Hole's Human Anatomy & Physiology Test Bank for Chapter 19 Respiratory System, Exams of Anatomy

Download Hole's Human Anatomy & Physiology Test Bank for Chapter 19 Respiratory System and more Exams Anatomy in PDF only on Docsity! Chapter 19 Hole's Human Anatomy & Physiology 9th edition David Shier, Ricki Lewis, Jackie Butler,2024 Test Bank for Chapter 19 Respiratory System Complete (multiple choice & true or false) Respiratory System Multiple Choice Quiz Please answer all questions 1 The exchange of gases between the blood and the cells of the body is called _________________. A )external respiration B )internal respiration C )pulmonary ventilation D )cellular respiration 2 Which of these functions cannot be attributed to the mucous membrane that lines the nasal cavity? A )warms incoming air B )filters particles from incoming air C )moistens incoming air D )initial gas exchange between air and blood occurs here 3 The ____________ cartilage(s) mark(s) the lowermost portion of the larynx. A)cricoid B)thyroid C)epiglottic D)corniculate 4 The true vocal cords are those that produce the sounds of the human voice. Where are these located? A)opposite the cuneiform cartilages B)superior to the false vocal cords C)inferior to the false vocal cords D)within the pharynx 5 Within the bronchial tree, which tubes are small branches that enter the lobules of the lungs? A)terminal bronchioles B)alveolar ducts C)intralobular bronchioles D)lobar bronchi 6 Thin-walled outpouchings of the alveolar ducts of the lungs are the ___________________. A)alveolar ducts B)alveolar sacs C)alveoli D)respiratory bronchioles 15 Within the blood, oxygen is primarily transported __________________ while the bulk of carbon dioxide is transported _________________. A)in association with hemoglobin; as carbon dioxide, dissolved in the plasma B)as deoxyhemoglobin; as carbaminohemoglobin C)as oxyhemoglobin; as bicarbonate ions D)dissolved in the plasma; as carbaminohemoglobin 16 What is the first structure in this respiratory sequence? A)lungs B)trachea C)larynx D)pharynx 17 Which structures play the greatest role in warming and humidifying air? A)ethmoid sinus B)soft palate C)conchae D)frontal sinus 18 The area directly superior to the soft palate is the _____. A)larynx B)nasopharynx C)oral cavity D)oropharynx 19 Which sinuses are not paranasal sinuses? A)mastoid B)ethmoid C)sphenoid D)frontal 20 Where are the pharyngeal tonsils located? A)oropharynx B)oral cavity C)laryngopharynx D)nasopharynx 21 Which passageway serves as a common route for food or air? A)esophagus B)laryngopharynx C)oropharynx D)trachea 22 What is the opening to the larynx called? A)trachea B)epiglottis C)laryngopharynx D)glottis 23 What is the Adam's apple directly part of? A)thyroid cartilage B)tracheal rings C)cricoid cartilage D)epiglottis 24 Which part of the respiratory tree has the greatest relative percentage of smooth muscle fibers? A)trachea B)alveoli C)bronchi D)bronchioles 25 The only structures that allow gas diffusion across them are the _____. A)bronchioles B)alveoli C)alveolar ducts D)bronchi 26 Which principle normally prevents the alveoli from collapsing during expiration? A)the thickness of the alveolar membranes B)the amount of cartilage within bronchi C)pressure within the thoracic cavity D)secretion of surfactant B)False 4 The alveoli exchange gases between the air and the capillaries within them. A)True B)False 5 The diaphragm is a dome-shaped smooth muscle organ innervated by the phrenic nerves. A)True B)False 6 The surface tension associated with the lungs can either cause the lungs to expand or collapse. A)True B)False 7 Respiratory distress syndrome in an infant results from an inability to breathe because of excess surfactant production in the alveoli by type I cells. A)True B)False 8 During inspiration the diaphragm moves upward while thorax expands and moves outward. A)True B)False 9 When the diaphragm contracts the pressure within the thoracic cavity decreases. A)True B)False 10 The compliance of the lung increases as the lungs expand. A)True B)False 11 The anatomical dead space represents the air that is trapped in the alveoli and is around 150cc. A)True B)False 12 The alveolar dead space is a volume of air that cannot cross the alveoli because of a disease process. A)True B)False 13 Bronchogenic carcinoma is a lung cancer that has spread or metastasized from some outside organ. A)True B)False 14 The alveolar ventilation rate is usually less than the minute respiratory volume. A)True B)False 15 There are chemoreceptors in the aortic and carotid bodies which are very sensitive to fluctuations in the levels of blood oxygen. A)True B)False 16 Decreasing blood oxygen and increasing carbon dioxide cause the major increases seen in breathing rate during strenuous exercise. A)True B)False 17 Hyperventilation causes its symptoms mainly because it results in respiratory acidosis. A)True B)False 18 The respiratory membrane is the simple squamous epithelium of the alveoli. A)True B)False 19 There are phagocytic cells within the lungs that move among the alveoli to remove foreign particles. A)True B)False 20 If the alveolar partial pressure of carbon dioxide was 45 mm Hg, carbon dioxide would not readily diffuse into the air. A)True B)False 5 Most of the respiratory passage surface is lined with _____. A)pseudostratified epithelium B)simple columnar cells C)stratified squamous cells D)simple squamous epithelium 6 Which of the following is not a property of the mucous lining of the respiratory tract? A)warms incoming air B)contains microvilli C)contains cilia D)cleanses particles 7 Which of the following does not contain a sinus? A)frontal bone B)ethmoid C)zygomatic bone D)sphenoid bone 8 What is the anatomical term for the throat? A)larynx B)pharynx C)trachea D)esophagus 9 Where are the palatine tonsils located? A)oral pharynx B)nasal pharynx C)laryngeal pharynx D)nasal cavity proper 10 The epiglottis is part of the _____ and covers the glottis. A)trachea B)oral pharynx C)larynx D)laryngeal pharynx 11 The true vocal cords move because they are attached to the ______ cartilage. A)thyroid B)cricoid C)corniculate D)arytenoid 12 C-shaped pieces of cartilage are found within the _____. A)trachea B)bronchioles C)larynx D)pharynx 13 The carina separates the _____ from each other. A)lungs B)secondary bronchi C)primary bronchi D)trachea and bronchi 14 There are _____ secondary bronchi? A)2 B)4 C)5 D)6 15 The bronchioles enter the _____ of the lungs. A)carina B)hilus C)lobules D)alveoli 16 The functional gas exchanging units are termed _____. A)lobules B)lobar areas C)alveoli D)bronchioles B)inhalation C)exhalation D)ventilation 26 What prevents the alveoli from collapsing during exhalation? A)surface tension B)cartilage C)phospholipids D)pressure 27 The main force causing the exhalation of air is the _____. A)contraction of diaphragm B)elastic recoil C)diaphragm relaxation D)intercostal muscles 28 During inspiration the intra-alveolar pressure reaches _____. A)760 mmHg B)758 mmHg C)763 mmHg D)730 mmHg 29 A pneumothorax occurs when the thoracic pleural pressure reaches around _____ mmHg. A)780 B)760 C)755 D)0 30 The _____ muscle can cause a forced exhalation. A)diaphragm B)pectoralis major C)internal intercostal D)external intercostal 31 The amount of air that enters the lungs during normal, restful breathing is called the _____. A)vital capacity B)tidal air volume C)total lung capacity D)expiratory reserve volume 32 The amount of air that cannot be expelled is the _____. A)total lung capacity B)expiratory reserve volume C)functional residual capacity D)residual volume 33 Which of these is the sum of the other three? A)tidal volume B)expiratory reserve C)vital capacity D)inspiratory reserve 34 The total amount of air that cannot be exchanged either because of disease or because it cannot reach an exchange site is termed the _____. A)anatomical dead space B)physiologic dead space C)residual volume D)functional reserve capacity 35 The condition characterized by alveolar fibrosis with difficulty exhaling is _____. A)bronchial asthma B)bronchogenic carcinoma C)emphysema D)poliomyelitis 36 The condition characterized by difficulty breathing due to an allergic response is _____. A)pulmonary cancer B)bronchial asthma C)tuberculosis D)atelectasis 37 Non-respiratory movements are most easily triggered by stimuli in which of these areas? A)larynx B)alveoli C)distal bronchioles D)alveolar ducts 46 Which is the most common cause of hyperventilation? A)low pH B)high pH C)anxiety D)high carbon dioxide 47 Which is the most abundant gas in the atmosphere? A)oxygen B)carbon dioxide C)argon D)nitrogen 48 What is the partial pressure of atmospheric oxygen? A)160 mm Hg B)21% C)760 mm Hg D)0.3 mm Hg 49 What is the normal PCO2 of the capillary blood? A)0.05 mm Hg B)45 mm Hg C)40 mm Hg D)104 mmHg 50 What is the normal PO2 of the alveolar air? A)40 mm Hg B)45 mm Hg C)104 mm Hg D)50 mm Hg 51 Where is the highest amount of carbon dioxide found? A)in the air B)in the alveoli C)the arteries entering the lung D)the veins leaving the lung 52 Which condition is characterized by inflammation and infection involving the alveoli? A)ARDS B)tuberculosis C)pneumonia D)atelectasis 53 Most of the oxygen in the blood is found in the _____. A)plasma B)hemoglobin C)iron D)capillaries 54 At high PO2 levels, where is most oxygen located? A)oxyhemoglobin B)hemoglobin C)plasma D)free heme 55 Which of the following factors favors a release of oxygen from hemoglobin? A)decreased CO2 B)decreased pH C)lower blood temperature D)increased pH 56 Which of these has the highest affinity for hemoglobin? A)CO2 B)nitrogen C)O2 D)CO 57 Where is most carbon dioxide transported? A)in the plasma B)as carbaminohemoglobin C)as bicarbonate D)on the heme 58 The most important factor that allows the blood to carry carbon dioxide in high amounts is _____. A)pressure