after an event

I SHOULD/OUGHT TO

HAVE DRIVEN CAREFULLY

MODAL PERFECTS

 MAY/MIGHT HAVE+PAST PARTICIPLE (puede que

haya…/podría haber…)

JOHN MAY/MIGHT HAVE

BEEN ILL. HE IS ALWAYS ON

TIME.

A guess about a past action

MODAL PERFECTS

 COULD HAVE+ PAST PARTICIPLE (podría haber…)

I COULD HAVE TRAINED

HARDER, BUT I DIDN’T HAVE

ENOUGH TIME.

Ability to have done something

MODAL PERFECTS

 NEEDN’T HAVE+PAST PARTICIPLE (no tenías que/no

era necesario que…)

YOU LOOK TIRED. YOU NEEDN’T

HAVE WORKED SO HARD!!

An unnecessary action in the past.

THANKS FOR YOUR ATTENTION!!!