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Introduction - Distributed Operating Systems - Lecture Slides, Slides of Operating Systems
Distributed Operating Systems course is designed to examine the fundamental principles of distributed systems, and provide students hands-on experience in developing distributed protocols. This lecture includes: Introduction, Operating System, Distribution Transparency, Openness in Distributed Systems, Scalability, Amazon Web Services, Elastic Compute Cloud
Typology: Slides
2013/2014
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Introduction
What is an Operating System?
- The text:
- “an intermediary between the user of a computer and the computer hardware”
- “manages the computer hardware”
- “an amazing aspect of operating systems is how varied they are in accomplishing these tasks … mainframe operating systems … personal computer operating systems … operating systems for handheld computers …”
Course Aims
- Provide an understanding of the technical issues involved in the design of modern distributed (operating) systems
- Appreciate the main principles underlying distributed systems: processes, communication, naming, synchronization, replication and consistency, fault tolerance, and security
What is a distributed system?
What are the design goals?
What is distribution transparency?
Openness in Distributed Systems
An open distributed system
Offers services according to standard rules that describe
syntax and semantics of the services
Can interact with services from other open systems,
irrespective of the underlying environment
Examples
In computer networks, standard rules govern the format,
contents and meaning of messages sent and received
In distributed systems, services are specified through
interface description language (IDL)
So, what is Scalability?
Centralized Solutions: Obstacles for Achieving Size Scalability
Examples of scalability limitations.
Concept Example Centralized services A single server for all users Centralized data A single on-line telephone book Centralized algorithms Doing routing based on complete information
Characteristics of Decentralized Algorithms
- No machine has complete information about the system state
- Machines make decisions based only on local information
- Failure of one machine does not ruin the algorithm
- Three is no implicit assumption that a global clock exists