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Orientación Universidad
Orientación Universidad


simulacro examen parcial, Exámenes de Innovación

preguntas examen parcial tipo test en inglés y sin soluciones

Tipo: Exámenes

2018/2019

Subido el 24/06/2019

patrimoni25
patrimoni25 🇪🇸

2 documentos

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bg1
26/3/19
1
Review Session for
Midterm
TOPIC 1 & TOPIC 2
What is the difference between invention and innovation?
Why does technological innovation represent a source of
value creation?
Types of innovation
planned and accidental; radical and incremental; product and
process
How can we measure innovation?
Who is mainly investing in & performing R&D?
Governments or firms? Small or big firms?
Whats R&D intensity?
2
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pf4

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Review Session for

Midterm

TOPIC 1 & TOPIC 2

  • What is the difference between invention and innovation?
  • Why does technological innovation represent a source of

value creation?

  • Types of innovation ▫ planned and accidental; radical and incremental; product and process
  • How can we measure innovation?
  • Who is mainly investing in & performing R&D? ▫ Governments or firms? Small or big firms?
  • What’s R&D intensity? 2

TOPIC 3

  • Basic vs applied research
  • Which are the main characteristics of R&D investments?
  • What’s the appropriability concern?
  • Is investing in R&D a necessary and/or sufficient condition to innovate? ▫ Internal vs external R&D ▫ What’s absorptive capacity? ▫ What’s the “not-invented-here-syndrome”?
  • Do innovations arise because the technology “pushes” or because the market “pulls”?
  • From the reduced class: What is R&D productivity? 3 TOPIC 4
  • What does the technology S-Curve represent? ▫ Difference with technological trajectory? ▫ Can they have the same shape?
  • Which type of firms are mostly responsible for shifting to a new technology S-Curve?
  • What are the main conclusions of the Abernathy-Utterback model? ▫ Product vs process innovations; dominant design; industry dynamics
  • What is a disruptive innovation? ▫ Which dilemma do they pose for established firms?
  • What is an architectural innovation? ▫ Is it easy for established firms to introduce them? 4

TOPIC 7

  • Why innovative organizations need IPRs?
  • What are the advantages of patenting?
  • Is there any disadvantage of patenting?
  • Who is the responsible to enforce patent rights?
  • When do we say that a patent is effective? ▫ Inventing around
  • The “paradox of disclosure” – what is it? ▫ Can it be avoided? 7 TOPIC 8
  • When can a secret be protected as a trade secret?
  • When is an individual considered to have infringed a trade secret?
  • What is the advantage of secrecy vs patents?
  • How strong are trademarks in preventing the imitation of an innovation? 8