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CHAPTER III
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
This chapter presents the procedure used in conducting research. It the covers
research design, population and sample, research subject, research instrument, data
collection and data analysis.
3.1 Research Design
Ary et al. say that "Research design is the researcher's plan of how to proceed
to gain an understanding of some groups or some phenomenon in its natural setting"
(2010:426). The design begins with a general statement of research problem or
topic. In other words, the term of research design is used to refer to some plans and
steps in conducting research study which aim to gain accurate data based on the
determined questions or problems.
According to Ary et al. (2010: 29), there are two ways in classifying the
types of research, they are quantitative and qualitative research. Quantitative
research uses objective measurement to collect numeric data that are used to answer
questions or test predetermined hypotheses. Otherwise, qualitative research focuses
on understanding social phenomenal from the perspective of the human participant
in natural settings. It does not star with formal hypotheses, but it may result in
hypotheses as the study unfolds.
