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Code of Hammurabi
The Code of Hammurabi is a well-preserved Babylonian law code, dating back to about 1772 BC. Circa 1780 BC Babylonian Code of Law back in ancient times TERM 2
King Narmer
(Menes)
DEFINITION 2 King Narmar was the first king of the two lands wearing the White Crown of Upper Egypt (looks like a bowling pin), and the Red Crown of Lower Egypt. 3100 BC Egypt United Upper and Lower Egypt Tabletsymbolic ofunification. TERM 3
Queen Hatshepsut
DEFINITION 3 Hatshepsut (; also Hatchepsut; meaning Foremost of Noble Ladies; 1508-1458BC) was the fifth pharaoh of the eighteenth dynasty of Ancient Egypt. 1508-1458 BC Egypt Co - rule w/ step-son. "Woman King" TERM 4
Pharaoh Akhenaten
DEFINITION 4 Aten - God of the sun disk Supplanted worship of Amun Monotheism Egypt new Kingdom Amenhotep IV TERM 5
Thera
DEFINITION 5 Island Near Greece known for volcano Eruption 1600 BC North America Tree Ring Data ArchaeologicalEvidence 1500 BC Akrotiri devastation, Saffron Gatherers, Blue Monkeys
Sea People
The Sea Peoples were a confederacy of seafaring raiders of the second millennium BC who sailed into the eastern Mediterranean, caused political unrest, and attempted to enter or control Egyptian territory during the late 19th dynasty and especially during year 8 of Ramesses III of the 20th Dynasty. 1200-500 BC Destroyed Mycenaean TERM 7
Cyrus the Great
DEFINITION 7 APersianking who overthrew the Babylonians conquered in 539 BC. Persian king, Conquered Babylon in 539 BC Aloud Jews to return to Babylon TERM 8
Tyranny
DEFINITION 8 A tyrant was originally one who illegally seized and controlled a governmental power in a polis. Benelivant or not. Corinth was a Tyranny. Like dictatorship. TERM 9
Oligarchy
DEFINITION 9 Oligarchy is a form of power structure in which power effectively rests with a small number of people. Small group of elite people. Sparta was an Oligarchy TERM 10
Democracy
DEFINITION 10 Democracy is an egalitarian form of government in which all the citizens of a nation together determine public policy, the laws and the actions of their state, requiring that all citizens have an equal opportunity to express their opinion. Athens was a Democracy. Had Magistrates.
Thucydides
Thucydides, son of Melesias () was a prominent politician of ancient Athens and the leader for a number of years of the powerful conservative faction. 455-399 BC Athens A general and one of the most famous historians. Responsible forestablishingwestern civilization's tradition of history writing. General and Historian TERM 17
Socrates
DEFINITION 17 Socrates of Athens, The most famous philosopher of the Golden Age. 469-399 BC Athens Taught ethics and justice -Contrastto Sophists. Teacher of Critias - Leader of Thirty tyrants TERM 18
Plato
DEFINITION 18 He was a Classical Greek philosopher, mathematician, student of Socrates, writer of philosophical dialogues, and founder of the Academy in Athens, the first institution of higher learning in the Western world. 429-347 BC Athens Plato Questioned democracy, because men are created unequal. His ideal republic included philosophers as kings. TERM 19
Aristotle
DEFINITION 19 Aristotle (384 BC- 322 BC) was a Greek philosopher and polymath, a student of Plato and teacher of Alexander the Great. 384-322 BC Athens Reasonbased on observation, Denies Plato's forms. Thinks middle-class should lead, thinks that current can be corrupt. TERM 20
Successor Kings
DEFINITION 20 Three major Hellenistickingdomsarose from thedivisionof Alexander's empire after his death. 382-281 BC Antigonus - Anatolia (Near East, Macedonia, and Greece) Seleucus - Babylon and the East as far as India Ptolemy - Egypt. Self-declared monarchs.
Etruscans
Etruscan civilization is the modern English name given to a civilization of ancient Italy in the area corresponding roughly to Tuscany. People north of the Tiber River. Dominated Rome in the 6th Century BC Influenced Rom a lot,Architecture, Divination, Death Masks, Funeral Processions, etc... TERM 22
The Rape of the Sabine Women
DEFINITION 22 The Rape of the Sabine Women is an episode in the legendary history of Rome in which the first generation of Roman men acquired wives for themselves from the neighboring Sabine families. Beginning of Rome. Geographically inclusionary. Women stopped the war cause they were treated well. TERM 23
The Rape of Lucretia
DEFINITION 23 509 BC Monarchy put down and establishment of the Roman Republic. Elite fear of abuse of power, King Tarquin's son Raped Lucretia. 509 BC Lucius Junius Brutus expelled Tarquin. Lucretia killed herself after. TERM 24
Mos Maiorum
DEFINITION 24 The mos maiorum is the unwritten code from which the ancient Romans derived their social norms. Literallymeans "Way of theAncestors" Old-fashioned meant good because tested by long experience. Ancestors handed down their values from ancient times, those values were Mos maiorum. TERM 25
patria potestas
DEFINITION 25 The head of a Roman family. Power over children of any age and slaves. Gave him legal ownership of all propertyacquiredby his dependents. As long as he was alive no son or daughter could own anything, make money or possess any independent legal standing.
Cleopatra
Cleopatra VII Philopator (Greek, 69 BC - 30 BC) was the last pharaoh of Ancient Egypt. Had a romance with Warrior Mark Antony lasting for some time. Egypt partner of Rome at this time. Cleopatra's not Egyptian by blood. TERM 32
Octavian (Caesar Augustus)
DEFINITION 32 Augustus was born into an equestrian family as Gaius Octavius at Rome on 23 September 63 BC. 31 BC Octavian killed Marc Antony at the battle of Actium Greece. Was a part of the 2ndTriumvirate, which included Marc Antony Became Principate of Rome. Augustas of Prima Porta Decendant of Venus - Borrowing heavily onGreekand roman mythology. Had thePraetorianGuard (Police) DescendantofJuliusCaesar and Aeneas. TERM 33
Princeps
DEFINITION 33 Princeps is a Latin word meaning "first in time or order; the first, chief, the most eminent, distinguished, or noble; the first man, first person." Traditionally was anhonorarytitle for the leading senator. TERM 34
Pontifex Maximus
DEFINITION 34 The Pontifex Maximus was the high priest of the College of Pontiffs (Collegium Pontificum) in ancient Rome. High priest, a position that all the emperors since Augustus had Filled. TERM 35
Pax Romanum
DEFINITION 35 Pax Romana was the long period of relative peace and minimal expansion by military force experienced by the Roman Empire in the 1st and 2nd centuries AD. Roman Peace Till the 3rd Century AD
Forum romanum
The Roman Forum is a rectangular forum (plaza) surrounded by the ruins of several important ancient government buildings at the center of the city of Rome. A gatheringplacefor religious rituals andceremoniesmarking the passage into adulthood of upper- class boys. TERM 37
Praetorian Guard
DEFINITION 37 The Praetorian Guard was a force of bodyguards used by Roman Emperors. 27 BC-14 AD Stationed soldiers in Rome itself, first of its kind. Prevented rebellion in the capital and provided an imperial bodyguard, a visible reminder of the emperor's dominance. TERM 38
Queen Boudicca
DEFINITION 38 Part of the Celtic tribe Iceni and was a warrior who killed over 70,000 Romans. 43AD Went into Rome. Burned Colchester, London, and Verulanium. TERM 39
Josephus
DEFINITION 39 Titus Flavius Josephus (37 - 100), was a 1st-century Romano-Jewish historian and hagiographer of priestly and royal ancestry who recorded Jewish history, with special emphasis on the 1st century AD and the First Jewish-Roman War, which resulted in the Destruction of Jerusalem and its temple in 70. Jewish historian. TERM 40
Apocalypticism
DEFINITION 40 Apocalypticism is the religious belief that there will be an apocalypse, a term which originally referred to a revelation of God's will, but now usually refers to belief that the world will come to an end time very soon, even within one's own lifetime. End of present cosmos. Establishment of eternal kingdom.
Treyarchy
Diocletian and Maximian Abdicated 305. Constantius D. 306. Son of constantatin claimed power. TERM 47
Constantine
DEFINITION 47 Emperor as demi-god. 272-337 AD Re-used past monuments. Arch of Constantine - Sun God - Sol - Constantine's Favorite. Donated to the people. Free choice of religion - blending religions together. TERM 48
Edict of Milan
DEFINITION 48 The Edict of Milan was a letter signed by emperors Constantine I and Licinius that proclaimed religious toleration in the Roman Empire. 313 AD Referred to the empire's protection by "the highest divinity." TERM 49
Council of Nicea
DEFINITION 49 In 323 Council condemned writings of Arius. The Nicene Creed: Son was "one in being with the Father." Nature of Jesus was what the council was about. TERM 50
Augustine of Hippo
DEFINITION 50 Lived 345- Author of City of God, 413- Christians not responsible for the sack of Rome )410) Ideal State. Advocated no sex as the purest choice for Christians because he believed that Adam and Eve's disobedience had forever ruined the original harmony that God had created between human will and human passions.
Aurelius Symmachus
Quintus Aurelius Symmachus (c. 345 402) was a Roman statesman, orator, andman of letters. Symmachus sought to preserve the traditional religions of Rome at a time when the aristocracy was converting to Christianity.
