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Diagnostic Reasoning Test 3 Questions and Answers Graded A+
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Used to diagnose acquired myasthenia gravis and moni- tor patient response to immunosuportive therapy Identify patients with PChE deficiency before anesthesia Cholinesterase or to identify those who maybe have been exposed to phosphate poisoning Ethanol Evaluate alcohol-impaired driving or overdose Graphical record of brain-wave activity obtained through electrodes placed on the scalp and forehead Caloric study Used to evaluate the function of cranial nerve VIII. Can indicate disease in temporal portion of the cerebrum recording the strength of muscle contraction as a re- Electromyography (EMG) Nerve Conduction Studies sult of electrical stimulation. Can identify primary muscle diseases and ditterentiate them from primary neurologic pathologic conditions Performed to identify peripheral nerve injury in patients with localized or dittuse weakness, muscle atrophy, dyses- thesia, paresthesia, and neurogenic pain to ditterentiate primary peripheral nerve disease from muscular injury. Used to evaluate patients with vertigo and to ditterentiate organic from psychogenic vertigo Indicated for patients who have a suspected sensory deficit but are unable to indicate or are unreliable in indi- Evoked Potential studies cating recognition of a stimulus. Used to monitor natural progression or treatment of deteriorating neurologic dis- eases such as MS Diagnosis of primary or metastatic brain or spinal cord neoplasm, cerebral hemorrhage, meninigtis, etc. acetycholine receptor antibody test Electroencephalogram (EEG) electronystagmography lumbar puncture
Amyloid beta protein precursor, soluble and Tau protein Tilt-table testing brain scan Carotid Artery duplex scan CT of brain Myelography Performed on patients who become increasingly dement- ed and confused. It is a test used to help diagnose Alzheimer disease and other forms of senile dementia provocative test to diagnose vasopressor and vasovagal syncope. These patients usually demonstrate symptomatic hypotension and syncope within a few to 30 minutes of being tilted upright by approximately 60 - 90 degrees. image of the brain taken after injection of radioactive isotopes into the circulation. Nuclear cerebral flow brain scan is used to support diagnosis of cerebral brain death Performed to identify occlusive disease in the carotid artery or its branches. Recommended in patients with PVD and neurologic symptoms such as TIAs, hemiparesis, paresthesia, dizziness, syncope, or acute speech or visual deficits. In patients with carotid bruit Indicated when CNS disease is suspected. Useful in diagnosis of brain tumors, infarction, bleeding, and hematomas. Noncontrast CT is initial imaging study to obtain when stroke is suspected. Provides radiographic visualization of the subarachnoid space of the spinal canal. Cord, nerve roots, and surround- ing meninges can be seen. Indicated in patients with severe back pain or localized neurologic signs that suggest narrowing of the spinal canal (i.e., herniated lumbar disc) visualize anatomy including 3 main structural divisions: cerebrum, brainstem, and cerebellum magnetic resonance angiogram, magnetic resonance an- giography. visualizes arterial blood flow
MRI Brain
deficiency, overload, or poisoning is suspected Factor-V-Leiden Used to diagnose V-Leiden thrombophilia Ferritin Most sensitive test to determine iron-deficiency anemia Iron level, total binding cpacity, and transferrin saturation Tests to evaluate iron metabolism in patients when iron Used to identify the presence of intravascular hemolysis. Haptoglobin protein is decreased when significant hemolysis occurs. Nonspecific for indicating type of hemolytic anemia indirect measurement of RBC number and volume. Rapid measurement of RBC count. Hemoglobin Measure of total amount of HgB in blood Internationalized Normal Ration (INR) blood-clotting test used to measure how quickly blood forms a clot compared with normal clotting time. Number of platelets (thrombocytes) per cubic milliliter Platelet count Protein C and Protein S of blood. Performed on patients who develop petechi- ae, spontaneous bleeding, increasingly heavy menses, or thrombocytopenia. Identifies patients who are deficient in protein C and/or S. Part of an evaluation of patients with coagulation disor- ders Evaluates the adequacy of the extrinsic system and com- mon pathway in the clotting mechanism Bence Jones protein a special protein found in the blood and urine, indicative of multiple myeloma Hematocrit Prothrombin Time (PT)