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Question 1. Which modeling language does ONAP primarily use for describing service topology and behavior? A) BPMN B) TOSCA C) YAML D) JSON Answer: B Explanation: ONAP leverages TOSCA (Topology and Orchestration Specification for Cloud Applications) to define service templates, node types, and relationships, enabling model‑driven orchestration. Question 2. In ONAP’s microservices architecture, which component acts as the central API gateway and service registry? A) DCAE B) MSB C) A&AI D) SO Answer: B Explanation: The Microservices Bus (MSB) provides service registration, discovery, and API gateway functions, allowing internal components to locate and invoke each other. Question 3. What is the primary purpose of the Active and Available Inventory (A&AI) in ONAP? A) Policy evaluation B) Real‑time graph‑based inventory storage C) Event streaming D) Container orchestration Answer: B
Explanation: A&AI maintains a dynamic, graph‑based view of all resources, services, and relationships, enabling queries about topology and status. Question 4. Which ONAP component is responsible for collecting telemetry, performing analytics, and triggering control loops? A) Policy Engine B) DCAE C) SO D) MultiCloud Answer: B Explanation: Data Collection, Analytics, and Events (DCAE) ingests raw events, processes them, and can invoke policies or workflows based on analysis. Question 5. The MAP‑E loop in ONAP stands for Monitor‑Analyze‑Plan‑Execute. Which component typically implements the “Plan” phase? A) Policy Framework B) Service Design and Creation (SDC) C) DCAE microservice D) MultiCloud Answer: A Explanation: The Policy Framework creates actionable plans (e.g., scaling decisions) based on analysis results and passes them to executors. Question 6. Which design principle emphasizes that ONAP should not be tied to any specific vendor’s hardware or software? A) Supplier Agnosticism B) Policy‑Based Decisions C) Service Agnosticism
B) SDN‑C
C) Policy Engine D) DCAE Answer: A Explanation: MultiCloud provides a unified interface, translating ONAP requests into VIM‑specific calls. Question 10. The Policy Engine in ONAP receives requests from which component to evaluate policies? A) A&AI B) SO C) MSB D) OOM Answer: B Explanation: The Service Orchestrator forwards policy‑related requests (e.g., scaling) to the Policy Engine for rule evaluation. Question 11. Which ONAP component is responsible for lifecycle management of ONAP itself (deployment, monitoring, upgrades)? A) OOM B) DCAE C) SDC D) SO Answer: A Explanation: ONAP Operations Manager (OOM) automates deployment of ONAP microservices, monitors health, and handles upgrades.
Question 12. In a closed‑loop automation scenario, which component typically generates the corrective action after a fault is detected? A) MSB B) Policy Engine C) A&AI D) MultiCloud Answer: B Explanation: The Policy Engine decides on remedial actions (e.g., restart VNF) based on policies triggered by fault events. Question 13. Which language is primarily used to model device configuration for SDN‑C? A) TOSCA B) YANG C) JSON Schema D) OpenAPI Answer: B Explanation: YANG defines data models for network devices, which SDN‑C consumes to generate NETCONF/RESTCONF configurations. Question 14. What does the “Closed‑Loop Automation” principle aim to achieve in ONAP? A) Manual intervention for every change B) Real‑time self‑healing and optimization without human actions C) Centralized static policy storage D) Fixed topology mapping Answer: B Explanation: Closed‑Loop Automation enables the platform to detect, analyze, decide, and execute corrective actions autonomously.
Answer: A Explanation: SO uses Business Process Model and Notation (BPMN) to describe orchestrated workflows. Question 18. Which of the following is NOT a core design principle of ONAP? A) Supplier Agnosticism B) Service Agnosticism C) Monolithic Deployment D) Policy‑Based Decisions Answer: C Explanation: ONAP emphasizes microservices and containerized deployment, not monolithic architecture. Question 19. What is the primary function of the Adapter Framework in ONAP? A) Store telemetry data B) Translate ONAP calls to external system APIs (e.g., VNFMs, VIMs) C) Generate UI dashboards D) Perform unit testing of microservices Answer: B Explanation: Adapters act as bridges, enabling ONAP components to communicate with heterogeneous external platforms. Question 20. Which ONAP sub‑project provides the service model for network slicing (3GPP alignment)? A) OOF B) SDC C) Slice Management Function (SMF) blueprint
D) DCAE
Answer: C Explanation: The Slice Management Function blueprint defines slice creation, modification, and termination workflows aligned with 3GPP. Question 21. In the ONAP release process, what does “M1” denote? A) Final production release B) First milestone for feature freeze and integration testing C) Patch release D) Documentation update cycle Answer: B Explanation: M1 is the initial milestone where core features are integrated and baseline testing begins. Question 22. Which tool is used for code review and patch submission in the ONAP development workflow? A) GitHub Pull Requests B) Gerrit C) Bitbucket D) GitLab Merge Requests Answer: B Explanation: ONAP uses Gerrit for peer review, allowing reviewers to comment, approve, or reject patches. Question 23. The “Intent‑Based Networking” (IBN) approach in ONAP primarily relies on which two layers? A) Policy Engine and DCAE
Question 26. Which ONAP component provides the “southbound” communication to physical network functions (PNFs)? A) SDN‑C B) SDC C) Policy Engine D) MultiCloud Answer: A Explanation: SDN‑C interfaces with devices through NETCONF/RESTCONF, handling configuration of PNFs. Question 27. In ONAP, what does the “OOF” acronym stand for? A) Open Orchestration Framework B) Optimized Operations Function C) ONAP Orchestrator Framework D) ONAP Optimization Framework Answer: A Explanation: OOF (Open Orchestrator Framework) provides placement, routing, and resource optimization services. Question 28. Which of the following best describes the role of “Helm charts” in CNF orchestration within ONAP? A) Define network policies for VNFs B) Package Kubernetes resources for deployment C) Store telemetry data D) Generate TOSCA templates Answer: B
Explanation: Helm charts bundle Kubernetes manifests, allowing ONAP’s MultiCloud to install CNFs as Helm releases. Question 29. Which ONAP microservice is primarily responsible for health monitoring and auto‑recovery of ONAP components themselves? A) DCAE B) OOM C) SO D) A&AI Answer: B Explanation: OOM includes health checks, self‑healing logic, and can redeploy failed ONAP services. Question 30. Which standard body’s specifications are directly referenced by ONAP’s Service Design and Creation (SDC) for defining VNFDs? A) IEEE B) ETSI NFV C) IETF D) ISO Answer: B Explanation: ETSI NFV defines the VNFD (Virtual Network Function Descriptor) model, which SDC adopts and extends. Question 31. Which ONAP component would you use to view real‑time performance metrics of a deployed VNF? A) SDC UI B) A&AI Graph Explorer C) DCAE Dashboard
B) Define overall project governance, roadmap, and approve major architectural changes C) Manage JIRA tickets D) Conduct user training sessions Answer: B Explanation: The TSC provides strategic direction, ensures alignment across projects, and oversees major decisions. Question 35. Which ONAP component uses YANG models to generate configuration payloads for network devices? A) DCAE B) SDN‑C C) SDC D) OOM Answer: B Explanation: SDN‑C consumes YANG models to produce NETCONF/RESTCONF payloads for device configuration. Question 36. In ONAP, which component would you contact to retrieve the current status of a VNF instance? A) Policy Engine B) A&AI C) MSB D) OOM Answer: B Explanation: A&AI stores runtime state and relationships, providing status queries for VNFs. Question 37. Which ONAP blueprint is focused on integrating with the O‑RAN architecture?
A) 5G Core Blueprint B) O‑RAN SMO Blueprint C) Network Slicing Blueprint D) Edge Cloud Blueprint Answer: B Explanation: The O‑RAN SMO blueprint defines ONAP’s role as a Service Management and Orchestration platform within O‑RAN. Question 38. What is the main benefit of using “Policy‑Based Decisions” in ONAP? A) Hard‑coding of scaling thresholds B) Dynamic, reusable logic that can be modified without changing code C) Reduced need for telemetry data D) Eliminates need for a Service Orchestrator Answer: B Explanation: Policies separate decision logic from orchestration code, allowing runtime updates and reuse. Question 39. Which ONAP microservice provides an event bus for publishing and subscribing to data streams? A) DMaaP B) MSB C) DCAE D) OOM Answer: A Explanation: DMaaP (Data Movement as a Platform) implements a publish/subscribe mechanism for asynchronous communication.
Explanation: Jenkins hosts the ONAP CI jobs that compile code, run unit and integration tests, and generate artifacts. Question 43. Which ONAP component is responsible for translating high‑level service intents into concrete resource placements? A) OOF B) DCAE C) SDC D) MSB Answer: A Explanation: OOF performs placement and routing optimization, converting intents into specific resource allocations. Question 44. Which ONAP sub‑project provides a “catalog” of reusable DCAE microservices? A) DCAE SDK B) DCAE Store C) DCAE Catalog D) DCAE Repository Answer: C Explanation: The DCAE Catalog lists available analytics microservices that can be instantiated for specific use cases. Question 45. What is the primary function of “Gerrit” in ONAP development? A. Continuous integration B. Code review and patch management C. Issue tracking
D. Documentation publishing Answer: B Explanation: Gerrit is the code review system where contributors submit patches, reviewers comment, and changes are merged. Question 46. Which ONAP component would you use to define a “scale‑out” policy that adds two additional VNF instances when CPU usage exceeds 80%? A. SDC B. Policy Engine C. DCAE D. SO Answer: B Explanation: The Policy Engine stores and evaluates scaling policies based on telemetry thresholds. Question 47. In ONAP, which term describes the process of automatically healing a failed VNF instance? A. Self‑Optimization B. Fault Management C. Closed‑Loop Healing D. Service Assurance Answer: C Explanation: Closed‑Loop Healing is a specific loop where detection, analysis, planning, and execution restore a failed VNF automatically. Question 48. Which ONAP component provides the “service topology” view for operators? A. A&AI Graph Explorer
Question 51. Which ONAP blueprint focuses on orchestrating the virtual Evolved Packet Core (vEPC) for 4G networks? A. 5G Core Blueprint B. vEPC Blueprint C. Network Slicing Blueprint D. Edge Cloud Blueprint Answer: B Explanation: The vEPC blueprint defines the service model and orchestration steps for a virtualized EPC. Question 52. In ONAP, which component is primarily responsible for “event correlation” to reduce alarm noise? A. DCAE B. Policy Engine C. A&AI D. SO Answer: A Explanation: DCAE microservices can aggregate raw events, correlate them, and produce higher‑level alarms. Question 53. Which Open‑Source project collaborates closely with ONAP for providing a Kubernetes‑based cloud platform? A. OPNFV B. Nephio C. OpenStack D. OpenDaylight Answer: B
Explanation: Nephio focuses on cloud‑native network functions and works with ONAP to enable K8s‑native orchestration. Question 54. What is the primary purpose of the “Read the Docs” platform in ONAP’s documentation workflow? A. Host source code repositories B. Generate and serve versioned documentation from reStructuredText files C. Run automated tests on documentation D. Provide a CI/CD pipeline for code Answer: B Explanation: ONAP uses reStructuredText and Read the Docs to publish searchable, versioned documentation. Question 55. Which ONAP component provides a “policy model” that can be edited via a GUI? A. Policy Engine B. SDC Policy Designer C. DCAE Policy Designer D. OOM Policy Console Answer: B Explanation: SDC includes a Policy Designer UI where users can create and edit policy models graphically. Question 56. In the context of ONAP, what does “Closed‑Loop Automation” rely on to trigger actions? A. Manual operator commands B. Scheduled cron jobs C. Real‑time telemetry and policy evaluation
