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NASM-CPT (7TH EDITION) CHAPTER 4 STUDY GUIDE
Typology: Exams
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Autonomy - ANSWER Acting in accordance with how one wants to behave. Third Space - ANSWER A communal space, separate from home or work, where the client experiences their own sense of identity and relationship to others. Behavior Change Techniques (BCTs) - ANSWER Client interventions that are used to change some determinant of behavior. Self-Efficacy - ANSWER One's belief that they can complete a task, goal, or performance; also known as self-confidence. Self-Monitoring - ANSWER Observing, measuring, and evaluating one's own behavior, often in the form of a diary or log. Determinants Of Behavior - ANSWER Refers to the psychological, social, or environmental factors that influence behavior. Intention - ANSWER A construct that captures motivational factors that influence behavior. It indicates how hard people are willing to try and how much effort they are planning to exert. Self-Determination Theory - ANSWER A broad theoretical framework for the study of human motivation. Autonomous Motivation - ANSWER When motives for exercise relate to valuing the outcome, when exercise is consistent with the client's identity, or when the client enjoys exercise. Planning - ANSWER A concrete representation of when and where exercise will occur. Attitudes - ANSWER The degree to which a person has a favorable or unfavorable evaluation of the behavior of interest. Outcome Expectations - ANSWER The expected positive and negative consequences of a behavior. Stress - ANSWER The state of mental or emotional tension from demanding circumstances.
Perceived Behavioral Control - ANSWER An evaluation of whether one has the means, resources, and opportunities to perform a behavior. Affective Judgement - ANSWER Referring to expected pleasure or enjoyment. Subjective Norms - ANSWER Belief that an important person or group of people will approve and support a behavior. Precontemplation - ANSWER Client does not exercise and is not planning to start exercising within 6 months. Contemplation - ANSWER When a person is thinking about implementing change but has not yet taken any steps to get started; an individual may take action within the next 6 months. Preparation - ANSWER The client intends to act in the near future, usually within the next month. Action - ANSWER The client has made specific modifications in their exercise routine within the past 6 months. Maintenance - ANSWER The client has been exercising for more than 6 months and is working to prevent relapse. Decisional Balance - ANSWER Reflects the clients' weighing of the pros and cons of changing. Empathy - ANSWER The ability to identify with another person's feelings, attitudes, or thoughts. Rapport - ANSWER A relationship in which two people understand each other's ideas, have respect for one another, and communicate well. Reflective Listening - ANSWER The process of seeking to understand the meaning of the speaker's words and restating the idea back to the speaker to confirm that they were understood correctly. Active Listening - ANSWER Listening style that involves having genuine interest in what the speaker is saying; requires the listener to fully concentrate to understand the speaker's message. Closed-Ended Questions - ANSWER Directive questions that can be answered with one word, typically a yes or no. Open-Ended Questions - ANSWER Nondirective questions that can't be answered with a simple yes or no; they require critical thinking to formulate a response.
Imagery - ANSWER The process created to produce internalized experiences. Appearance Imagery - ANSWER When a person imagines appearance or healthrelated outcomes. Energy Imagery - ANSWER When a person creates mental images that increase energy and/or relieve stress. Technique Imagery - ANSWER When individuals mentally rehearse their technique. Psyching Up - ANSWER The process to get oneself into a state of psychological readiness for performance. Improved Self-Efficacy - ANSWER Set specific tasks: break down exercises or goals into easier-to-achieve tasks. Build the stepping stones for progressively more challenging exercises or behaviors. Improved Self-Efficacy - ANSWER Provide instructions: provide instructions on how to perform the behavior. This can be in person, in writing, or in video. Improved Self-Efficacy - ANSWER Practice for mastery: encourage frequent practice of challenging tasks with adequate feedback to enhance learning. Improved Self-Efficacy - ANSWER Communicate positively: use positive encouragement to help clients believe they have the ability to change for the better. Positive Outcome Expectations and Attitudes - ANSWER Supply information: present foundational science on the health benefits of exercise and the consequences of sedentary behavior. Positive Outcome Expectations and Attitudes - ANSWER Prompt anticipated regret: help clients imagine how their life would be different by changing a behavior compared with the consequences of not changing it. Positive Outcome Expectations and Attitudes - ANSWER Apply motivational interviewing: use guiding questions that prompt clients to engage in critical thinking that helps resolve ambivalence about change. Manage Social Influence - ANSWER Encourage social support: ask clients how they plan to gain social support from friends and family. Manage Social Influence - ANSWER Foster discipline: help clients build skills for resisting social pressure. Promote Self-Regulation - ANSWER Make a plan: provide detailed planning on when and where clients will engage in exercise.
Promote Self-Regulation - ANSWER Identify coping responses: list potential barriers and make plans to overcome each one. Promote Self-Regulation - ANSWER Set SMART goals: set both short-term and long- term goals that are specific, measurable, attainable, realistic, and timely. Promote Self-Regulation - ANSWER Promote self-monitoring:" encourage clients to keep records of the specific behavior they want to change to help enhance adherence to the program.