Docsity
Docsity
Prepare for your exams
Prepare for your exams

Study with the several resources on Docsity

Earn points to download
Earn points to download

Earn points by helping other students or get them with a premium plan

Guidelines and tips
Guidelines and tips
Sell on Docsity
Sell on Docsity
Docsity AI
Docsity AI
Log inSign up

Prepare for your exams

Study with the several resources on Docsity

Find documents

Prepare for your exams with the study notes shared by other students like you on Docsity

Search for your university

Find the specific documents for your university's exams

Docsity AINEW

Summarize your documents, ask them questions, convert them into quizzes and concept maps

Explore questions

Clear up your doubts by reading the answers to questions asked by your fellow students

Earn points to download

Earn points by helping other students or get them with a premium plan

Share documents
download point icon20 Points

For each uploaded document

Answer questions
download point icon5 Points

For each given answer (max 1 per day)

All the ways to get free points
Get points immediately

Choose a premium plan with all the points you need

Study Opportunities

Choose your next study program

Get in touch with the best universities in the world. Search through thousands of universities and official partners

Community

Ask the community

Ask the community for help and clear up your study doubts

Free resources

Our save-the-student-ebooks!

Download our free guides on studying techniques, anxiety management strategies, and thesis advice from Docsity tutors

Understanding Cladograms: A Tool for Analyzing Evolutionary Relationships, Study notes of Biology of microorganisms

Southern Utah University (SUU)Biology of microorganisms

An introduction to cladograms, explaining what they are, how they are structured, and what information they can reveal about the evolutionary relationships between organisms. It covers the basics of cladograms, including the concept of nodes and branches, the role of common ancestors, and the significance of the number of nodes between organisms.

Typology: Study notes

2021/2022

Uploaded on 09/12/2022

xyzxyz
xyzxyz 🇮🇳

4.8

(24)

309 documents

1 / 7

Toggle sidebar

This page cannot be seen from the preview

Don't miss anything!

bg1
January 03, 2018
Wednesday, January 3, 2018
A
Objective: Determine what information you can get from a
cladogram.
HW: Write down two questions you still have about
cladograms and what they can tell you.
Do Now: What was the best things you were able to do
over the winter break?
What is a cladogram? What can you learn from a
cladogram?
Activity: Analyzing a cladogram: What can we
learn?
pf3
pf4
pf5

Partial preview of the text

Download Understanding Cladograms: A Tool for Analyzing Evolutionary Relationships and more Study notes Biology of microorganisms in PDF only on Docsity!

Wednesday, January 3 , 2018

A

Objective: Determine what information you can get from a cladogram. HW: Write down two questions you still have about cladograms and what they can tell you. Do Now: What was the best things you were able to do over the winter break? What is a cladogram? What can you learn from a cladogram?

Activity: Analyzing a cladogram: What can we

learn?

Period 1

Cladogram: diagram showing organisms that

descended from a common ancestor.

The "line" at the beginning of a cladogram

represents the common ancestor for all the

other organisms on the cladogram.

Each "node" (or branch point) represents a

new characteristic, a change in the genes

(DNA)

The further along the cladogram you move,

the more differences in DNA the organisms

have compared to the common ancestor.

To determine how closely related two organisms on

a cladogram are, TRACE from the first one to the

second one. The more nodes you pass, the farther

apart the organisms are in terms of evolutionary

relationship.

What can you learn from a cladogram?

Give three examples.

  • Period

Period 4

Cladogram:

  • Helps find common ancestors
  • How organisms changed over time
  • Parts:

> Node:

  • indicates a new characteristic
  • EVERY organism above/to the right of

the node has this characteristic

  • NO organism below this node has the

characteristic

> Branch:

  • Organism that has the trait indicated at

the node.

> Characteristics

  • Controlled by genes (parts of DNA that

give you things like skin color, eye color,

ability to metabolize cholesterol

  • All organisms on the cladogram

share DNA from a common ancestor.

That DNA drives their common

characteristics.

> The closest ancestor to any organism on

a cladogram is only one node away.

> The more nodes between two organisms,

the more distantly they are related.

Function: What something does

Structure: How something is made, parts

Period 7 Cladogram Chart that orders things depending on how they evolved A model of evolution for a small segment of living things Uses characteristics to show similarities

  • Node

    Indicates a new characteristic - Result of adaptation to a new environment > Characteristics driven by genes, parts of DNA that give instructions for making all things in the cell. > Each organism BELOW the node does NOT have the characteristic of that nodel > Each organism ABOVE the node HAS the characteristic of that node

  • Branches

    Species/group that first exhibited the new characteristic Trace along the branches to see how closely related two organisms are - More nodes between the two, the more distantly they are related. - Fewer nodes between the two organisms, the more closely they are related.