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This print-out should have 30 questions. Multiple-choice questions may continue on the next column or page – find all choices before answering. WRITE YOUR NAME, EID AND VER- SION NUMBER ON SCAN FORM AND BUBBLE IN APPROPRIATELY. SELECT THE BEST ANSWER TO THE FOLLOW- ING MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS AND BUBBLE IN THE SCAN FORM. AN- SWER ALL QUESTIONS. EACH QUES- TION IS WORTH 2 POINTS.
001 2.0 points What is major purpose of different RNA molecules?
- to transmit genetic information to the next generation
- to function in the synthesis of proteins correct
- to synthesize amino acids
- to store genetic information
- to act as a template to form DNA
Explanation: Comprehension and recall
002 2.0 points Sodium has 11 electrons arranged in three energy levels. The outer level has only one electron. In order to become stable, the atom loses an electron, thus exposing the previous level with 8 electrons, and subsequently becoming an ion with
- 1 negative charge.
- no charge.
- 8 positive charges.
- 8 negative charges.
- 1 positive charge. correct
Explanation: Sodium has 11 electrons and 11 protons. Once it loses an electron (leaving 2 in the s orbital and 8 in the p orbital), it has an extra positive charge.
003 2.0 points
Which group is basic and becomes posi- tively charged?
C
O
2. SH
3. OH
C O H
O
- NH 2 correct
Explanation: Comprehension and application
004 2.0 points The structures shown in the figure
N
H
H C
H
CH 2
C
O
OH H N
H
C
H
CH
C OH
O
OH
H 3 C CH 3
H 2 O
are (amino acids, sugars) and this reaction re- sults in the formation of what kind of bonds?
- amino acids; glycosidic bonds
- amino acids; hydrogen bonds
- sugars; ionic bonds
- amino acids; peptide bonds correct
- sugars; peptide bonds
Explanation: Factual recall and comprehension.
005 2.0 points You have eaten a potato chip that contained starch made of 10,000 glucose monomers com- bined together. After complete digestion through hydroly- sis, this will yield I) 10,000 glucose molecules. II) 10,000 water molecules. III) 9,999 water molecules. IV) 9,999 glucose molecules.
- I only correct
- II only
- I and II only
- I and III only
- III and IV only
Explanation: Hydrolysis is the breakdown of a larger molecule to simpler molecule. It uses wa- ter and does not form any water molecules. Hence a complete digestion of a polymer with 10,000 monomers will yield only 10, monomers. To go into further details, it will utilize 9999 water molecules to break down this larger polymer.
006 2.0 points If 128 of
H
HO
CH 2 OH
H
H
OH OH
H
H
OH
O
were covalently joined together, what would be the resulting molecule(s)?
- a polysaccharide and 127 water molecules
correct
- a polysaccharide and a polypeptide
- a polysaccharide
- 127 water molecules
- a polypeptide
- a polypeptide and 127 water molecules
Explanation:
007 2.0 points The molecular weight of NaOH is 40. To make a 0.5 M solution of NaOH, you should have
- 4 g of NaOH dissolved in 1 L of solution.
- 40 g of NaOH dissolved in 100 mL of solution.
- 4 g of NaOH dissolved in 100 mL of solution.
- 4 g of NaOH dissolved in 200 mL of solution. correct
- 40 g of NaOH dissolved in 1 L of solu- tion.
Explanation: 4 g dissolved in 200 mL:
4 g 200 mL
= 0.5 M
is the same as 20 g dissolved in 1000 mL:
20 g 1000 mL
= 0.5 M
008 2.0 points The figure below was generated by measuring the pH change in a solution buffered with acetic acid, after adding either 1 M HCl (acid) or 1 M NaOH (base).
G)
C OH H
H
H C OH
HO C H
HO C H
H C OH
C
H O H)
C OH H
H
H C OH
H C OH
HO C H
H C OH
C
H O
I)
C CH 2
H 3 N+
H C O
O
CH 2 S CH 3
J)
C C
H 3 C H H
CH 3
K)
P OH O
O−
L)
C OH H
H
H C OH
H C OH
H M) C C CH 2
H 2 N
H
SH
OH
O
N)
C C N
HC
N
C
NH 2
N CH N
C
C
H
O)
N H
H C H
H C OH
O
could be linked together to form a monomer of RNA?
- I, M, and O
- A, B, and L
- E, K, and N correct
- C and D
- G and H
Explanation: Comprehension
011 2.0 points
Which of the following structures will be most non-polar?
1. H C
H
H
C
H
O H
2. N
H
H O H
3. C
H
H C
H
O H
4. C
H
H O
5. H C
H
H
H correct
Explanation: Comprehension CH 4 is methane – a hydrocarbon. Oxygen or nitrogen make structures polar.
012 2.0 points Which of the following molecules can enter an animal cell by passing through the plasma membrane without the aid of a transport pro- tein?
- sodium ion
- peptide hormone
- starch
- steroid hormone CORRECT
- glucose Explanation: steroid hormones are polar and can diffuse through the membrane
013 2.0 points Which of the following correctly represents
the biological hierarchy of organization, from lowest to highest?
- atoms, elephant, trunk, muscles, amino acids, proteins
- elephant, trunk, muscles, amino acids, proteins, atoms
- atoms, muscles, mitochondria, proteins, elephant, trunk
- amino acids, proteins, muscle, trunk, ele- phant, atoms
- atoms, amino acids, proteins, mitochon- dria, muscle, trunk correct
Explanation: The hierarchy is atoms, molecules, macro- molecules, organelle, tissue, organ.
014 2.0 points The functional group of the amino acid thre- onine is OH. The functional group of the amino acid valine is methyl. Where would you expect to find these amino acids in globular protein in aqueous solution?
- Threonine would be in the interior, and valine would be on the exterior of the globular protein.
- Both would be in the interior of the glob- ular protein.
- Both would be on the exterior of the globular protein.
- Both would be in the interior and on the exterior of the globular protein.
- Valine would be in the interior, and thre- onine would be on the exterior of the globular protein. correct
Explanation: OH is hydrophillic and would be nor- mally found on the exterior and methyl group
in valine makes it hydrophobic and found in the interior part of a protein.
015 2.0 points Hydrogen bonds will be formed between
- two oxygen atoms.
- ammonia and a water molecule. correct
- two hydrogen atoms.
- C and O in carbon dioxide.
- Ca and Cl in CaCl 2.
Explanation: The hydrogen in water and the nitrogen in ammonia or the hydrogen in ammonia and the oxygen in water will make H-bonds.
016 2.0 points How will you prepare a 100 mL solution of 2% SDS from the stock solution of 10% SDS?
- mix 25 mL of SDS and 75 mL of water
- mix 2 mL of SDS and 98 mL of water
- mix 20 mL of SDS and 80 mL of water correct
- You need to know the molarity of SDS to calculate this.
- mix 50 mL of SDS and 50 mL of water
Explanation:
C 1 V 1 = C 2 V 2
- 10 V 1 = 0.02 (100 mL) V 1 = 20 mL of 10% SDS
The amount of water is then 100 mL − 20 mL = 80 mL.
017 2.0 points The molecule
Which part of a cell will contain this molecule as its main component?
- nucleus
- cell membrane correct
- cytoskeleton
- cell wall
- cytoplasm
Explanation: The above molecule is a phospholipid; they are major components of cell membranes.
022 2.0 points What happens when water vaporizes?
- ionic bonds are formed
- hydrogen bonds are broken correct
- polar covalent bonds are broken
- bonds are not broken nor formed
- hydrogen bonds are formed
Explanation: When water vaporizes, H-bonds between water molecules break to form water vapor.
023 2.0 points If you were to design a long-term research study to determine why there are no human births in Lapland during the months of Au- gust, September, and October, you would need to also examine a comparison popula- tion of humans in which births took place every month. The primary reason for including a com- parison population within the design of this experiment would be to
- accumulate more facts that could be re- ported to other scientists.
- prove that there are no births in Lapland
during August, September, and October.
- act as a control that would ensure that the results obtained are due to a difference in only one variable. correct
- act as a control that would ensure that the results obtained are due to multiple vari- ables.
- test the effects of more than one variable at the same time.
Explanation: Recall
024 2.0 points While you gradually increase the tempera- ture of a solution containing various biolog- ical molecules as indicated below, what will be the first bond or interaction that will be broken?
- phosphodiester linkage of RNA
- β-pleated sheet of a polypeptide correct
- ester bond of a diglyceride
- β-1,4 linkage of the α glucose monomers
- α-1,4 linkage of the β glucose monomers
Explanation:
025 2.0 points Humans can digest starch but not cellulose fibers because humans have enzymes that can digest only
- nonpolar covalent bonds but not polar covalent bonds.
- ionic bonds but not covalent bonds.
- β-1,4 glycosidic linkages but not α-1, glycosidic linkages.
- α-1,4 glycosidic linkages but not β-1, glycosidic linkages. correct
- peptide bonds but not glycosidic bonds.
Explanation:
026 (part 1 of 3) 2.0 points The phosphate group of DNA interacts with a positively charged amino acid side chain through
- an H-bond.
- hydrophylic interactions.
- a covalent bond.
- an ionic bond. correct
- hydrophobic interactions.
Explanation:
027 (part 2 of 3) 2.0 points When two amino acids with only SH groups in their side chains interact, they would form
- hydrophylic interactions.
- an ionic bond.
- an H-bond.
- a covalent bond. correct
- hydrophobic interactions.
Explanation:
028 (part 3 of 3) 2.0 points Two amino acid side chains with only CH 3 in their side chains will interact to form
- an H-bond.
- hydrophobic interactions. correct
- a covalent bond.
- hydrophylic interactions.
- an ionic bond. Explanation:
029 2.0 points The pH of black coffee is about 5. The hy- drogen ion concentration of beer is about one hundred times greater than that of coffee. What is the pH of beer?
- 2
- 7
- 5
- 3 correct
- 6 Explanation: Each change of one unit on the pH scale indicates a tenfold change in the H+concentration. A pH of 3 is one hundred times more acidic than a pH of 5.
030 2.0 points What is the functional group that is com- mon between the monomer of a protein and a monomer of a triglyceride?
- SH
- COOH correct
- PO 4 2 −
- C O
- NH 2 Explanation:
