Plant Classification
- Flowering and non-flowering plants.
All flowering plants have flowers and produce sedes. Flowers are the reproductive organs of flowering plants.
Flowering plants include angiosperms and gymnosperms.
o Angiosperms:
The flowers of angiosperms produce fruit with sedes inside.
Angiosperms have leaves that change color in autumn.
Angiosperms are the largest group of flowering plants.
o Gymnosperms:
These plants have small flowers.
Most gymnosperms have hard and Sharp leaves, called needles.
These flowering plants produce seeds that grow in cones, not inside fruit.
- Non-flowering plants.
Non-flowering plants do not have flowers, seeds or fruit. They reproduce using spores. There are two main
groups of non-flowering plants: ferns and mosses.
o Ferns:
Have large leaves called fronds.
They produce spores inside sori.
Ferns have thick stems called rhizomes, and roots that grow underground.
o Mosses:
They have very simple stems and leaves.
They produce spores inside capsules.
Mosses don’t have roots. They have rhizoids that are small hairs that hold the plant
in the soil.
