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expstenn on the basts of thety log ‘al —— 1 . Lateral Apteal eee merfs Fern. Merfstern merfskerm J tT ts present 4h the ~ It ts presentab -I¥ [5 pyeserr ot atip of shoot & the nodes ox base ~ lateral stde of | ror. of Fhe rnternedes. skem.- Yi | : —— — POASeS ¢ Growth. Q@) Phase ¢ formate Po thts chase, the more fama}, [non-vaculabed A PIMINEAE nucle tThe cell undergoes repeat | new daughtey cells. MQse : are 5 And aan alle SC CYFOpI TUKOF dfy for -tp fou of maturntro —DifferenHatton': ie = hts phase, the elongated rel atrarn Fhefr LIMGXTMUM ma burp and also underaqoes Off rere ktatior | tople ox complex” per Mament Frssue and m hefty spectfie functton. Growth rate 19 slow dow and corresponcl Fo bhe 1o expression * T cna Growth rat Wy = leg _ where, Whe Frnal sfze / We= Inftfa) stze | t= bage of natural 164: | = rrowrh ate. | b= tiene of qroopth. iCompartson of Growth rare ( Absolute qrocuban rae 4 J Relattve arowhh yare ‘i *ARelative quowth rare (RGR) : t The qromth of So a per untr Frme expressed | | oo common basts per uns forkefal parameter. = - | | a G = : i : RGR oe where, 4 = numbey : —— lI # Absolu te growrh rate (Agr): He i The measurement | d abaotane ee Petteon of grow Mh per unt a me 5 lle Absolute growth vate. 4 | » Y= locm* (a) rs aN ee ed i aan ) \ ee A MWg, 5 cm’ (6 Absolute Growth rate Relattye ‘ Qrowth rape a) Cie, bas} == sda a+ "i A ep ibt 2) rie rtp Gtowthwarrve tse 3) Srqmotd Growth curve - ai B Bi 1} fxpanstal ¢rrowkh curve: | growth curve show ‘7 shape curve because Lz “ip e's fasker and tentiite (ts maxtmoun. Ts mere curve | : | tefl - | 34 rf 5 } | 3 | pa en 907 ths bey eM Zan SS al Stamotd Growth curve: rllhen the rate of growrh fs p okred agains fran a [et how 3 Shap stgrnetd curve. L Sfamord growth curve shocy three Gifferenk phases | fe. hag phase | Leg phage sot ae | Syatfonary pitas é | = Fal | s woes =f | 2 Log phase ee | sis ~ Sears a = —— 3 3 / F fi 3 é fq. secondary xulem and senda ry philoem. ’ Development : ye Seed dermrnatfon ! virie. 5 “a 4 qi Merfstern of y Cell dtvfstoq Plasrnatfic | rout v elongation x) i- Vv Cell matura ron Mature cel | \ y Senescence (premabure falleng of _ leaves ow Pritts) kK baa Saceapesl i Death tc_compound produ The plant hormones are rhe organ or control arow [be bhe plant whtch promoke tohtbit or phystologsa acrtvity tn planks. The plant hormones are Frve Fupes: 7 jes i ins 2) bberelirme ( (ra) 3) Cato ki ntns (ck) 4) Erhulene 5) Absctsstc acid [4BA) 27: SEDs ee | as ta WW Auxns (to a [he auxen is the Ptesk hermon 2 be dfscovere bed and ‘gtvern the AMe Auxta: =: Phystolog teal efteck / Role of (qt bberell po. 4) Stem _elonaatton: 7 tin Ture plank, qtbberellin sed 40 {ncrea se Fhe lenath U oP jute ftbre and tncrease herr commercta) value. past iban nelp fo _ronvert generfeally dwarf plank tno f 2). Dorman : > Gthbereltn Freakment ack as a subsbitube for cold sease ba land Jong dau cenditten Por breaktrig Fhe dormancy, 3), E 6fze and émapdtioy bir. Pf tbberelltne used to tocreas the comrneretal va (ain leafy vegetables causing |e Fexpansion. | po elttbapelitae_a Saree lltme ee ei Size of fry a Le PB jameson siarch— arragiace | | rhe _barle @ eo. “uwheat che > gana tt called as ay “if i inci ee = ~ftibbe a BeOS ch ntre oe Dinic 6 i & eu fecttitza + onver- Sec les a 1 Eq: ie car , fomako ra es, eb. anfmal—> plane > cyvorrnta 5 & wthak fs Cattogentesis?— shook formabion +coronut mei is a source of cybokfniq. | Sea | race we. / 3) Cytokrntn (Ck)? ai: ft Tn: 195+, Skoog and Mfllex drscovey Fhe cy kat, +he tobaccd plant and also cofm khefy mame: 1 *Cytokratn_obkarn from he antral +fisue [autoclave herring sperm DNA) known asa kenetto: tr / . * Appltcatton_/phusfologrcal ettect-/ Role Tal \ a: cut ktofl Tee along offh auxin fi Hhe ffsse: cu) tire | for catu rmatfon (it) nto wtokfnr ed Fhe orqanoegqenesfs and fr produce _ foyraation fatkrafasfeulsoay ne aac f lereY LC Fyne srerm and p. i sacha Wee Phustologtca| a: Fenee of Abitsstc tctd fs q Bbsctssron and Senescence: and protect the plants. BE Clostng of sto mare. | Transptratton : {ou Durtag drovghk and adverse condttHen , ABA produce _— | . ty ky bide plank and responstble fox Fhe clos ting of skorna ke during dau trmé and prevenk extra joss of waker by i. process Of Frans pfratton. [3 ) Dormancy : yds ABA cause.s dormancy of bud and ‘seed durrag eX Freme_ cond fron. Tr retord the growrh and atras a growkh tnt brbors . + | , | — ‘The term fa 1929. I a) etoknace: +0n the basts of photoperfod ! are Classtfred ?nto Fhree Hu pes * | (i) Short Day Plant (SPP) : b- The plant tn which flowering ts faduced wiictes Sor dae is length condirfen fs called as shork day plank (SDP). I oy “The fesponse of plant to bhe relattve lengthy of ‘move d pe pertad than Fhe \fghr pextod fox Fhe rarkfatfon OF bee Flo wertng fs called as shia day plant (sop). | it Tee ies called as long ntghk plank: TE4: Cosmos, Dahita Aster , martgold ouabean ee et nc ai tong aay. b.__‘ The re ESP OL Se¢_of- te ee an Of more Lfghe a tts day plant. (upp) plain ocwertl fo —-H 1s also cated as 4 ort ; Lo. Fg : tice, Meh abba, eee sits raddish_, en | |be yernalfzarton: a cra bure The reverse effeck of vernalfzabton (nigh Fermp Fre labour 26°C fs called as devernaliza ton te || * Stantétcance of vernaltzatfon : > Vernalt abfon »b shorten Fhe veqeratfyve phase of plant an | finduce carly Flowering: Tt Praease reststant for cold fin plank = 1 Bfennfa} varfery Can converted inko annual. (oreiter vay tee | Ln Vverted fato spring Mar fer NF Wer oe: i LIF tnerease the tests 0 lank for_ fungal Afseases. A Pe : Piteeral nutrition eet. +The cal ny : a0) . = PAPA eX ie: enema a nk fron pa S0t| fs called Tal_nobr } 7 per bo pon a 7 Appioxtmately 30 cements arn n versaliy | preys f a all planks, ~ © Out Of 30, 16 blermnents ar = * are non- sendin ne yes Ayes ae i —— te Crtttea | elements — NPK are oe element for agriculture crop: (nptrogen, phos of guanttry requfrement , the ess¢ y be classtty toto +w0 groups: Salsa iis Ste macronutrients ea SSS ee Mtcronutrten ks 3! 2) Marronut rents Jo ee iA 12 ate Tequfre {0 10 very ‘large: amount forsbhe ——normal growth of the plank » Fhey are called as —___|| macronuterents:. ial : t Macronurrtents are hoes 0, P, NK, Ca,3 , Mg Fe RS iteescerzcrenutrenbs. are Fhe permanenk constttaents oP protoptacin. NSS Lesa Sa ace Stee ee atts { finesse j smal) A a a ——tIhey ack as Petre: r_co-fackor. —_ii_ Mfcronutrrenks are_ (Cotig Zn, “Pine Mo, th As lpefictency. BO Tae _mtaeral_nupitents CVS &5_ some or —_sygtomns fa_fhe plants : ae — 41, Stunitag: Se The rowhh $5 Feber retarded, it fe = dE Tae ma e? 4 ___ Biological) Industrial Hlecsrte Nitrogen N frrogen Nirtrogen Fixation ep fixatton ee 4 \peritie fer. a Phgsiea | a Be a ee a om Process yi ~ So NO. oe 1 A tPIca tr Vv PAMONIT ICG Ho] \; al t Uptake eS. ‘| a2 | | Pecautng “5 | R BYornass ¥v [ a Plank Bromass | [ Antena) Sane : | | Bromass | | | [les Ma | Physical nfkrogen ffxatton < a Peciat: artrogen frxakion Org hkentng ) : it The atmospheric _nttrogen combine wtth the_oxygen vader Influence of thundérsboren and Ityhbentag during fatay Season. fo form nirric oxide. These oterec oxtde ts oxtdtzed Fo form _nitmgen perrtde. | “The ntfrogen peroxide combrne cutth the atin ‘cose to +fonm_nttrous acid (No2) and attric acid (Nos) ‘The niFrtc actd comme with Khe rata wake; on the ground ‘and combine otth the radical te. calefum ox potawiom | Fo form CNG, & KNOs (iotassiom nibran). HNO 4 Oo ers ante hy Rg Ho arbrous ntitc acid AeA HNo, + K fl» kNog (3) Industral Bhiicen Fexarfor ¢ —h_tndushial attrogen fixation _, Haber- Bosch process. I asec Under high pressure (200 mee and under high _temperabure [4so* c), th fhes--: a | * Ra nfm0spheric ‘nttrogen romibtne. oaaat hydrogen to ns | ¥o form oamontas 4 AMMONIA_ts highly FAC 59 iF converted EoAtc Urea for agriculfural uses into Jess] ae | f | Haber Bosch Ss er OC ONHs | ao Ammonia. 
