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Chapter 1

Introduction to Information Systems

2

Major subjects

1. Why Should I Study Information Systems?

2. MIS & IT Jobs

3. Data vs Information vs (knowledge)

4. Types of Information Systems

5. How Does IT Impact Organizations?

6. Importance of Information Systems to Society

The Informed User—You!

1.You benefit more when you understand

what is “behind” IT applications

2.You can provide valuable input

3.You can recommend and help select IT

applications

4.You will be aware of new technology

5.You understand how IT improves

performance

6.Understanding IT is beneficial to

entrepreneurs

IT Offers Career Opportunities

• (^) IT is vital to modern business, providing

many lucrative career opportunities:

o Programmers, business analysts, systems

analysts, and designers

o Chief information officer (CIO)—executive

in charge of the IS function

o Career opportunities will remain strong in

the future

Top Job Rankings: U.S. News &

World Report U.S. News & World Report (out of 100)

• (^) #1 Information Security Analysis
• (^) #5 Software Developer
• (^) #6 Data Scientist
• (^) #11 IT Manager
• (^) #27 Computer Systems Analyst
• (^) #32 Web Developer
• (^) #38 Database Administrator
• (^) #48 Computer Network Architect
• (^) #52 Computer System Administrator
• (^) #68 Computer Support Specialist

Top Job Rankings: Glassdoor

Glassdoor (out of 50) #1 User Interface Designer #26 Business Analyst #2 Java Developer #27 Systems Engineer #3 Data Scientist #29 Scrum Master #4 Product Manager #32 Software Developer #5 DevOps Engineer #33 Cloud Engineer #6 Data Engineer #46 Automation Engineer #7 Software Engineer #49 Network Engineer #18 Applications Engineer

10 Managing Information Resources

• (^) Managing Information Resources is difficult and complex because: - (^) IS has an enormous strategic value to organizations - (^) IS’s are very expensive to acquire, operate, and maintain - (^) Evolution of the MIS function within the organization
• (^) MIS personnel vs. end users
• (^) Changing Role of the IS Department
  • (^) Traditional Function of the MIS Department
  • (^) New (Consultative) Functions of the MIS Department

11 Figure 1.1 MIS provides what users see on their computer screens.

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New (Consultative) Functions of the MIS Department

• (^) Initiating and designing specific strategic IS
• (^) Incorporating the Internet and e-commerce into the business
• (^) Managing system integration including Internet, Intranets, and Extranets
• (^) Educating the non-MIS staff about IT
• (^) Educating the MIS staff about the business
• (^) Partnering with business-unit executives
• (^) Managing outsourcing
• (^) Proactively using business and technical knowledge to seed innovative IT ideas
• (^) Creating business alliances with business partners

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1.2 Overview of Computer-Based Information Systems

• (^) The basic components of computer-based information

systems are listed below (the first four are called

information technology components)

 (^) Hardware  (^) Software  (^) Database  (^) Network  (^) Procedures  (^) People

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FIGURE 1.2 Data, Information, and Knowledge.

In contemporary systems, there is a growing interdependence between a firm’s information systems and its business capabilities. Changes in strategy, rules, and business processes increasingly require changes in hardware, software, databases, and telecommunications. Often, what the organization would like to do depends on what its systems will permit it to do. The Interdependence Between Organizations and Information Technology

19 Types of Computer-Based Information Systems

Types of Computer-Based

Information Systems

• (^) Breadth of support of ISs
• (^) Support for organizational employees