¡Descarga English Grammar: Conditional Sentences - Types and Exercises y más Apuntes en PDF de Inglés solo en Docsity!
CONDITIONALS!
ZERO CONDITIONAL:
Use: when the result will always happen. So, if water reaches 100 degrees, it always boils. It's a fact. I'm talking in general, not about one particular situation. The result of the 'if clause' is always the main clause. If clause (Condition) Main clause (Result) Simple Present Simple Present If I eat too much, I get fat. If you touch a fire, You get burnt. If water reaches 100 degrees It boils. The “If-clause” can be at the beginning or at the end of the sentence: If I eat too much fat, I get fat. I get fat If I eat too much fat. Exercises:
- If I wake up_ (wake up ) late, I am (be) late for work.
- If my husband cooks__ (cook), he burns__ (burn) the food.
- If Julie doesn’t wear (not wear) a hat, she _gets (get) a sunstroke.
- If children don’t eat (not eat) well, they aren’t (not be) healthy.
- If you mix__ (mix) water and electricity, you get (get) a shock.
- People _get (get) fat if they eat (eat) too many sweets.
- You get__ (get) yellow fingers if you smoke (smoke).
- If children _play____ (play) outside, they don’t (not get) overweight.
- Ice ___melts_____ (melt) if you _heat (heat) it.
- If I ____speak____ (speak) to John, he gets (get) annoyed.
1ST CONDITIONAL:
Use: it is possible to fulfil a condition which is given in the “if-clause” (possibilities, superstitions, future plans, and warnings & threats) If clause (Condition) Main clause (Result) Simple Present Will-future Infinitive Modal + infinitive If I study , I will pass the exams. If you see John tonight, Tell him to e-mail me. If Ben gets up early, He can catch the bus. The “If-clause” can be at the beginning or at the end of the sentence. If I study , I will pass the exams. I will pass the exams if I study. Exercises:
- If I study, I will pass_ the exams. (study-pass)
- If the sun shines__, we will walk to the town. (shine-walk)
- If he has_ a temperature, he will see__ the doctor. (have-see)
- If my friends come_, I will be very happy. (come-be)
- If Monica _earns____ a lot of money, she _will fly_____ to Sydney (earn-fly)
- If we travel_ to Prague, we will visit__ the castle. (travel-visit)
- If Peter wears_ sandals in the mountains, he will slip__ on the rocks. (wear-slip)
- If the students forget their homework, the lovely teacher _will be sad. (forget-be)
- If they go to “Technie”, they will listen_ to techno music. (go-listen)
- If you wait a minute, I will ask_ my supervisor. (wait-ask)
- I will get_ fat if I _eat____ too much junk food. (get-eat)
- We won’t have our picnic if it rains. (not have-rain)
- My nice teacher will be____ pissed off if I am late every day. (be-be)
- You will have_ 7 years of back luck if you _break____ a mirror. (have-break)
- If you rub_ a rabbit’s foot, it will bring_ you good luck. (rub-bring)
- You will have_ bad luck if you __open_____ an umbrella indoors. (have-open)
- If he gets me the ticket, I will go_ to the “Viñarock” festival with you. (get-go)
- I __will hurt_____ you if you _say that again! (hurt-say)
- They won’t have_ fun if they miss_ my class. (not have-miss)
- If you go__ to Bershka, I will come_ with you. (go-come)
3RD CONDITIONAL:
Use: it is impossible to fulfil a condition which is given in the “if-clause”. If clause (Condition) Main clause (Result) Past Perfect Would + have +past participle Could + have +past participle Might + have +past participle If I had studied , I would have passed the exams. If I had studied , I could have passed the exams. If I had studied , I might have passed the exams. The “if-clause” can be at the beginning or at the end of the sentence: If I had studied , I would have passed the exams. I would have passed the exams. if I had studied. Exercises:
- If the weather ___had been_____ nice, they __would have played_____ football. (be-play)
- If we _had gone____ to a good restaurant, we __would have had______ a better dinner. (go- have)
- If Michael had learnt____ more words, he would have written a good report. (learn-write)
- If the boys _had taken_____ the bus to school, they _would have arrived______ on time. (take- arrive)
- If the teacher had explained_ the homework, I __would have done_____ it. (explain-do)
- If they had waited for another 10 minutes, they _would have seen______ Messi. (wait-see)
- If the police had come____ earlier, they would have arrested the burglar. (come-arrest)
- If you _had bought____ fresh green vegetable, your salad would have tasted better. (buy- taste)
- If Alex _had invited_____ me, we __would have eaten out_____. (invite-eat out)
- If Ronaldo Nazario _hadn’t been injured______, he __would have been______ the best player in history. (not be injured-be)
- I __wouldn’t have bought_____ it if I _had known_____ it would be so difficult to use. (not buy- know)
- The traffic was so bad that it would have been_ quicker if we had walked_. (be-walk)
- They __would have told____ us if the flight __had been______ delayed. (tell-be)
- I would have told__ not to come if I _____had known_______ that the school would be closed. (tell-know)
- If I __had studied____ harder, I __would have received____ the money to go to London. (study- receive)
- If he hadn’t eaten_ a chicken burger per day, he wouldn’t have had a heart attack. (not eat-not have)
- I __would have seen_______ Extremoduro if I _had gone_____ to the festival. (see-go)
- If it hadn’t been____ for Metallica, we wouldn’t have had “Nothing else matters”. (not be- not have)
- If it hadn’t been_ for Modric, Real Madrid wouldn’t have won_ Barcelona yesterday. (not be- not win)
- We wouldn’t have told__ him if we had known__ how he would react (not tell-know)
ALTERNATIVES TO “IF”
Even if (^) It is an emphatic “if” Even if I wanted, I would not sing like Mick Jagger. As long as/providing that Meaning “but only if” I will start watching the TV in English for one hour every day, as long as/providing that I have enough time. As soon as It is used to emphasise that an event happens immediately As soon as you walk into McDonalds, you can smell hamburgers. Unless Meaning “if not” I will probably eat something healthy, unless they only have junk food. When It is used for events in the future that are certain When an advert is good, you want to buy that product **Exercises:
- Match the beginnings (1-8) of the sentences with the endings (a-h):**
- I will miss everyone c a. we might make fewer mistakes.
- I will be home by four f b. unless it rains.
- If we study hard, a c. when I leave the school.
- I will show my friends around Almagro e d. as soon as I get the money.
- I will buy a new smartphone d e. when they arrive.
- He is going to have a barbecue b f. unless the bus is delayed.
- She will go to the birthday party h g. as long as the discount is still valid.
- We will have a BigMac g h. providing that her parents lift the punishment. 2) Make the sentences true for you:
- I will buy a new ________ as soon as ___________.
- I will __________ next weekend if ________________.
- If there is enough time __________, I will ________________.
- I will go on holiday ________________ unless ___________________.
- I will change my ________________ when____________________.
- I will ________________ providing that _____________________.
- I will eat less _________________ as long as __________________________. 3) Choose the correct alternatives:
- As soon as/if you arrive, will you call me?
- If/Unless you eat better food, you won’t get sick.
- As soon as/Unless you work harder, you won’t pass the exam.
- If/When you wake up tomorrow, you’ll see snow.
- As soon as/If she liked that dish, she’ll love this one!
- If/Unless we find a taxi right now, we won’t be in time.
- Unless/If I see Francis, I’ll tell him you called.
- When/Unless you go on holiday, will you bring me some typical food?
- I will be back home providing that/even if she gives me a ride.
- When/Unless you get home we’ll watch Star Wars.
