Microcontrollers - Embedded Microcomputer Systems - Reference Manual | ECE 4437, Exams of Electrical and Electronics Engineering

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MOTOROLA.COM/SEMICONDUCTORS

HCS

Microcontrollers

S12CPUV2/D Rev. 0

S12CPUV

Reference Manual

7/

Revision History

Reference Manual S12CPUV 4 Revision History MOTOROLA

Revision History

Date RevisionLevel Description (^) Number(s)Page July, 2003 0 Initial release^ N/A

S12CPUV2 Reference Manual

S12CPUV2 Reference Manual

8 Table of Contents MOTOROLA

10 Table of Contents MOTOROLA

Table of Contents

Table of Contents

14 Table of Contents MOTOROLA

Reference Manual S12CPUV 16 List of Figures MOTOROLA

List of Figures

S12CPUV2 Reference Manual

List of Tables

Table Title Page

S12CPUV2 Reference Manual

MOTOROLA Introduction 19

Reference Manual — S12CPUV

Section 1. Introduction

1.1 Introduction

This manual describes the features and operation of the core (central processing unit, or CPU, and development support functions) used in all HCS12 microcontrollers. For reference, information is provided for the M68HC12.

1.2 Features

The CPU12 is a high-speed, 16-bit processing unit that has a programming model identical to that of the industry standard M68HC central processor unit (CPU). The CPU12 instruction set is a proper superset of the M68HC11 instruction set, and M68HC11 source code is accepted by CPU12 assemblers with no changes.

• Full 16-bit data paths supports efficient arithmetic operation and high-speed math execution
• Supports instructions with odd byte counts, including many single-byte instructions. This allows much more efficient use of ROM space.
• An instruction queue buffers program information so the CPU has immediate access to at least three bytes of machine code at the start of every instruction.
• Extensive set of indexed addressing capabilities, including:
  • Using the stack pointer as an indexing register in all indexed operations
  • Using the program counter as an indexing register in all but auto increment/decrement mode
  • Accumulator offsets using A, B, or D accumulators
  • Automatic index predecrement, preincrement, postdecrement, and postincrement (by –8 to +8)

Reference Manual S12CPUV

Reference Manual S12CPUV

Reference Manual S12CPUV

Reference Manual S12CPUV

Reference Manual S12CPUV

20 Introduction MOTOROLA

Introduction

1.3 Symbols and Notation

The symbols and notation shown here are used throughout the manual. More specialized notation that applies only to the instruction glossary or instruction set summary are described at the beginning of those sections.

1.3.1 Abbreviations for System Resources

A — Accumulator A B — Accumulator B D — Double accumulator D (A : B) X — Index register X Y — Index register Y SP — Stack pointer PC — Program counter CCR — Condition code register S — STOP instruction control bit X — Non-maskable interrupt control bit H — Half-carry status bit I — Maskable interrupt control bit N — Negative status bit Z — Zero status bit V — Two’s complement overflow status bit C — Carry/Borrow status bit