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NSG 3280 EXAM 3 (GALEN) NEWEST 2025 ACTUAL EXAM
TEST BANK| NSG3280 PATHOPHYSIOLOGY FOR NURSES
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Risk factors for hemorrhagic stroke include: a. atherosclerosis. b. dysrhythmias. c. acute hypertension. d. sedentary lifestyle. - Correct Answer - c. acute hypertension. The stroke etiology with the highest morbidity and mortality is: a. intracranial hemorrhage. b. intracranial thrombosis. c. intracranial embolization. d. cardiac arrest. - Correct Answer - a. intracranial hemorrhage Clinical manifestations of a stroke within the right cerebral hemisphere include: a. cortical blindness. b. right visual field blindness. c. expressive and receptive aphasia.
d. left-sided muscle weakness and neglect. - Correct Answer - d. left- sided muscle weakness and neglect. The most important preventive measure for hemorrhagic stroke is: a. anticoagulation. b. blood pressure control. c. thrombolytics. d. management of dysrhythmias. - Correct Answer - B. blood pressure control. Intracranial pressure normally ranges from - mm Hg a. O to 15 b. 10 to 20 c. 15 to 25 d. 20 to 30 - Correct Answer - a. O to 15
- edema occurs when ischemic tissue swells because of cellular energy failure. a. Interstitial b. Osmotic c. Vasogenic d. Cytotoxic - Correct Answer - d. Cytotoxic
c. subdural hemorrhage. d. meningitis. - Correct Answer - B. Subarachnoid hemorrhage Leakage of CS from the nose or ears is commonly associated with: a. epidural hematoma. b. temporal skull fracture. c. basilar skull fracture. d. cerebral aneurysm. - Correct Answer - c. basilar skull fracture. Rupture of a cerebral aneurysm should be suspected if the patient reports: a. ringing in the ears. b. transient episodes of numbness. c. transient episodes of vertigo. d. sudden, severe headache. - Correct Answer - D. sudden, severe headache Subarachnoid hemorrhage is usually managed with volume expansion and blood pressure support to enhance cerebral perfusion. This is necessary because subarachnoid hemorrhage predisposes to: a. cerebral vasospasm. b. hypotension. c. excessive volume loss.
d. decreased intracranial pressure. - Correct Answer - a. cerebral vasospasm. A college student living in a dormitory reports a stiff neck and headache and is found to have a fever of 102°F. This information is most consistent with: a. encephalitis. b. meningitis. c. skull fracture. d. cerebral ischemia. - Correct Answer - b. meningitis A patient who experiences early symptoms of muscle twitching, cramping, and stiffness of the hands may be demonstrating signs of: a. Guillain-Barré syndrome. b. amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. c. Parkinson disease. d. hydrocephalus. - Correct Answer - b. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis What type of seizure usually occurs in children and is characterized by brief staring spells? a. Epileptic b. Idiopathic c. Partial
Which neurologic disorder is commonly referred to as Lou Gehrig disease? a. Multiple sclerosis b. Parkinson disease c. Alzheimer disease d. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis - Correct Answer - d. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Which statement is true about the incidence of multiple sclerosis? a. The age of onset ranges from 20 to 40 years. b. MS is more common in men than women. c. There is a higher incidence of MS in military veterans. d. There is a higher rate of MS in African-Americans. - Correct Answer - a. The age of onset ranges from 20 to 40 years. Orthostatic hypotension may be a manifestation of: a. Alzheimer disease. b. multiple sclerosis. c. Parkinson disease. d. amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. - Correct Answer - c. Parkinson disease
Which conditions are risk factors for the development of cerebral palsy? (Select all that apply.) a. Birth trauma b. Seizure disorder c. Kernicterus d. Prenatal maternal infection e. Scoliosis - Correct Answer - A. Birth trauma C. Kernicterus D. Prenatal maternal infection Which are common causes of acquired parkinsonism? (Select all that apply.) a. Degeneration of dopaminergic neurons b. History of infection c. History of intoxication d. History of trauma e. Seizure disorder - Correct Answer - B. history of infection C. history of intoxication D. history of trauma Pain is thought of as:
d. within 10 to 15 cm area. - Correct Answer - c. within the same dermatome. Slow pain sensation is transmitted primarily by: a. group la afferents. b. motor neurons. c. unmyelinated C fibers. d. A fibers - Correct Answer - c. unmyelinated C fibers. Which treatment is helpful in neuropathic pain but not used for acute pain? a. Narcotic analgesics b. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and aspirin c. Anticonvulsants d. Nonnarcotic analgesics - Correct Answer - c. Anticonvulsants The physiologic mechanisms involved in the pain phenomenon are termed: a. nociception. b. sensitization.
c. neurotransmission. d. proprioception. - Correct Answer - a. nociception It is useful to conceptualize pain physiology according to the four stages because each stage provides an opportunity for: a. education. b. stimulation. c. intervention. d. documentation. - Correct Answer - c. Intervention Most sensory afferent pain fibers enter the spinal cord by way of the _ nerve roots a. anterior b. posterior c. C fiber d. anterolateral - Correct Answer - b. posterior The - is the level of painful stimulation required to be perceived. a. perception b. tolerance
c. sinus d. chronic - Correct Answer - b. migraine It is true that a conductive hearing loss: a. cannot be corrected. b. is as a result of damage to hair cells in the inner ear. c. usually results from chronic exposure to loud noise. d. is because of dysfunction of outer and middle ear structures. - Correct Answer - d. is because of dysfunction of outer and middle ear structures. Ménière disease is characterized by: a. bilateral hearing impairment. b. vertigo in association with hearing loss. c. middle ear infection. d. ossification of bones in the middle ear. - Correct Answer - b. vertigo in association with hearing loss. Myopia is as a result of an error of light refraction in which: a. light rays are scattered as they pass through the cornea. b. the focal point of an image is behind the retina.
c. far vision is impaired. d. accommodation is impaired. - Correct Answer - c. far vision is impaired. Opacification of the lens is commonly referred to as: a. hyperopia. b. glaucoma. c. presbyopia. d. cataract. - Correct Answer - D. Cataract A sudden onset of eye pain and impaired vision associated with pupil dilation is characteristic of: a. narrow-angle glaucoma. b. open-angle glaucoma. c. cataract. d. retinal detachment. - Correct Answer - a. narrow angle glaucoma Hearing loss associated with aminoglycosides is known as: a. sensorineural. b. conductive.
c. cataract. d. retinopathy. - Correct Answer - a. strabismus
- is one of the most common complications of diabetes. a. Cataract b. Diabetic retinopathy c. Macular degeneration d. Glaucoma - Correct Answer - b. Diabetic retinopathy The nurse caring for an individual with vision impairment should be prepared to: a. keep the patient on bed rest to avoid injury. b. speak to the patient with a clear, loud voice. c. announcing himself or herself at all interactions. d. provide as much bright light as possible. - Correct Answer - c. announcing himself or herself at all interactions. Nerve fibers of the - system have their cell bodies in the mucous membrane of the upper and posterior parts of the nasal cavity. a. visual
b. auditory c. gustatory d. olfactory - Correct Answer - d. olfactory A vestibular disorder that is manifested by the sensation of motion without actual motion is referred to as: a. equilibrium. b. nystagmus. c. vertigo. d. effusion. - Correct Answer - C. Vertigo Which structures make up the middle ear? (Select all that apply.) a. Cerumen b. Malleus c. Incus d. Scala media e. Stapes - Correct Answer - b. Malleus c. Incus e. Stapes
a. noncontractile tissue injury. b. contractile tissue injury. c. vascular insufficiency. d. skeletal muscle damage. - Correct Answer - a. noncontractile tissue injury Muscular dystrophy includes a number of muscle disorders that are: a. genetically transmitted. b. easily prevented and managed. c. autoimmune in nature. d. demyelinating focused - Correct Answer - a. genetically transmitted Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune disease in which: a. neuronal demyelination disrupts nerve transmission. b. muscles become increasingly bulky but weakened. c. acetylcholine receptors are destroyed or dysfunctional. d. acetylcholine release from motor neurons is disrupted. - Correct Answer - c. acetylcholine receptors are destroyed or dysfunctional. Anticholinesterase inhibitors may be used to manage:
a. muscular dystrophy. b. myasthenia gravis. c. fibromyalgia. d. rheumatoid arthritis. - Correct Answer - b. Myasthenia gravis A Type I open fracture is best described as a bone that is: a. broken in two or more pieces. b. cracked but not completely separated. c. broken along the long axis d. broken and protruding through the skin - Correct Answer - d. broken and protruding through the skin The complication which is not likely to result from an open, transverse fracture of the tibia and fibula is: a. bone infection. b. fat emboli. c. air embolus. d. compartment syndrome. - Correct Answer - c. air embolus
