IISSUES IN EDUCATION

Reggio Emilia school

RES was founded by Bruno Ciari and Loris Malaguzzi in the 1950’s. They believed that education should

liberate child capacities and creativity, so they developed the “RE approach”. It includes:

▫the atelier (a workshop where children can use many different materials to communicate and

make their thinking visible);

▫the atelerista (teacher who prepares the work for children and provides occasions for learning;

the curriculum is based on child’s interest);

▫communication and relationship (because we form ourselves through our interaction with other

people, according to social constructivism mode);

▫Documentation (important because it makes parents aware of the school activities and they are

encouraged to participate in the school’s life; it allows teachers to value their work and it makes

child protagonist of his own learning process).

The RE approach holds that children, teachers and parents are the central protagonists in the

educational process. The child is seen in relation to world that surrounds and use many languages to

communicate. Another important element in the RE approach is the attention in designe and

organization of all place.

The Diana School

The text is write in “first person”. The writer describes his morning at “Diana School”, with more poetic

details, without the intention of describe the learning method of this School.

Summerhill

In the 1920’s a Scottish man called A.S. Neill founded Summerhill, the first modern free school. In this

period teaching in Britain was repressive and was because of Neill’s unhappy childhood that he decided

to found this alternative school. The Neill’s main idea was to make a school that allows children

freedom, because according to him a child is innately capable of developing. In Summerhill:

▫Children should be happy at school

▫Decisions were made by pupils and teachers together, favoring a democratic system;

▫Lesson were not compulsory;

▫Children have classes according to their age or to their interests, students stay usually from 5 to

16 years old.

▫The learning methods favoring the natural instinct of learn in children, also with a parental

satisfaction with the school

▫Encourage the development of a critical sense in children for interpret the reality. This is, for

many people, very dangerous; because the “free children are not easily influenced”.

The key objective was that children should be happy at school. This new model of schooling challenged

the authoritarian tradition of British schooling. After Neill’s death the British government tried to close

Summerhill after an Ofsted (office for standards in education); inspection concluding that it wasn’t

providing an adequate education. It was because “... this school’s policy allowed to the children to

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IISSUES IN EDUCATION

Reggio Emilia school

RES was founded by Bruno Ciari and Loris Malaguzzi in the 1950’s. They believed that education should liberate child capacities and creativity, so they developed the “RE approach”. It includes: ▫ the atelier (a workshop where children can use many different materials to communicate and make their thinking visible); ▫ the atelerista (teacher who prepares the work for children and provides occasions for learning; the curriculum is based on child’s interest); ▫ communication and relationship (because we form ourselves through our interaction with other people, according to social constructivism mode); ▫ Documentation (important because it makes parents aware of the school activities and they are encouraged to participate in the school’s life; it allows teachers to value their work and it makes child protagonist of his own learning process). The RE approach holds that children, teachers and parents are the central protagonists in the educational process. The child is seen in relation to world that surrounds and use many languages to communicate. Another important element in the RE approach is the attention in designe and organization of all place.

The Diana School

The text is write in “first person”. The writer describes his morning at “Diana School”, with more poetic details, without the intention of describe the learning method of this School.

Summerhill

In the 1920’s a Scottish man called A.S. Neill founded Summerhill, the first modern free school. In this period teaching in Britain was repressive and was because of Neill’s unhappy childhood that he decided to found this alternative school. The Neill’s main idea was to make a school that allows children freedom, because according to him a child is innately capable of developing. In Summerhill: ▫ Children should be happy at school ▫ Decisions were made by pupils and teachers together, favoring a democratic system; ▫ Lesson were not compulsory; ▫ Children have classes according to their age or to their interests, students stay usually from 5 to 16 years old. ▫ The learning methods favoring the natural instinct of learn in children, also with a parental satisfaction with the school ▫ Encourage the development of a critical sense in children for interpret the reality. This is, for many people, very dangerous; because the “free children are not easily influenced”. The key objective was that children should be happy at school. This new model of schooling challenged the authoritarian tradition of British schooling. After Neill’s death the British government tried to close Summerhill after an Ofsted (office for standards in education); inspection concluding that it wasn’t providing an adequate education. It was because “... this school’s policy allowed to the children to

decide if they wanted an education” ( Ofsted report). This verdict didn’t come out of the blue, in fact Ofsted was dissatisfied since 1990s, so the inspections became tougher and more frequent. Now Zoe Readhead, the Neil’s daughter, is the new director of Summerhill and she is fighting for its survive. But at the present there are few British students in Summerhill because parents prefer not to experiment with their children’s education, instead it had success in USA, where this alternative education is used since 1960’s.

Technology in education

Jones international University, was the first university based on the internet education approved by a major educational association, it holds classes only in the cyberspace. JIU offers 18 certificate programs, about 950 students are enrolled in courses, that are priced half of the cost of courses in public universities. All syllabuses are posted online, students discuss with teachers or classmates by email or online chat. Some people, like Mike Smith, are concerned about this way of education, because they think a high learning requires a face to face interaction. But Steven Crowd, says that internet based programs are rigorous and however they requires discipline and motivation like in public universities. Rancho Cotate is a high school that allows students to use electronic devices. Some of them are learning aid like graphic calculators, electronic translator for foreign language, electronic spelling checkers. But others like cell phones, CD players, palms and pagers, are banned during the lessons. ♦ PROS: the new technology fight the boredom; the students can communicate with professors with simplicity; there are until instruments for lectures (es: video CD-ROM); the students can use web research to supplement discussions and software for homework; the students can developing different learning styles. ♦ CONS : the technology makes distraction; it’s source of discrimination for the students who can’t buy a specific gadget or pay a tax for the instruments; students stopped coming to the class; less socialization and causes addiction; sometimes there is disrespect for professors.

PROFESOR CRYSTAL: “WHAT HAS CHANGED IN THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE AFTER THE

ELECTRONICALLY MEDIATED COMUNICATION?”

Many people are addicted to the internet. There is a mythology about the internet in fact

people beliesh. that texting is bad for children because they don’t learn how to spell and to

write correctly and use the abbreviations of the text-messages or in their school works; but this

isn’t true because less than 10% of the messages are abbreviations and texting is useful for

improve their literacy. The acronyms electronic language are: EMC (electronic medium

communication) ; DMC (Digital medium communication); and CMC (Computer medium

communication). There are 4 communication medium: speaking; writing; signing and the

electronic one. To have a successful conversation you need a simulation feedback between the

participants, in the internet language you don’t have simultaneous feedback; but you can have

multiple conversations simultaneal. There are some difference about electronic communication

write and traditional writing: in the traditional writing text don’t change and everything is still

the some mean while, in the electronic write everything is dynamic and animated. Hypertext

link is the fundamental property of the internet and it’s like the footnote Used in traditional

American humour and culture: the students speak a socially marked variety of US English,

idiolect which is rich in features denoting in-group identify. They use strong words like “bitch”

for their teacher, or using “cops” whit contempt and disrespect.

“BEND IT LIKE BECKHAM”

Characters  Jess: Protagonist; hero; dreamer; courage but shy at the beginning (for scars); problems of control; “daddy issues”  Jules: Co-protagonist; support worker; jealous; “daddy issues”; rival in love  Joe: Support worker and master; object of desire  Tony: Support worker; best character;  Jess’s mother: “obstacle to overcome”  Jules’s mother: omophobic and racist  Jess’s fathers: obstacle in beginning / helper at the end  Jules’s father: support for the daughter

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Documenti correlati

Anteprima parziale del testo

Scarica riassunto parte orale lingua inglese e più Prove d'esame in PDF di Lingua Inglese solo su Docsity!

IISSUES IN EDUCATION

Reggio Emilia school

The Diana School

Summerhill

Technology in education

PROFESOR CRYSTAL: “WHAT HAS CHANGED IN THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE AFTER THE

ELECTRONICALLY MEDIATED COMUNICATION?”

Many people are addicted to the internet. There is a mythology about the internet in fact

people beliesh. that texting is bad for children because they don’t learn how to spell and to

write correctly and use the abbreviations of the text-messages or in their school works; but this

isn’t true because less than 10% of the messages are abbreviations and texting is useful for

improve their literacy. The acronyms electronic language are: EMC (electronic medium

communication) ; DMC (Digital medium communication); and CMC (Computer medium

communication). There are 4 communication medium: speaking; writing; signing and the

electronic one. To have a successful conversation you need a simulation feedback between the

participants, in the internet language you don’t have simultaneous feedback; but you can have

multiple conversations simultaneal. There are some difference about electronic communication

write and traditional writing: in the traditional writing text don’t change and everything is still

the some mean while, in the electronic write everything is dynamic and animated. Hypertext

link is the fundamental property of the internet and it’s like the footnote Used in traditional

American humour and culture: the students speak a socially marked variety of US English,

idiolect which is rich in features denoting in-group identify. They use strong words like “bitch”

for their teacher, or using “cops” whit contempt and disrespect.

“BEND IT LIKE BECKHAM”

Indian humour and culture: the main characters speak Brit-Asian, a variety of English spoken by

South Asian immigants in the UK.