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Allowable, Ultimate, Beam Shear, Bolt Shear, Weld Shear, Compression, One Way, Two Way, Without Stirrups, With Stirrups. This is past exam of Architectural Structures. Key points are given above.
Typology: Exams
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Reference Formulas
2 2 2
sin
sin
n
i
Q (^) y xA xiAi
1
a
b b ac
x
2
n
i
Qx yA yiAi
1
2 2 F Fx F y 4
2 2 d A r
2 I Ic Ad
x
y
tan M Fd
A
r
2 s
g 9.81m F mg dx xˆx
w dx
dV
dx
dM
2 1
2 1
2 m
Pa N 2 s
kg m N
1 kPa 1 , 000 Pa 2 in
psi lb π (radians) 180
m
kPa kN 1 kip 1000 lb 2 in
kip ksi
MPa Pa
6 1 10 GPa Pa
9 1 10 12 in^ ^1 ft
fc allowable
ultimate F .S 1 m 1000 mm
e
t A
or A
f
td
fv L
td
f (^) p J
fv
fv 2
My f (^) y Ib
f (^) v ave f E
Mc f (^) b max
web w
b
req F
f (^) x
y z
p I
nF
connectedarea connector RW
MPa mm
kN 3 1 2 10
x I
T longitudinal
P ^12 ph L
fv G
2 c 1 ab
c ab G
3 2
2 3
(^1) ab
max ab G
3 3
1
3 3
1 ii
max max bt
Tt
max 2
i (^) i
i
t
s
t
2
3 3
1 G bi ti
2 n b 3
(L or 0. 5 W)
e
1 2 16 (^05) r
0.5(LrorSorR)
2
2
2
2
e e
cr
a^ n
c
2
2
cr a
2
2
e
cr
y
c
2 2
c
e
y
c
a
2
2
Pn = FcrAg
3
c
e
c
e
=1.67 (bending)
b
b
a
a
F
f
f^ ^ =1.67 (beam shear)
c n
u
10 9
8 . M
M
M
M
P
P
ny
y
nx
x
n
=2.00 (bolt shear)
1 2
=2.00 (weld shear)
c n
u
10 2
. M
M
M
M
P
P
ny
y
nx
x
n
=1.50 (bearing)
f
f
f
by
by
bx
bx
a
a =1.67 (compression)
y
p
M (^) ult MpfyAiyifyZ
y
p y
2
max
w L M
equivalent
Vu v( 0. 6 FywAw)v 1. 0 trial limit
toobig Ireq' d I
2
2
Pu c FcrAg c 0. 90 Fe 0. 44 Fy y
F
F
Fcr. F e
y
Pn(max (^) end)(N 2. 5 k)Fywtw 1. 0
Pn(max (^) interior)(N 5 k)Fywtw 1. 0
c n
u
b ny
uy
b nx
ux
c n
u
075 t t
u u e
c n
u
b ny
uy
b nx
ux
c n
u
2
g
s An Ag Aofallholes t 4
u e
m
2
2
1
Masonry:
Fb fm ^13 2
f b(kd) A f
m x s 2
2 f bd jk M
m m
plain:Fv 1. 5 fm v (^) m F f without stirrups Fv 3 fmwith stirrups
2
2
2
r
h Fa. fm h’/r > 99
2 70
h
r F (^) a fm
Reference Diagrams
Reference Beam Diagrams
-^ 25%
W =
wl^2
Reference Diagrams
Available Strength of Fillet Welds
per inch of weld ( S)
Weld Size
(in.)
E60XX
(k/in.)
E70XX
(k/in.)
16
(^3) 3.58 4.
¼ 4.77 5.
16
(^5) 5.97 6.
8
(^3) 7.16 8.
16
7 8.35 9.
½ 9.55 11.
8
5 11.93 13.
¾ 14.32 16.
(not considering increase in throat with
submerged arc weld process)
Reference Diagrams
A325, A325M F1858 A354 Grade BC A
A
490,
A
490
M
F
2280 A354 Grade B
D
Reference Diagrams
(
tensile strain of 0.
)
Reference Diagrams
Reference Diagrams
Reference Diagrams