Quinolonas: Antibióticos de Amplio Espectro, Resúmenes de Pediatría

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QUINOLONAS

R1 Miguel Angel Bayá Medina

Antecedentes

I

1962: Entre los subproductos de síntesis de la cloroquina,

se identifica a la primera quinolona, el ácido nalidíxico.

1970: Se desarrollan el ácido oxolínico y la cinoxacina.

1980: Se identificaron los derivados por sustitución con

fluor y piperazina.

MECANISMO DE ACCION

Inhibe

topoisimerasa

II

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Bactericida (^) DNA Girasa

Topoisemerasa

IV 2020

INDICACIONES DE QUINOLONAS DE 1RA GENERACION

ETS

Clamidia T. Haemophilus PROSTATITIS Norfloxacino, ciprofloxacino, ofloxacino y levofloxacino.

ITU

Las fluorquinolonas son mas eficaces..

GASTROINTESTINAL

ES

Ciprofloxacino para diarrea del viajero y salmonella tiphy

RESPIRATORIOS

Levofloxacino, moxifloxacino y gemifloxacino para neumonias atípicas.

SOMA

Fluorquinolonas más

rifampicina

ESPECTRO ANTIMICROBIANO

ESPECTRO ANTIMICROBIANO

MEDICAMENTOS MAS USADOS

Dosis

QUINOLONAS

GIS: Nauseas, vómitos, diarreas, dolor abdominal, Colitis por C. difficile.

SNC: Cefalea, mareos. Raros: alucinaciones, delerio y convulsiones.

3^ Dermatológicas: Rash, prurito, fotosensibilidad.

Reumatológicas: Daño al cartílago de crecimiento, artropatías, rotura del tendon de aquiles.

Efectos adversos

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