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ASVAB Mechanical Comprehension
Typology: Exams
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Isaac Newton's laws of motion โ Ans - describe how the acceleration of an object is related to its mass and the forces acting on it. Mechanical comprehension โ Ans - knowledge of mechanics and physical principals; including concepts of force, energy, work, and how they are used to predict the functioning of tools and machines. Review of Physics and Mechanical Principles โ Ans - The proper use of tools and machinery depends on an understanding of basic physics, which includes the study of motion, and the interactions of mass, force, and energy. International System of Units โ Ans - the system of units (SI) used by scientists to measure the properties of matter density โ Ans - the amount of mass that occupies a given volume of space. force โ Ans - the application of energy to an object with the intent of changing its position. acceleration โ Ans - the change in its velocity in a given period of time. To understand it, it's necessary to relate to displacement and velocity. displacement โ Ans - the distance an object travels. velocity โ Ans - the distance an object travels in a unit of time, such as miles per hour or meters per second.
magnitude โ Ans - The fact that velocity has a _________________ (speed) and a direction makes it a vector quantity. Isaac Newton's Second Law of Motion โ Ans - A force that acts on a body accelerates it in the direction of the force. The larger the force the greater the acceleration; the greater the mass, the greater its inertia (resistance to movement and acceleration). vector โ Ans - an arrow pointing in the direction of motion, with its length proportional to its magnitude. Isaac Newton's Third Law of Motion โ Ans - Every force acting on a body is resisted by an equal and opposite force. Momentum โ Ans - mass times velocity force of gravity โ Ans - is proportional to the masses of the two objects (M1 and M2) and inversely proportional to the square of the distance (r squared) between them (and G is proportionally constant). impulse โ Ans - rapid application of force muzzle velocity โ Ans - the speed the bullet has when it leaves the muzzle parabolic curve โ Ans - predetermined path that the center of gravity will follow in free flight or free fall drag โ Ans - resisting force Torque โ Ans - a force that causes rotation center of mass โ Ans - the point in an object that moves as if all the object's mass were concentrated at that point
megawatt โ Ans - a unit of power equal to one million watts fluids โ Ans - liquids and gases solids โ Ans - have a definite shape and volume liquids โ Ans - Definite volume, no definite shape buoyant force โ Ans - the upward force exerted by a fluid on a submerged object Immiscible โ Ans - liquids that are not soluble in each other (do not mix) Pascal's Law โ Ans - States that a change in pressure, applied to an enclosed fluid, is transmitted undiminished to every portion of the fluid and to the walls of its containing vessel. rate of flow โ Ans - the volume of fluid that passes a given location in a given amount of time. flow rate โ Ans - determined by measuring the area of flow and the flow velocity. Continuity equation โ Ans - one of the most important equations in engineering Bernoulli's Equation โ Ans - states that, for a constant flow rate, the total energy of the system (divided into components of elevation, pressure, and velocity) remains constant. machine โ Ans - a device that: transforms energy from one form to another, multiplies the force applied to do work, changes the direction of the resultant force, or increases the speed at which the work is done.
lever โ Ans - a simple machine that consists of a bar that pivots at a fixed point called a fulcrum bar โ Ans - beam fulcrum โ Ans - The fixed point around which a lever pivots lever arms โ Ans - when balanced, the load times its lever arm equals the effort times its lever arm. Class I lever โ Ans - fulcrum positioned between the effort and the load. Examples include see-saws, balance scales, crow bars, and scissors. Class II lever โ Ans - the load is placed between the fulcrum and the effort. A wheel barrow is a good example. Class III lever โ Ans - the effort is applied at a point between the fulcrum and the load, which increases the speed at which the load is moved. A human arm is an example with the elbow acting as the fulcrum. axle โ Ans - special kind of lever, bar on which a wheel turns. gears โ Ans - used to change the direction or speed of a wheel's motion. beveled gears โ Ans - the direction of a wheel's motion can be changed with the shafts set at right angles to each other spur gears โ Ans - Gears whose tooth elements are straight and parallel to the shaft axis; they are used to transmit motion and power between parallel shafts. belt/chain โ Ans - can be used to connect the gears rather than meshing them.