Download cellular respiration and more Slides Cell Biology in PDF only on Docsity! RESPIRASI SELULER PENDAHULUAN SEL Aktivitas Sel : 1. Mengorganisasikan mikromolekul organik menjadi polimer (mis. sintesis protein dan DNA) 2. Transpor melalui membran/pemompaan bahan melalui membran 3. Sel tumbuh dan bereproduksi 4. Sel bekerja mempertahankan strukturnya yang rumit karena susunannya secara intrinsik tidak stabil Sel membutuhkan masukan energi dari sumber luar (dalam bentuk cahaya matahari bagi tumbuhan dan organisme fotosintetik lainnya dimakan oleh hewan) HARVESTING CHEMICAL ENERGY 1. Autotrophs, such as plants, use photosynthesis to convert light energy from the Sun into Chemical energy, which is stored in Carbohydrates and other Organic Compounds. 2. Both Autotrophs and Heterotrophs depend on these Organic Compounds for the energy to Power Cellular Activities. 3. By Breaking Down Organic Molecules into simpler molecules, CELLS RELEASE ENERGY. 4. Some of the energy is used to make ATP from ADP and Phosphate. ATP is the Main Energy Currency of Cells. 5. The Complex Process in which Cells Make ATP by Breaking Down Organic Molecules is known as CELLULAR RESPIRATION. OR THE PROCESS BY WHICH FOOD MOLECULES ARE BROKEN DOWN TO RELEASE ENERGY FOR WORK IS CALLED CELLULAR RESPIRATION. Kemiosmosis The energy released as electrons pass down the gradient from NADH to oxygen is harnessed by three enzyme complexes of the respiratory chain (I, III, and IV) to pump protons (H+) against their concentration gradient from the matrix of the mitochondrion into the intermembrane space (an example of active transport). As their concentration increases there (which is the same as saying that the pH decreases), a strong diffusion gradient is set up. The only exit for these protons is through the ATP synthase complex. As in chloroplasts, the energy released as these protons flow down their gradient is harnessed to the synthesis of ATP. The process is called chemiosmosis and is an example of facilitated diffusion.
