Manual de apuntes: Método Finito Elementos en Ingeniería Civil, Resúmenes de Geopolítica

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PLAXIS

CONNECT Edition V22.

PLAXIS 3D - Tutorial Manual

Last Updated: March 07, 2022

Table of Contents

• Preface: Introduction
• Chapter 1: Foundation in overconsolidated clay
• 1.1 Case A: Rigid foundation
  • 1.1.1 Create a new project
  • 1.1.2 Define the soil stratigraphy
  • 1.1.3 Create and assign material data sets
  • 1.1.4 Define the structural elements ............................................................................................................
  • 1.1.5 Generate the mesh
  • 1.1.6 Define and perform the calculation ....................................................................................................
  • 1.1.7 View the calculation results ..................................................................................................................
• 1.2 Case B: Raft foundation .......................................................................................................................................................
  • 1.2.1 Create a new project
  • 1.2.2 Create and assign a material data set
  • 1.2.3 Define the structural elements ............................................................................................................
  • 1.2.4 Generate the mesh
  • 1.2.5 Define and perform the calculation ....................................................................................................
  • 1.2.6 View the calculation results ..................................................................................................................
• 1.3 Case C: Pile-Raft foundation ..............................................................................................................................................
  • 1.3.1 Create a new project
  • 1.3.2 Define the structural elements: Foundation piles .......................................................................
  • 1.3.3 Generate the mesh
  • 1.3.4 Define and perform the calculation ...................................................................................................
  • 1.3.5 View the calculation results ..................................................................................................................
• Chapter 2: Excavation in sand ...................................................................................................
• 2.1 Create a new project .............................................................................................................................................................
• 2.2 Define the soil stratigraphy ..............................................................................................................................................
• 2.3 Create and assign the material data sets .....................................................................................................................
• 2.4 Define the structural elements
  • 2.4.1 Walings and Struts .....................................................................................................................................
  • 2.4.2 Ground anchors ...........................................................................................................................................
  • 2.4.3 Pile sheet walls and loads
• 2.5 Generate the mesh
• 2.6 Define the calculation
  • 2.6.1 Execute the calculation
• 2.7 Results
• Chapter 3: Loading of a suction pile
• 3.1 Create a new project .............................................................................................................................................................
• 3.2 Define the soil stratigraphy ..............................................................................................................................................
• 3.3 Create and assign the material data sets .....................................................................................................................
• 3.4 Define the structural elements
  • 3.4.1 Create a suction pile ..................................................................................................................................
  • 3.4.2 Create helper objects for local mesh refinements
• 3.5 Generate the mesh
• 3.6 Define the calculation
  • 3.6.1 Execute the calculation
• 3.7 Results
• Chapter 4: Construction of a road embankment [ADV]
• 4.1 Create a new project .............................................................................................................................................................
• 4.2 Define the soil stratigraphy ..............................................................................................................................................
• 4.3 Create and assign the material data sets .....................................................................................................................
• 4.4 Definition of embankment and drains ..........................................................................................................................
• 4.5 Generate the mesh
• 4.6 Define the calculation
  • 4.6.1 Initial phase
  • 4.6.2 Consolidation analysis
  • 4.6.3 Execute the calculation
• 4.7 Results
• 4.8 Safety analysis .........................................................................................................................................................................
• 4.9 Using drains
• Chapter 5: Stability of a diaphragm wall excavation
• 5.1 Create a new project .............................................................................................................................................................
• 5.2 Define the soil stratigraphy ..............................................................................................................................................
• 5.3 Create and assign the material data sets .....................................................................................................................
• 5.4 Definition of the diaphragm wall
• 5.5 Generate the mesh
• 5.6 Define the calculation
  • 5.6.8 Execute the calculation
• 5.7 Results
• Chapter 6: Phased excavation of a shield tunnel [GSE] ............................................................
• 6.1 Create a new project ..........................................................................................................................................................
• 6.2 Define the soil stratigraphy
• 6.3 Create and assign the material data sets
• 6.4 Definition of structural elements .................................................................................................................................
  • 6.4.1 Create tunnel
  • 6.4.2 Surface contraction ................................................................................................................................
  • 6.4.3 Grout pressure .........................................................................................................................................
  • 6.4.4 Tunnel face pressures ...........................................................................................................................
  • 6.4.5 Trajectory
  • 6.4.6 Sequencing
• 6.5 Generate the mesh .............................................................................................................................................................
• 6.6 Define and perform the calculation
  • 6.6.1 Initial phase ................................................................................................................................................
  • 6.6.2 Phase 1: Initial position of the TBM .................................................................................................
  • 6.6.3 Phase 2: TBM advancement
  • 6.6.4 Phase 3: TBM advancement
  • 6.6.5 Phase 4: TBM advancement
  • 6.6.6 Phase 5: TBM advancement
• 6.7 Results
• Chapter 7: Rapid drawdown analysis [ULT] .............................................................................
• 7.1 Create a new project ..........................................................................................................................................................
• 7.2 Define the soil stratigraphy
• 7.3 Create and assign material data sets
• 7.4 Define the dam
• 7.5 Generate the mesh .............................................................................................................................................................
• 7.6 Define and perform the calculation
  • 7.6.1 Initial phase: High reservoir
  • 7.6.2 Phase 1: Rapid drawdown
  • 7.6.3 Phase 2: Slow drawdown
  • 7.6.4 Phase 3: Low level
  • 7.6.5 Phase 4 to
  • 7.6.6 Execute the calculation
• 7.7 Results
• Chapter 8: Dynamics analysis of a generator on an elastic foundation [ULT] ...........................
• 8.1 Create a new project ..........................................................................................................................................................
• 8.2 Define the soil stratigraphy
• 8.3 Create and assign material data sets
• 8.4 Definition of structural elements .................................................................................................................................
• 8.5 Generate the mesh .............................................................................................................................................................
• 8.6 Define and perform the calculation
  • 8.6.1 Initial phase ................................................................................................................................................
  • 8.6.2 Phase
  • 8.6.3 Phase
  • 8.6.4 Phase
  • 8.6.5 Execute the calculation
  • 8.6.6 Additional calculation with damping ..............................................................................................
  • 8.6.7 Results
• Chapter 9: Free vibration and earthquake analysis of a building [ULT]
• 9.1 Define the geometry
• 9.2 Define the soil stratigraphy
• 9.3 Create and assign material data sets
• 9.4 Definition of structural elements .................................................................................................................................
  • 9.4.1 Create a building
  • 9.4.2 Create the loads ........................................................................................................................................
  • 9.4.3 Create interfaces on the boundary ...................................................................................................
• 9.5 Generate the mesh .............................................................................................................................................................
• 9.6 Define and perform the calculation
  • 9.6.1 Initial phase ................................................................................................................................................
  • 9.6.2 Phase 1 - Building construction .........................................................................................................
  • 9.6.3 Phase 2 -Excitation ..................................................................................................................................
  • 9.6.4 Phase 3 - Free Vibration
  • 9.6.5 Phase 4 - Earthquake
  • 9.6.6 Execute the calculation
• 9.7 Results
• Appendices
• Appendix A: Calculation scheme for initial stresses due to soil weight ....................................

Foundation in overconsolidated clay

In this chapter a first application of PLAXIS 3D is considered, namely the settlement of a foundation in clay. This is the first step in becoming familiar with the practical use of the PLAXIS 3D program.

The general procedures for the creation of a geometry, the generation of a finite element mesh, the execution of a finite element calculation and the evaluation of the output results are described here in detail. The information provided in this tutorial will be utilised in the following tutorials. Therefore, it is important to complete this first tutorial before attempting any further tutorial examples.

Geometry

This exercise deals with the construction and loading of a foundation of a square building in a lightly overconsolidated lacustrine clay. Below the clay layer there is a stiff rock layer that forms a natural boundary for the considered geometry. The rock layer is not included in the geometry; instead an appropriate boundary condition is applied at the bottom of the clay layer. The purpose of the exercise is to find the settlement of the foundation.

The building consists of a basement level and 5 floors above the ground level. To reduce calculation time, only one-quarter of the building is modelled, using symmetry boundary conditions along the lines of symmetry. To enable any possible mechanism in the clay and to avoid any influence of the outer boundary, the model is extended in both horizontal directions to a total width of 75 m.

The model is considered in three different cases:

• Case A: The building is considered very stiff and rough. The basement is simulated by means of non-porous linear elastic volume elements.
• Case B: The structural forces are modelled as loads on a raft foundation.
• Case C: Embedded beams are included in the model to reduce settlements.