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Prhasal Verbs, Apuntes de Idioma Inglés

Asignatura: Ingles 1, Profesor: , Carrera: Estudis Anglesos, Universidad: UV

Tipo: Apuntes

2014/2015

Subido el 03/11/2015

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List of Phrasal Verbs [email protected]
L O P V
P M E/T
abide by keep to rules, decisions, If you decide to do it, you’ll have to abide by their strict rules.
promises or agreements Si decides hacerlo tendrás que acatar sus estrictas normas.
account for explain, give a good reason The storm accounts for the plane crash.
for something La tormenta explica el accidente aéreo.
act like behave in a specific way Elena is acting like a fool today.
Elena se está comportando como una tonta hoy.
act up misbehave Both kids have been acting up all day long.
Los dos chicos se estuvieron portando mal todo el día.
add in include Please add Macarena in: she would like to go on the picnic tomorrow with
you all.
Por favor, incluyan a Macarena: ella quisiera ir al picnic de mañana con todos
ustedes.
add up I. find the total of numbers I. You made a mistake when you were adding the bill up.
Cometió un error cuando sumó la cuenta.
II. to have sense II. ”I can’t understand this. It doesn’t add up”.
”No entiendo esto. No le encuentro sentido”.
add up to result in, total It all adds up to this: she is entirely untrustworthy.
Todo se puede resumir así: ella no es para nada confiables.
allow for take into consideration, All hunters allow for the possibility of boar bites.
take into account Todo cazador tiene en cuenta las mordeduras de los jabalíes.
answer back answer a reproof impudently, Don’t answer back when your parents talk to you.
retort (colloquial) No contestes mal a tus padres cuando te están hablando.
answer up reply clearly and without Jane answered up when the visitor addressed her.
any delay Jane respondió rápidamente cuando el visitante se dirigió a ella.
answer up to have a ready reply (to) His wife answered up to every question the police asked her.
Su esposa respondió a cada pregunta que la policía le hizo.
apply for ask for something One hundred subscribers have applied for a scholarship to study
our new OM COMPANY Business Course online.
Cien suscriptores han solicitado una beca para realizar por Internet
nuestro nuevo Curso de Negocios OM COMPANY.
ask after someone ask about a person, his health, Lucy has asked after your mom.
etc. Lucy ha preguntado por la salud de tu mamá.
ask down invite (a person) to come They asked me down to talk to them.
downstairs Me pidieron que bajara a hablar con ellos.
ask for request The sales manager asked for a new extension.
El gerente de ventas solicitó un nuevo interno.
ask in invite (a person) into a house Ask your new friend in; we would all like to meet him.
(usually separated) Haz pasar a tu nuevo amigo; todos queremos conocerlo.
ask out invite (a person) to any form Barbara’s friends always ask her out.
of entertainment. Los amigos de Bárbara siempre la invitan a salir.
ask up invite (a person) to come The invalid asked Ann up to talk to her.
upstairs La inválida le pidió a Ann que subiera a hablar con ella.
back away move back slowly The robbers backed away when they saw the fierced dog.
(in the face of danger) Los ladrones retrocieron cuando vieron el perro enfurecido.
back down give up a claim The claimant backed down and was content to take his share.
(in the face of danger) El reclamante se echó atrás y quedó satisfecho con su parte.
back down from withdraw, avoid The new president never backs down from a challenge.
(in the face of danger) El nuevo presidente jamás se echa atrás ante un desafío.
back off not follow a threat, She backed off when I insisted on paying for the damages.
(give up a claim) Se retractó cuando insistí en pagar los daños.
back out break a promise Kevin promised me a trip, but he finally backed out of his promise.
Kevin me prometió un viaje pero al finalmente rompió su promesa.
back out of withdraw from He had to back out of the deal owing to his recent misfortunes.
Debió retirarse del acuerdo debido a sus últimas desgracias.
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L O P V

P M E/T

  • abide by keep to rules, decisions, If you decide to do it, you’ll have to abide by their strict rules. promises or agreements Si decides hacerlo tendrás que acatar sus estrictas normas.
  • account for explain, give a good reason The storm accounts for the plane crash. for something La tormenta explica el accidente aéreo.
  • act like behave in a specific way Elena is acting like a fool today. Elena se está comportando como una tonta hoy.
  • act up misbehave Both kids have been acting up all day long. Los dos chicos se estuvieron portando mal todo el día.
  • add in include Please add Macarena in: she would like to go on the picnic tomorrow with you all. Por favor, incluyan a Macarena: ella quisiera ir al picnic de mañana con todos ustedes.
  • add up I. find the total of numbers I. You made a mistake when you were adding the bill up. Cometió un error cuando sumó la cuenta. II. to have sense II. ”I can’t understand this. It doesn’t add up”. ”No entiendo esto. No le encuentro sentido”.
  • add up to result in, total It all adds up to this: she is entirely untrustworthy. Todo se puede resumir así: ella no es para nada confiables.
  • allow for take into consideration, All hunters allow for the possibility of boar bites. take into account Todo cazador tiene en cuenta las mordeduras de los jabalíes.
  • answer back answer a reproof impudently, Don’t answer back when your parents talk to you. retort (colloquial) No contestes mal a tus padres cuando te están hablando.
  • answer up reply clearly and without Jane answered up when the visitor addressed her. any delay Jane respondió rápidamente cuando el visitante se dirigió a ella.
  • answer up to have a ready reply (to) His wife answered up to every question the police asked her. Su esposa respondió a cada pregunta que la policía le hizo.
  • apply for ask for something One hundred subscribers have applied for a scholarship to study our new OM COMPANY Business Course online. Cien suscriptores han solicitado una beca para realizar por Internet nuestro nuevo Curso de Negocios OM COMPANY.
  • ask after someone ask about a person, his health, Lucy has asked after your mom. etc. Lucy ha preguntado por la salud de tu mamá.
  • ask down invite (a person) to come They asked me down to talk to them. downstairs Me pidieron que bajara a hablar con ellos.
  • ask for request The sales manager asked for a new extension. El gerente de ventas solicitó un nuevo interno.
  • ask in invite (a person) into a house Ask your new friend in; we would all like to meet him. (usually separated) Haz pasar a tu nuevo amigo; todos queremos conocerlo.
  • ask out invite (a person) to any form Barbara’s friends always ask her out. of entertainment. Los amigos de Bárbara siempre la invitan a salir.
  • ask up invite (a person) to come The invalid asked Ann up to talk to her. upstairs La inválida le pidió a Ann que subiera a hablar con ella.
  • back away move back slowly The robbers backed away when they saw the fierced dog. (in the face of danger) Los ladrones retrocieron cuando vieron el perro enfurecido.
  • back down give up a claim The claimant backed down and was content to take his share. (in the face of danger) El reclamante se echó atrás y quedó satisfecho con su parte.
  • back down from withdraw, avoid The new president never backs down from a challenge. (in the face of danger) El nuevo presidente jamás se echa atrás ante un desafío.
  • back off not follow a threat, She backed off when I insisted on paying for the damages. (give up a claim) Se retractó cuando insistí en pagar los daños.
  • back out break a promise Kevin promised me a trip, but he finally backed out of his promise. Kevin me prometió un viaje pero al finalmente rompió su promesa.
  • back out of withdraw from He had to back out of the deal owing to his recent misfortunes. Debió retirarse del acuerdo debido a sus últimas desgracias.

P M E/T

  • back up I. support (a claim or a person), I. All of us will back you up at the election. confirm Todos te apoyaremos en las elecciones. II. move in reverse, II. Could you please back up your car a little? reverse a car ¿Podría retroceder (dar marcha atrás a) su auto un poco? III. make a protection copy III. Before my computer crashed, I could back all my files up. Antes de que mi computadora fallara pude proteger (hacer una copia de seguridad de) todos mis archivos.
  • bail out I. rescue I. If your son runs into difficulties, who will bail him out? Si tu hijo se mete en aprietos, ¿quién lo va a salvar? II. provide money for a II. A rich friend soon came and bailed Joe out. person’s release from prison Enseguida apareció un amigo rico de Joe y pagó su fianza
  • bale out I. escape from an aeroplane I. The pilot baled out when the aircraft fell in flames. by parachute El piloto saltó en paracaídas cuando el avión se incendió. II. remove water from a vessel II. We baled out for several hours until the boat was safe. Sacamos agua durante varias horas hasta que el bote estuvo a salvo
  • bandy about discuss lightly or jokingly I don’t like to hear my secrets being bandied about. No me gusta que se anden revelando mis secretos.
  • bank on depend on We all are banking on good weather next Monday. Todos dependemos de que haga buen tiempo el próximo lunes.
  • barge in intrude (slang) We were at a private meeting when she barged in. Estábamos en reunión privada cuando ella se entrometió.
  • bark out say petulantly She barked out the salesman, ”Why don’t you leave?” Le espetó al vendedor, ”¿Por qué no se va de una vez?”.
  • be about to be on the point of He is about to leave for Costa Rica. (doing something) Está por salir para Costa Rica.
  • be after search for, want (slang) I am after the truth of this problem. Busco (Estoy detrás de) la verdad de este problema.
  • be against be opposed to I’m against buying everything they offer you. Estoy en contra de comprar todo lo que te ofrecen.
  • be away be far from home, from this I’m afraid Sheila is away for the weekend. place (for at least a night) Me temo que Sheila se fue por el fin de semana.
  • be back have returned after a long Mr. Barter will be back in half an hour. or short absence El Sr. Barter regresará en media hora.
  • be behind with be late with You are already behind with your rent. Ya te atrasaste con el alquiler.
  • be down for have one’s name written Are you down for the OM Personal final examinations? down or entered for ¿Te anotaste para los exámenes finales de OM Personal?
  • be down in have failed in (slang) Poor Mary is down in French and Maths. Pobre Mary, le fue mal (la reprobaron) en Francés y Matemáticas.
  • be for be in favour of I’m for doing nothing till the police arrive. Estoy a favor de no hacer nada hasta que llegue la policía.
  • be in be at home, be here or there I want to see Mr. Delaware. Is he in? in this or that building Necesito ver al Sr. Delaware. ¿Se encuentra aquí?
  • be in for be about to have or experience The pilot has just said that we are in for a bumpy flight. (usually something unpleasant) El piloto acaba de anunciar que vamos a tener un vuelo movido.
  • be in with be friendly with His father is in with the manager. Su padre anda bien (tiene buena relación) con el gerente.
  • be off I. go away (colloquial) I. She is off now. Call her later. No se encuentra ahora. Llámela más tarde. II. have gone bad (colloquial) II. This milk is off; throw it away. Esta leche está mal; tírala. III. be free from duty III. He promised to see me when she was off. Prometió venir a verme cuando no esté ocupado. IV. be cancelled (colloquial) IV. The meeting scheduled for tonight is now off. La reunión programada para esta noche está cancelada. V. start V. The movie is off now! ¡Ya comienza la película!

P M E/T

  • block up obstruct so as to make Bank deposits in Perú were blocked up in December 2005. access impossible Los depósitos bancarios de Perú fueron bloqueados en Diciembre de 2005.
  • blow out extinguish, put out a flame The wind blew out the candle (or The wind blew the candle out). by blowing El viento apagó la vela.
  • blow over pass All these troubles will soon blow over. Todos estos problemas pronto pasarán.
  • blow up I. destroy by explosion, explode I. Suddenly the whole barrel blew up. El barril explotó repentinamente. II. fill with air, inflate, pump up II. Laura’s father blew up all the balloons for the party. El padre de Laura infló todos los globos para la fiesta. III. become angry III. He blew up when his seceretary told him about the mistake. Estalló cuando su secretaria le comentó acerca del error. IV. arise IV. A storm suddenly blew up in the Caribbean. De pronto estalló una tormenta en el Caribe.
  • boil away I. continue boiling I. The water has been boiling away for the last ten minutes. Hace diez minutos que está hirviendo el agua. II. boil until all liquid has II. The milk has all boiled away. evaporated Se ha evaporado toda la leche.
  • boil down to can be reduced to All his ideas boil down to imaginary thoughts. (colloquial) Todas sus ideas pueden reducirse a pensamientos imaginarios.
  • boil over boil and flow over the sides The milk boiled over and there was a horrible smell of burning. of the container Se derramó la leche hervida y había un espantoso olor a quemado.
  • bone up on review, study thoroughly If you are going to Paris try to bone up on your Frenchg. Si vas a París trata de ponerte a repasar tu francés.
  • border on be near, be next to Their excitement bordered on dangerous hysteria. Su excitación estaba al límite de una peligrosa histeria.
  • bounce back recover Helen’s husband bounced back from his defeat. El esposo de Helen se recuperó de su frustración.
  • bow out of withdraw They finally bowed out of the car race. Finalmente abandonaron la carrera de autos.
  • branch out begin or develop a new business Our company branched out and has two agencies in Brazil. Nuestra empresa se expandió y tiene dos sucursales en Brasil.
  • break down I. smash, demolish I. The thieves broke down the front door. Los ladrones derribaron la puerta de entrada. II. stop functioning, II. The engine has broken down. stop working El motor ha dejado de funcionar (se ha averiado). III. collapse through ill-health III. When she heard the news, she broke down and wept. or great emotion, lose control Cuando supo las noticias se derrumbó y se largó a llorar. IV. analyse IV. Could you break down these information into age-groups? ¿Podrías distribuir estos datos por edad grupal?.
  • break in I. enter by force I. Two thieves broke in and stole the car. (also break into) Entraron dos ladrones y robaron el auto. II. interrupt someone II. I was telling Paul about Venice when she broke in. (colloquial) Le estaba contando a Paul sobre Venecia cuando ella interrumpió. III. tame, train for use III. It took many men to break in that wild horse. train to labour Domesticar a ese caballo salvaje ocupó a varios hombres.
  • break off I. separate by breaking I. He took the chocolate and broke off a piece. Tomó el chocolate y cortó un trozo. II. stop, disrupt II. Before the war some countries broke off diplomatic relations. Antes de la guerra muchas naciones rompieron sus relaciones diplomáticas.
  • break out I. escape by using force I. Several prisoners managed to break out of prison. Varios prisioneros se ingeniaron para escapar de la cárcel. II. suddenly begin wars, II. War broke out in 1939. fires, epidemics La guerra comenzó en 1939. III. appear suddenly III. The sun finally broke out and the rain stopped. Finalmente salió el sol y dejó de llover. IV. utter, exclaim IV. Suddenly he broke out into terrible curses De pronto estalló en terribles maldiciones.

P M E/T

  • break up I. break into pieces I. The old ship was broken up by the waves. El viejo barco fue desintegrado por las olas. II. stop, finish II. Classes broke up and students went back home. Terminaron las clases y los estudiantes regresaron a sus hogares. III. depart, disperse III. The police managed to break the angry crowd up. (separable when transitive) La policía se arregló para dispersar a la multitud enojada. IV. break a relationship IV. Mary and James broke up their engagement. Mary y James rompieron su compromiso.
  • breathe in inhale We went out to the garden and breathed in the fresh air. Salimos al jardín y respiramos el aire puro.
  • breathe out exhale Jane breathed out a sigh of relief when she saw her son was in. Jane exhaló un suspiro cuando vio que su hijo estaba adentro.
  • bring about cause to happen What has brought about all this disaster? ¿Qué ocasionó este desastre?
  • bring around I. persuade someone to I. Finally I brought him around to my point of view. agree with one’s proposal Finalmente pude convencerlo acerca de mi opinión. II. restore to consciousness II. This medicine will soon bring her around. Este medicamento la revivirá (hará volver en sí) pronto. III. bring to your house III. I’ll bring your book around tonight. Esta noche te llevo el libro a tu casa.
  • bring back I. recall (usually not I. He always brings back his trip to Paris. separated with a noun) Siempre añora (le viene a la mente) su viaje a París. II. return II. She brought back her four library books. Ella devolvió los cuatro libros a la biblioteca.
  • bring down lower, reduce Finally the artist brought his price down Finalmente el artista redujo el precio.
  • bring forward I. introduce, propose I. Who brought this matter forward? ¿Quién sacó (trajo a colación) este tema? II. carry figures to II. You must bring forward last month’s total on to page 25. the next page Tienes que trasladar los totales del mes pasado a la página 25.
  • bring in I. introduce I. The foreigners brought in many customs. Los inmigrantes introdujeron muchas costumbres. II. produce as profit, yield II. The sale has brought in an interesting sum. La venta rindió una suma interesante. III. earn III. His business brings in a lot of money every month. Su negocio produce mucho dinero mensualmente. IV. pronounce a verdict IV. The jury brought in a verdict of not guilty. El jurado se pronunció con un veredicto de no culpable.
  • bring off accomplish something I thought Doris couldn’t pass the FCE but she brought it off. very difficult Pensé que Doris no podría aprobar el FCE pero lo logró.
  • bring out publish When are you bringing out your next novel? ¿Cuando publicarás tu próxima novela?
  • bring up I. educate, raise, rear I. Bringing up children is never easy. Educar a los niños nunca es fácil. II. mention as a topic II. We decided to bring the matter up at the next meeting. of discussion Decidimos mencionar el tema en la próxima reunión.
  • brush up polish, revise I’m trying to brush my English up. Estoy intentando mejorar (pulir) mi Inglés.
  • brush up on refresh knowledge of, I’m traveling to Canada soon. I must brush up on my French. review Pronto viajaré a Canadá. Tengo que refrescar mis conocimientos de Francés.
  • buckle down work seriously You may fail your TOEFL exam if you don’t buckle down. Puedes fracasar en tu examen TOEFL si no te pones a estudiar en serio.
  • build on I. develop from I. The new manager wants to build on the company success. El nuevo gerente quiere tomar como base el éxito de la compañía. II. add an extension II. When the new extension is built on, the factory will be huge. to a building Cuando se construya la nueva ampliación la fábrica será enorme.
  • burn down destroy by fire The rebels burnt down all the cottages. (used of buildings) Los rebeldes incendiaron todas las casas.

P M E/T

  • cast up calculate, add The accountant will cast up all the figures in this book. El contador sumará todas las cifras en este libro.
  • catch on I. become popular; be widely I. The fashion of wearing bow ties is catching on. accepted Se está poniendo de moda usar moños de corbata. II. understand (slang) II. He saw the old lady and suddenly caught on. Vio a la anciana y comprendió de inmediato.
  • catch up with overtake but not pass, I started last but I soon caught up with the others. stop being behind Arranqué último pero pronto alcancé (me puse a la altura de) los demás.
  • cater for provide with things desired Our company caters for every kind of food for planes. Nuestra empresa provee todo tipo de alimentos para aviones.
  • check in register one’s arrival You must check in at the front desk. Tienes que registrarte en la recepción.
  • check off make a mark on a list to She checked off all the things she had packed up. indicate completed things Ella tildó (marcó) todas las cosas que había empacado.
  • check out I. register one’s departure I. Please, leave the key here when you check out. Tenga a bien dejar aquí la llave cuando se retire. II. verify, investigate II. Can you check out this information? ¿Podrías verificar esta información?
  • cheer on cheer, encourage She promised to be there to cheer us on. Prometió estar allí para darnos ánimo.
  • cheer up help someone feel less Cheer up! Everything will be all right. worried or happier ¡Alégrate! Todo va a andar bien.
  • chew out scold someone severely His father chewed him out when he arrived so late. Su padre lo reprendió severamente cuando llegó tan tarde.
  • chicken out lose the courage or confidence I was going to ask him for a job, but I chickened out. to do something Estaba por pedirle un trabajo pero no tuve el coraje.
  • chip in contribute, donate My mother is collecting donations for the cause. I’m sure you want to chip in. Mi madre está juntando fondos para la causa. Estoy seguro que quieres contribuir.
  • chop down fell; cut down by delivering They finally chopped down the old oak tree. a blow Finalmente talaron (derribaron) el antiguo roble.
  • chop up cut into small pieces She chopped the meat up for the stew. Cortó la carne en pedacitos para el guiso.
  • clam up refuse to talk about When I try to talk about her divorce, Mary just clams up. something Cuando intento hablar de su divorcio, Mary enmudece (rehusa hablar).
  • clean down brush or wask a wall, car, etc He spent all day cleaning my car down. Me pasé el día limpiando el auto.
  • clean out make clean and tidy The maid will soon clean out the cupboard. La mucama enseguida ordenará (dejará ordenado) el aparador.
  • clean up tidy This painters always clean up when they’ve finished. Estos pintores siempre dejan todo ordenado después de pintar.
  • clean up after tidy for She spent half a day cleaning up after the children. Se pasó medio día ordenando lo que dejaron los niños.
  • clear away I. remove or get rid of articles I. He cleared away (off, out) the old records.
  • clear off (in order to make space) Se deshizo de (tiró) los discos viejos.
  • clear out II. disperse II. ”You clear away (off, out) immediately”, shouted the farmer. El granjero gritó, ”¡Salga de aquí inmediatamente!”.
  • clear up I. become finer or bright I. When the weather clears up, we’ll go to the movies. Cuando mejore el tiempo iremos al cine. II. tidy up II. Please, clear up all this mess. Por favor, despeja (ordena) todo este lío de cosas. III. finish III. I have some letters to be cleared up before I leave. Tengo algunas cartas para terminar antes de irme. IV. solve a mystery IV. The detective finally cleared up the mystery. El detective finalmente resolvió el misterio. V. used when introducing V. You must clear up Customs when you come from abroad. import goods Tienes que pasar por Aduana cuando llegas de otro país.
  • clock in register one’s arrival in a clock The workmen here clock in from 6 am to 6.30 am. (in factories) Aquí los obreros marcan su entrada de 6 a 6.30 de la mañana.

P M E/T

  • clock off register one’s departure in a clock Our workmen clock off (out) at 3 pm.
  • clock out (in factories) Nuestros operarios marcan su salida a las 3 de la tarde.
  • close down shut permanently Trade here is so bad that many shops close down. El comercio aquí es tan pobre que muchos negocios cierran definitivamente.
  • close in come nearer, approach from As the mist was closing in (on) we decided to stay there.
  • close on all sides, surround Como la niebla se aproximaba decidimos quedarnos allí mismo.
  • close up I. close completely, block I. The old road has been closed up. Han clausurado la vieja ruta. II. come nearer to one another II. Please children, close up a bit for another boy on this seat. Por favor niños, júntense un poco para hacer lugar a otro.
  • cloud over become overcast Although it clouded over (up) in the afternoon, the rain stayed away and we could play in the garden.
  • cloud up Aunque se nubló por la tarde, la lluvia se mantuvo alejada y pudimos jugar en el jardín.
  • come about happen It came about that we both left Spain on the same plane. Ocurrió que los dos salimos de España en el mismo avión.
  • come across I. meet accidentally I. I met across several old friends at the meeting. En la reunión me encontré con varios viejos amigos. II. find unexpectedly, II. I will tell you if I come across the book you are looking for. by chance Te avisaré si encuentro el libro que estás buscando.
  • come along I. progress I. How is your new novel coming along? ¿Cómo anda tu novela nueva? II. hurry II. Come along now, or we’ll be late. Vamos ya o llegaremos tarde.
  • come away I. leave I. Come away now. It’s time to go home. Salgamos ya. Es hora de ir a casa. II. become detached II. The knob of the CD player came away in my hands. La perilla del reproductor de CDs se salió (cayó en mis manos).
  • come back return I shall be waiting for you when you come back. Te estaré esperando cuando regreses.
  • come down descend Mrs. Blair will come down in five minutes. La Sra. Blair bajará en cinco minutos.
  • come down to can be reduced to Your choices come down just to these two alternatives. Tus posibilidades de elección ser reducen a dos alternativas.
  • come down with become ill with My wife came down with the flu. Mi esposa cayó engripada.
  • come in I. enter I. Come into my garden and I shall show you my new roses. Ven al jardín que te mostraré mis nuevas rosas.
  • come into II. become fashionable II. Short skirts have come in this year. Este año se han puesto de moda las polleras cortas.
  • come off I. be detached I. The minute hand of my watch has come off. Se salió la aguja minutera de mi reloj. II. be successful II. Your plan has come off after all. Después de todo tu plan dió buenos resultados. III. take place III. When is the wedding coming off? Next month? ¿Cuándo es el casamiento? ¿El mes próximo? IV. be taken off, IV. This play is coming off next week. stop functioning Esta obra de teatro deja de representarse la semana que viene.
  • come out I. be revealed I. The whole truth finally came out. Finalmente se supo toda la verdad. II. be published II. Her new book will come out next week. Su nuevo libro será publicado la semana próxima. III. disappear III. Tomato stains do not usually come out. Las manchas de tomate no salen fácilmente. IV. result IV. Everything has come out as we wanted. stop functioning Todo salió como deseábamos.
  • come over come to one’s house, Come over and have tea with us. visit casually Ven a tomar el té con nosotros.

P M E/T

  • cut back on I. reduce consumption I. She is a little overweight. She should cut back on fat. Está excedida de peso. Tendría que reducir el consumo de grasa. II. reduce expenses II. The government has cut back spending. (Where was it?) El gobierno ha reducido los gastos. (¿Dónde ha ocurrido?)
  • cut down I. fell I. Finally they cut down the huge oak tree. Finalmente talaron (cortaron) el viejo roble gigante. II. reduce in size or amount II. Try to cut down your expenses. Trata de reducir (recortar) tus gastos.
  • cut in pass one car when there Never try to cut in during rush hours. It’s really dangerous. isn’t room to do it safely No trates de adelantarte a otros en horas pico. Es muy peligroso.
  • cut off I. separate by cutting I. She cut off a piece of cake for me. Cortó un pedazo de torta para mí. II. disconnect II. I was cut off in the middle of my phone conversation. Me cortaron en medio de la conversación telefónica. III. discontinue supply III. The company has cut off our electricity supply. (gas, electricity, etc) La empresa nos cortó el servicio de electricidad. IV. disinherit IV. His father cut him off without a penny. Su padre lo dejó sin un centavo de herencia. V. isolate, intercept V. You will be cut off if you go to live in that small village. Vas a quedar aisaldo si te vas a vivir a ese pueblito.
  • cut out I. remove by cutting I. Julia is cutting out a photograph of her favourite film star. Julia está recortando una foto de su estrella de cine favorita. II. omit, leave out II. If you want to get thin you must cut out sugar. Si quieres adelgazar debes eliminar el azúcar. III. stop III. Cut those jokes out, please !!! ¡¡¡Terminen con esas bromas, por favor!!!
  • cut out for be suitable for, He is cut out for a teacher. have the qualities for Tiene las cualidades perfectas para ser educador.
  • cut up cut into pieces She cut the cake up and gave each of us a piece. Cortó la torta en pedazos y nos dio un trozo a cada uno.
  • dawn on begin to appear; begin to grow After reading her letter the truth began to dawn on me. clear to the mind Después de leer su carta la verdad empezó a aclarar en mí.
  • deal in stock, sell Jennifer’s husband deals in gold and jewels. El esposo de Jennier comercia oro y joyas.
  • deal with handle successfully She is really lucky, so she can deal with this situation. Es muy afortunada, por lo tanto puede manejar esta situación.
  • decide on settle on About sales they have already decided on a course of action. Acerca de las ventas ya han definido una línea de acción.
  • die away become gradually faintier, The prisoners waited till the sound of the warder died away. disappear Los prisioneros aguardaron hasta que los pasos del guardia se extinguieron (desaparecieron).
  • die down become gradually calmer, When the excitement had died down the shop was reopened. become less Cuando se calmó la excitación se reabrió la tienda.
  • die out become extinct Blue whales could die out in a few years. La ballena azul podría extinguirse en pocos años.
  • dig up remove from the ground The pirates are digging up the treasure. by digging Los piratas están desenterrando el tesoro.
  • dispense with proceed without The chairman dispensed with formalities and took off his tie. El presidente prescindió de toda formalidad y se quitó la corbata.
  • dispose of get rid of, remove, If my parents move, they will have to dispose of their furniture. do away with Si mis padres se mudan tendrán que deshacerse de sus muebles.
  • do away with remove, destroy, abolish Modern civilisation has down away with slavery. La civilización moderna ha abolido (desterrado) la esclavitud.
  • do in I. cause to become very tired I. I slept long hours as the work in the garden had done me in. (generally used in the passive) Dormí mucho porque el trabajo en el jardín me había extenuado. II. kill, murder II. The old woman had been done in at midnight in the park. La anciana había sido asesinada a medianoche en el parque.
  • do over do something again This report is full of mistakes. You’ll have to do it over. Este informe está lleno de errores. Tendrás que rehacerlo.

P M E/T

  • do up I. fasten (shoe laces, zippers, etc.) I. She did up the zip on her dress and went out. Subió el cierre de su vestido y se fue. II. redecorate, restore II. When I do this room up I will paint the walls in stripes. Cuando redecore esta habitación pintaré las paredes a rayas.
  • do without manage in the absence of They did without food and fresh water. Sobrevivieron (se arreglaron) sin alimentos ni agua fresca.
  • double up bend over When we saw her costume we were doubled up with laught. Cuando vimos su disfraz nos descostillamos de la risa.
  • drag into involve unwillingly Please, don’t drag me into this discussion once again!! ¡¡Por favor, no me involucren en esta discusión otra vez!!
  • drag on continue tediously The sermon dragged on for over an hour. El sermón duró (resultó interminable por) más de una hora.
  • draw back retire, retreat It’s too late to draw back now; the plans are all made. Es tarde para volverse atrás; todos los planes están hechos.
  • draw into involve gradually They managed to draw me into the conversation. Se la arreglaron para ir involucrándome en la conversación.
  • draw near approach As the dentist drew near, several frightened children ran away. Cuando el dentista se acercó varios niños huyeron atemorizados.
  • draw out I. prolong something I. The speaker was so boring that he drew his speech out for over three hours. El orador era tan aburrido que estiró su discurso durante más de tres horas. II. take money out of an II. The accountant drew out an equivalent sum of cash with the company cheque. account at a bank El contador extrajo (retiró) una suma equivalente de dinero mediante el cheque. de la empresa.
  • draw up I. stop (of vehicles) I. The car drew up and the driver got out. El auto se detuvo y el conductor descendió. II. make a written plan II. My solicitor drew up the lease yesterday. compose a formal document Ayer mi abogado redactó el contrato de alquiler.
  • dream about dream of (persons, things) He always dreams about (of) going to Venice.
  • dream of Siempre sueña con ir a Venecia.
  • dress up dress elaborately Alan dressed up for the ceremony. Alan se puso de punta en blanco para la ceremonia.
  • drink up drink all of Drink your milk up before you go to be. Bebe toda la leche antes de irte a la cama.
  • drive away go away in a car She waved and drove away. Saludó y se fue (conduciendo) su auto.
  • drive up arrive in a car He drove up in a large American car. Llegó en un enorme auto americano.
  • drop behind leave behind The athlete soon dropped the other runners behind. El atleta enseguida dejó atrás a los demás corredores.
  • drop by visit informally I’d love to see you. Please try to drop by our house. Me encantaría verte. Por favor pasa por casa.
  • drop in on visit casually He dropped in on us to tell me something about the office. (unannounced visit) Pasó por casa (Nos hizo una visita de pasada) para decirme algo acerca de la oficina.
  • drop off I. fall I. In autumn leaves begin to drop off. En otoño comienzan a caer las hojas. II. fall asleep II. Many people dropped off during the long lecture. Mucha gente se quedó dormida durante la larga conferencia. III. deliver something III. Please, drop these off as you leave the office. Por favor despacha estas cartas cuando te vayas de la oficina. IV. give someone a ride IV. When Ana moves close to me I’ll be glad to drop her off. Cuando Ana se mude cerca de casa será un placer acercarla en mi automóvil.
  • drop out withdraw One runner twisted his foot in the race and dropped out. Un corredor se torció el pie durante la carrera y abandonó.
  • drum into teach by repetition In order to improve their conversational skills, OM Personal drums all sort of dialogues into the students. A fin de mejorar la comprensión oral, OM Personal machaca a sus estudiantes con todo tipo de diálogos.
  • drum up raise Veronica has drummed up support for her marketing plan. Verónica ha conseguido apoyo para su plan de mercadeo.

P M E/T

  • fall behind with fail to pay a sum of money which Jones fell behind with his payments for the car and had to borrow money. is due Jones se atrasó con los pagos del automóvil y tuvo que pedir dinero prestado.
  • fall down lose one’s balance Charles tripped over a stone and fell down. Carlos tropezó con una piedra y se cayó.
  • fall for I. be attracted by the charms I. Robert soon fell for the beautiful Monica. of (slang) Roberto enseguida se sintió atraído por la bella Mónica. II. succumb to a trick or II. He always falls for every lie his friends tell him. suggestion Se cree (traga) cualquier mentira que le cuentan sus amigos.
  • fall in with come across, meet by chance The student fell in with some young girls and went to the movies with them. El estudiante se encontró de casualidad con algunas chicas y fue al cine con ellas.
  • fall off become less, decrease Attendance at the concerts has been falling off lately. La concurrencia a los conciertos ha estado decayendo últimamente.
  • fall out with quarrel with Mrs. Davidson fell out with her neighbor Miss. Roolings. La Sra Davidson se peleó con su vecina la Srta. Roolings.
  • fall through not happen, fail a plan, miscarry A brilliant plan for a new bridge fell through after a year. not be accomplished Después de un año fracasó un brillante plan para un nuevo puente.
  • fed up with bored, tired I’m fed up with my present job. What about you? (past participle only) Estoy harto de mi trabajo. ¿Y tú?
  • feed up fatten Those turkeys have been fed up specially for Christmas. Esos pavos han sido engordados especialmente para Navidad.
  • feel like be willing to I don’t feel like going to the movies tonight. No tengo ganas de ir al cine esta noche.
  • feel up to feel able or strong enough to do Do you feel up to making that long and exhausting journey? something ¿Te sientes capaz de hacer ese largo y agotador viaje?
  • fend off repel The goalkeeper fended off most attacks but we could win. El arquero rechazó la mayoría de los ataques pero pudimos ganar.
  • ferret out search out, find with It was really hard but we managed to ferret out the information. difficulty Fue realmente difícil pero nos arreglamos para obtener la información.
  • fiddle about with waste time, fail to use You will be late if you fiddle about with your hair any longer. opportunity Llegarás tarde si sigues perdiendo el tiempo con tu pelo.
  • figure out solve, understand I can’t figure out what happened yesterday at the office. No logro entender qué ocurrió ayer en la oficina.
  • figure up calculate, compute Can you figure the total cost up? ¿Puedes calcular el costo total?
  • file down smooth or wear by filing The locksmith filed down my key so that it would fit the lock. El cerrajero limó mi llave para que entrara en la cerradura.
  • fill in add information, complete Please fill in this form by tomorrow. (forms, etc) Por favor llene este formulario para mañana.
  • fill in for substitute for, temporarily do Doris said she would fill in for me if I was sick. someone else’s work Doris dijo que me reemplazaría si me sentía mareado.
  • fill in on supply information that someone I couldn’t go to the English class yesterday. Could you fill me in on what they taught? No pude ir a la clase de inglés ayer. ¿Podrías comentarme qué enseñaron?
  • fill out I. complete (forms, etc) by adding I. I filled out the form with all my personal data. required information Completé el formulario con todos mis datos personales. II. become less thin, plump or fat, II. Maria used to be thinner, but lately she has begun to fill out. gain weight María solía ser más delgada pero últimamente ha subido de peso (engordado).
  • fill up I. make full (forms, etc) I. Fill up this form according with the instructions. Complete este formulario de acuerdo con las instrucciones. II. fill completely, make completely II. Fill up the glasses with Argentine wine and let us toast the birthday girl!! full (a container) ¡¡Llenemos las copas con vino argentino y brindemos por la cumpleañera!!.
  • filter out become public The news of Pauline’s divorce soon filtered out. by rumour, etc) Las noticias del divorcio de Pauline enseguida se hicieron públicas.
  • find out discover, learn Have you found out the title of the novel yet? ¿Ya averiguaste el título de la novela?
  • find out about get information about I found about his situation a minute ago. Me enteré de su situación hace un minuto.
  • finish up I. end (separable when transitive) I. The meeting finished up with a concerto in the garden. La reunión finalizó con un concierto en el jardín. II. end one’s career II. We must fix up the next meeting before we leave. manner Tenemos que arreglar la próxima reunión antes de irnos.

P M E/T

  • fire up become angry (colloquial) Sandra fired up when her brother told her to leave. Sandra enfureció cuando su hermano le dijo que se retirara.
  • fit in with be suited to, be suitable, be She doesn’t fit in with our group. congenial Ella no encaja en nuestro grupo.
  • fix up I. repair I. The mechanic soon fixed up the car. El mecánico reparó enseguida el automóvil. II. arrange, organise in a suitable II. We must fix up the next meeting before we leave. Tenemos que arreglar la próxima reunión antes de irnos.
  • flame out burst suddenly into flame The fire flamed out when the wind arose. El fuego estalló cuando se levantó viento.
  • flood out force to leave because of flooding Twenty villagers were flooded out yesterday. Veinte habitantes del pueblo fueron evacuados ayer.
  • fly back return by air They will fly back on Saturday afternoon. Volarán de regreso el sábado por la tarde.
  • fly over fly to where someone is After many invitations, my parents finally accepted and flew over to spend some time with us. Después de muchas invitaciones, mis padres finalmente aceptaron y volaron hasta aquí para pasar un tiempo con nosotros.
  • fold up bend or lay so that one part covers Please fold up the newspaper after reading it. the other Por favor dobla (pliega) el diario después de leerlo.
  • follow on follow after an interval Please go ahead. We will follow on when we have rested. (usually intransitive) Por favor continuen. Nosotros seguiremos cuando hayamos descansado.
  • follow up pursue to a conclusion, bring to a Diana followed up my recommendations and passed the exam. successful issue Diana siguió hasta el final mis indicaciones y pasó el examen.
  • fool around with not be serious, have as a hobby He likes to fool around in cybercafes all day. Le gusta pasar el tiempo en los cibercafés todo el día.
  • frighten into control by fear The little girl frightened her brother into obeying her. La niña asustaba a su hermano obligándolo a obedecerla.
  • frown on disapprove of Absenteeism is frowned on in most companies. El ausentismo es desaprobado en la mayoría de las empresas.
  • fumble about for feel about uncertainly with one’s He fumbled about for his key but it wasn’t in his pocket. hands Hurgó en busca de su llave pero no estaba en su bolsillo.
  • get about move from place to place, circulate Although she is over eighty, Mrs. Ballon still gets about. Aunque tiene más de ochenta años, la Sra. Ballon todavía se moviliza de un lado para el otro.
  • get across make understood, communicate The American comedian found it difficult to get his jokes across to the audience of Peruvians. something understandably Al comediante norteamericano le resultó difícil hacer entender sus chistes al público. de peruanos.
  • get ahead advance, prosper, make If he has an aptitude for that job, he is sure to get ahead. progress Si tiene condiciones para ese trabajo, seguro que prosperará.
  • get at reach The store was so crowded, it was hard to get at the food. La tienda estaba tan atestada que fue imposible acercarse la comida.
  • get along with have a friendly relationship Pablo insists that my dog doesn’t get along with his cat. Pablo insiste que mi perro no se lleva bien con su gato.
  • get around I. circulate. move about I. He is too old to get around now. Ya está demasiado anciano para circular por ahí. II. evade, avoid doing something II. She always gets around that topic about politics. Ella siempre rehuye ese tema de política.
  • get away escape I hooked a fish, but it got away. Enganché un pescado pero escapó.
  • get away with do without being caught or He got away with being late for school. punished Se quedó sin castigo (Se salvó) por sus llegadas tarde a la escuela.
  • get back I. return home I. When did you get back from Japan? ¿Cuándo regresaste de Japón? II. obtain back II. I haven’t got my old back yet. Aún no he recuperado (no me han devuelto) mi antiguo libro.

P M E/T

  • give away I. give freely (separable) I. Before dying he gave all his money away. Antes de morir regaló todo su dinero. II. distribute II. OM Personal gives away prizes every month. OM Personal entrega premios todos los meses. III. reveal III. Although I had asked Luis not to do it, he gave away my secret during the meeting. Aunque le había pedido a Luis que no lo hiciera, reveló mi secreto durante la reunión. IV. betray IV. The secret agent was given away by a co-worker. El agente secreto fue traicionado por un colaborador.
  • give back return something to its owner Today I gave back the bicycle I had borrowed. Hoy devolví la bicileta que había pedido prestada.
  • give in I. admit defeat, surrender I. The thief finally went to the Police and gave in. Finalmente el ladrón fue a la Policía y se entregó. II. hand papers, exams, books to II. ”Please, give in your examination papers now”. another person ”Por favor, entreguen sus exámenes ahora”.
  • give off send out, emit Boiled cabbage gives off an unpleasant odor. El repollo hervido desprende un olor desagradable.
  • give out distribute Who will help me to give all these books out? ¿Quién me va a ayudar a distribuir todos estos libros?
  • give up I. surrender I. The prisoners gave themselves up Los prisioneros se entregaron. II. resign II. The electrician gave up his job to become a priest. El electricista dejó su trabajo para convertirse en sacerdote. III. abandon III. Try to give up cigarettes and alcohol. Trata de dejar los cigarrillos y el alcohol.
  • give up on stop trying Helen has given up on such a terrible situation. Elena ha abandonado la lucha en tan mala situación.
  • go against oppose Don’t go against the rules. You must obey them. No vayas en contra de las normas. Tienes que respetarlas.
  • go along with agree, not resist I’m willing to go along with your idea. It looks great!! Estoy de acuerdo con tu idea. ¡¡Es fantástica!!
  • go back return Captain Meyer decided to go back to Miami this summer. El Capitán Meyer decidió regresar a Miami este verano.
  • go back on break a promise, fail to keep He never goes back on his word. one’s word Nunca se retracta de la palabra comprometida.
  • go for like a great deal Mother really goes for black chocolate. A mamá le encanta realmente el chocolate negro.
  • go in for I. be interested in I. He preferred to go in for civil engineering. El se interesó por (se especializó en) ingeniería civil. II. participate in II. Over 50,000 subscribers are going in for OM Personal courses and tutorials. Más de 50.000 suscriptores se encuentran participando de los cursos y tutoriales de OM Personal.
  • go off I. depart, leave I. She went off without saying goodbye. Se fue sin decir adiós. II. explode II. Luckily the time-bomb went off outside the station. El electricista dejó su trabajo para convertirse en sacerdote. III. be successful (parties) III. The wedding party seemed to go off very well. Parece que la fiesta de bodas tuvo mucho éxito.
  • go on I. continue I. Please go on. Don’t let me interrupt you. Por favor, continúa. No dejes que te interrumpa. II. happen II. What’s going on in this room today? ¿Qué está pasando en esta habitación hoy?
  • go out I. leave (a building, a room) I. I felt lonely after my parents had gone out. Me sentí solo después que mis padres se habían ido. II. cease burning II. The fire soon went out after we threw water on it. El fuego pronto se apagó luego de haberle arrojado agua. III. cease to be fashionable III. Long dresses have gone out this year. Los vestidos largos pasaron de moda este año. IV. go on strike IV. All the operators wet out on strike last week. Todos los operadores hicieron huelga la semana pasada. V. recede V. The tide is going out. La marea está retrocediendo.

P M E/T

  • go out with have a date with Monica went out with Carlos and Julie for New Year. Mónica salió con Carlos y Julie para Año Nuevo.
  • go over review I would like to go over the report again. Me gustaría revisar el informe nuevamente.
  • go through examine in detail Have you gone through the January report? ¿Has examinado en detalle el informe de enero?
  • go through with fulfill, carry out, continue until The architect went through with his controversial rounded design for a new the end bank. El arquitecto continuó hasta el final con su controvertido diseño redondeado para un nuevo banco.
  • go up I. ascend I. We all watched the tourists going up the mountain. Todos observamos a los turistas ascender la montaña. II. increase in price II. Rents have gone up greatly in the past two years. Los alquileres han subido muchísimo en los últimos dos años. III. be built III. Many factories have gone up in the last decade. Se han construido muchas fábricas en la última década.
  • go with I. match, harmonize with, look I. Those leather shoes don’t go with your sports outfit. good with Esos zapatos de cuero no quedan bien con tu conjunto deportivo. II. date regularly II. Susana is going with Robert, isn’t she? Susana sale con Robert, ¿no es cierto?
  • go without abstain from I will have to go without any vacation next summer. Tendré que pasar sin vacaciones el próximo verano.
  • goof off be lazy I’m going to goof off all the afternoon. Voy a hacer fiaca (pereza) toda la tarde.
  • grow on become more attractive to I’m sure the idea of a Brazilian tour will grow on you. Estoy seguro que la idea de una excursión por Brasil te atraerá.
  • grow out of become too big for My son has grown out of most of his clothes. Estoy seguro que la idea de una excursión por Brasil te atraerá.
  • grow up I. become an adult, mature I. He wants to be a pilot when he grows up. Quiere ser piloto cuando madure. II. arise, develop (legends, traditions, II. And so the legend of Santa Claus grew up. customs) Y así fue como se desarrolló la leyenda de Santa Claus.
  • guard against take precautions North American people guarded against possible attacks. Los norteamericanos tomaron precauciones ante eventuales ataques.
  • hand down leave as an inheritance These traditions are handed down from father to son. Estas tradiciones son transmitidas de padres a hijos.
  • hand in submit assignment or homework, give Yesterday my boss handed in his resignation to Dr. Shofer, the company’s in by hand to the proper person or president. authority Ayer mi jefe entregó en mano su renuncia al Dr. Shofer, presidente de la compañía.
  • hand on give to someone else Will you please hand on this message to Miguel? Por favor, ¿puedes entregarle este mensaje a Miguel?
  • hand out distribute I enjoy handing out gifts to my relatives on Christmas Day. Me encanta repartir regalos entre mis parientes en Navidad
  • hand over transfer Strange to say, the enemy finally handed over the town to its inhabitants. Por extraño que parezca, finalmente el enemigo entregó la ciudad a sus habitantes.
  • hand round show round Robert handed round the letter he had just received. Roberto hizo circular la carta que acababa de recibir.
  • hang about remain idly in the vicinity of There are lots of men hanging about at street corners for the pubs to open. Hay muchos hombres dando vueltas en las esquinas esperando que abran los bares.
  • hang back be reluctant, hesitate to act When Mr. Kell asked for two volunteers, Ana hang back. Cuando el Sr. Kell pidió dos voluntarios, Ana se mostró reacia.
  • hang on continue to do something ”Can you hang on while I change my clothes?”. (in connection with waiting) ”¿Podrías seguir en el puesto mientras me cambio de ropa?”
  • hang on to keep, retain I would hang on to that old briefcase if I were you. It might prove to be very useful. En tu lugar, yo me quedaría con ese antiguo portafolios. Podría resultar muy útil.

P M E/T

  • hold out I. persist I. The survivors will not be able to hold out much longer. Los sobrevivientes no lograrán resistir mucho tiempo más. II. last II. Their rations will not hold out for more than two days. Sus raciones no durarán más de dos días.
  • hold up I. raise, keep up, lift to a higher-than- I. Hold up your left arm. normal position Levante su brazo izquierdo. II. delay II. The train was held up on account of the floods. El tren fue demorado debido a las inundaciones. III. stop and rob (bus, train) III. The robbers held the bus up. Los ladrones detuvieron el ómnibus para robar.
  • hunt down persecute The Police attempted to hunt down the criminals. La Policía intentó perseguir a los criminales.
  • hurry up act quickly Hurry up!! Our train is leaving in ten minutes. ¡¡Apúrate!! Nuestro tren sale en diez minutos.
  • hush up keep an affair secret by being silent The actor tried to hush up the scandal but he couldn’t. El actor intentó ocultar el escándalo pero no lo logró.
  • idle away waste (time, etc.) in idleness Ken idled away his time until he got a job in the plant. Ken se la pasó perdiendo el tiempo hasta que consiguió un trabajo en la fábrica.
  • inquire about ask for information about Before the race many people inquired about the horses. Antes de la carrera mucha gente averiguó (consultó, buscó información) sobre los caballos.
  • inquire after ask about somebody’s health, welfare, Nobody inquired after the child’s health in all his years. etc. Nadie preguntó por la salud del pequeño en todos estos años.
  • inquire into investigate Every student will have to inquire into a variety of grammar topics for this final exam. Para este examen final los estudiantes tendrán que investigar una serie de temas gramaticales.
  • inquire of seek information about The detective tried to inquire of Dr. Dalmon’s murder. El detective trató de buscar información sobre el asesinato del Dr. Dalmon.
  • invite in ask someone into one’s house, a room, THe invited the stranger in and gave him a meal. etc Hizo pasar al extraño y le ofreció comida.
  • invite out ask someone to go out to a party, We have been invited out to Luciana’s birthday. a meal, movies, etc. Hemos sido invitados al cumpleaños de Luciana.
  • iron out remove, make smooth Finally, husband and wife ironed out their problems together. (problems, difficulties) Finalmente, marido y mujer resolvieron juntos sus problemas.
  • jack up lift with a jack Herbert jacked up the car and changed wheels. Herbert levantó el auto (con el cric) y cambió la rueda.
  • jog along proceed quietly and slowly Tom is not brilliant. He just jogs along in his work. Tomás no es brillante. Simplemente se toma su tiempo para realizar su trabajo.
  • join in with share with decided to join in with them when they said they were going to buy a yacht. Decidí compartir el gasto con ellos cuando dijeron que iban a comprar un yate.
  • join up enlist in the Army, Navy or Air Force When they were very young, Manuel and his brother decided to join up and fight for their country. Cuando eran muy jóvenes, Manuel y su hermano decidieron alistarse para pelear por su patria.
  • keep at persevere at Keep at it! Persist in what you are doing! ¡Dale! (¡Persevera!) ¡Continúa en lo que estás haciendo!
  • keep away from avoid coming near, stay away from The angry woman shouted the thief to keep away from her. La mujer enojada le gritó al ladrón que se alejara de ella.
  • keep back I. conceal I. They discovered that the boy was keeping something back. Detectaron que el muchacho estaba ocultando algo. II. restrain, hinder II. An urgent meeting at the office kept me back. Me retuvo una reunión urgente en la oficina. III. not come forward, stay back III. Please, try to keep back. This fire is dangerous. Por favor, quédate atrás. Este fuego es peligroso.
  • keep back from stay away from Keep back from the edge of the platform. The train is coming. Aléjate del borde de la plataforma. Está llegando el tren.

P M E/T

  • keep down I. lie low, crouch I. Keep down or they will see you. Agáchate (quédate abajo) o te verán. II. subject, repress II. This country has been kept down for several decades. Este país ha permanecido sometido durante varias décadas.
  • keep in I. confine, detain I. The teacher kept him in for two hours after school. El profesor lo retuvo durante dos horas después de la escuela. II. allow to continue burning II. Keep the fire in until I return. Mantén el fuego encendido hasta que regrese.
  • keep in with continue on good terms with It’s advisable to keep in with your boss. someone Es aconsejable andar bien con tu jefe.
  • keep off I. stay away I. Keep off from the grass. Manténgase alejado del césped (No pise el césped. II. stay at a distance, not near II. If the rain keeps off we could play in the garden. Si la lluvia se mantiene alejada podríamos jugar en el jardín.
  • keep on persist in, continue Helen kept on changing the topic of our conversation. (followed by an ing verb) Helen insistió en cambiar el tema de nuestra charla.
  • keep on at worry, snag, scold someone Why do you persist in keeping on at Fernando so much? He has not hurt you. ¿Por qué insistes tanto en reprender a Fernando? No te ha dañado.
  • keep out I. prevent people or things from I. The janitor in our building is good at keeping strangers out. entering El encargado de nuestro edificio es bueno para mantener alejados a los intrusos. II. stay outside II. Keep out!! Can’t you read the sign on the door? ¡Aléjate!! ¿No lees el cartel sobre la puerta?
  • keep to adhere to This train always keeps to the schedule. Este tren siempre cumple (respeta) el horario.
  • keep up with I. go forward at an equal pace I. Please, walk more slowly. I can’t keep up with you. Por favor, camina más despacio. No puedo alcanzarte. II. learn as much as II. Herbert can’t keek up with the rest of the class. Herbert no puede emparejarse con (ponerse al mismo nivel que) el resto de la clase. III. compete with III. We are not trying to keep up with the Joneses. (as indicating social status) No estamos tratando de competir con la familia Jones.
  • key up excite, stimulate OM Personal visitors are always keyed up for interesting prizes at our OM Lucky section. Los visitantes de OM Personal siempre se estimulan con los interesantes premios de nuestra sección OM Lucky.
  • kick off start a game by giving the first Our team kicked off at 3 pm. kick Nuestro equipo dio el puntapié inicial a las tres de la tarde.
  • kick out fire, expel, dismiss, force Yesterday the manager kicked the salesclerk out. someone to leave Ayer el gerente despidió (echó) al vendedor.
  • kick up cause a noise or disturbance She kicked such a fuss when her husband returned home so late at night. Ella hizo gran escándalo cuando su esposo regresó tan tarde de noche.
  • kill off exterminate, get rid of in large This new insecticide kills off all the pests. numbers Este nuevo insecticida mata todos los insectos.
  • knit up restore, repair numbers I hope we can knit the old partnership up: it would be a pity to separate now. Espero que podamos restablecer (recuperar) la vieja sociedad: sería una pena separarnos ahora.
  • knock about I. wander I. The tourist said he had knocked about all over the world. El turista dijo que había andado por todo el mundo. II. hit again and again; treat II. The new furniture was knocked about during transportation. roughly Los muebles nuevos fueron golpeados durante el transporte.
  • knock down I. knock someone to the ground I. The boxer soon knocked his opponent down. El boxeador pronto derribó a su adversario. II. destroy II. The architects have started to knock the old house down. Los arquitectos han comenzado a derribar la vieja casa. III. force someone to lower a price III. I wanted 3,000 dollars for my car, but the customer knocked me down to 2, dollars. Yo quería 3.000 dólares por mi automóvil pero el cliente me lo hizo bajar a 2. dólares.
  • knock down to sell something to someone who The auctioneer knocked down the old china vase to me when the bidding had reached has bid in an auction only one hundred dollars. El rematador me vendió el antiguo florero de porcelana cuando las ofertas apenas habían alcanzado los cien dólares.