Download ONAP 2022 Contributor Practice Exam and more Exams Technology in PDF only on Docsity!
Question 1. Which of the following best describes the primary goal of ONAP? A) To provide a proprietary hardware platform for network operators B) To enable end‑to‑end service orchestration, automation, and management of VNFs and CNFs C) To replace all legacy OSS/BSS systems with a single monolithic application D) To focus exclusively on 5G radio access network functions Answer: B Explanation: ONAP’s core objective is to deliver a comprehensive, open‑source framework that orchestrates, automates, and manages virtual and cloud‑native network functions across the entire service lifecycle. Question 2. In ONAP terminology, which component is responsible for storing the design‑time artifacts such as service models and resource definitions? A) Service Orchestrator (SO) B) Service Design and Creation (SDC) C) Active & Available Inventory (A&AI) D) Policy Framework (POLICY) Answer: B Explanation: SDC acts as the design‑time repository where engineers create, test, and certify service and resource models before they are distributed to the run‑time environment. Question 3. Which standard does ONAP use for modeling the topology and orchestration of cloud applications? A) YANG B) TOSCA C) OpenFlow
D) NETCONF
Answer: B Explanation: ONAP adopts TOSCA (Topology and Orchestration Specification for Cloud Applications) as the primary language for describing services, VNFs, and resources. Question 4. What is the main functional difference between Design‑Time and Run‑Time environments in ONAP? A) Design‑Time handles real‑time traffic, Run‑Time handles model authoring B) Design‑Time is for creating and certifying artifacts; Run‑Time executes those artifacts in production C) Design‑Time stores customer data; Run‑Time stores billing information D) There is no functional difference; they are synonyms Answer: B Explanation: Design‑Time (SDC) is where services are defined and validated, while Run‑Time (SO, A&AI, etc.) is where those services are instantiated, operated, and optimized. Question 5. Which ONAP component is primarily responsible for translating a service model into executable workflow steps? A) Service Orchestrator (SO) B) A&AI C) DCAE D) CLAMP Answer: A Explanation: The Service Orchestrator (SO) performs service decomposition, converting high‑level TOSCA models into BPMN or other workflow representations that can be executed.
D) SMTP
Answer: B Explanation: SDN‑C utilizes NETCONF (Network Configuration Protocol) to push configuration changes to SDN‑controlled devices. Question 9. The ONAP Policy Framework distinguishes between Decision policies and Action policies. Which component typically evaluates Decision policies? A) DCAE B) OOF (Optimization Framework) C) CLAMP D) CDS Answer: B Explanation: OOF (Optimization Framework) is responsible for evaluating decision‑making policies, such as placement and scaling decisions, based on inputs from other components. Question 10. Which of the following micro‑service categories belongs to DCAE? A) Collectors, Analytic Apps, and Alarm Publishers B) Service Catalog, Billing, and CRM C. Load Balancers, Ingress Controllers, and Service Meshes D) Identity Providers, Token Services, and LDAP Answer: A Explanation: DCAE’s ecosystem includes collectors (gather data), analytic applications (process data), and alarm publishers (emit events) to support closed‑loop automation.
Question 11. What is the primary purpose of the ONAP Common Event Format (CEF)? A) To define the UI layout for the portal B) To standardize the structure of alarms, metrics, and fault messages across ONAP components C) To encrypt communications between pods D) To describe Helm chart dependencies Answer: B Explanation: CEF provides a uniform JSON schema for events, enabling consistent consumption and correlation of monitoring data throughout ONAP. Question 12. In the MAPE control‑loop model, which step corresponds to “Plan”? A) Collecting telemetry data B) Analyzing data to detect anomalies C) Determining corrective actions based on policies D) Executing configuration changes on VNFs Answer: C Explanation: “Plan” involves deciding what actions to take (e.g., scale‑out, re‑configure) based on analysis results and defined policies. Question 13. Which ONAP component provides the user interface for designing control loops? A) SO B) CLAMP C) SDC D) AAF
A) Remote Binary Access Control; for file transfers B) Role‑Based Access Control; to restrict user actions based on assigned roles C) Real‑Time Bandwidth Allocation Control; for QoS D) Resource‑Based Allocation Criteria; for scaling Answer: B Explanation: RBAC in ONAP defines what operations a user or service can perform, based on roles defined in AAF. Question 17. Which component of ONAP is primarily responsible for configuring VNFs during the instantiation phase? A) CDS (Configuration & Control Distribution Service) B) SO C) SDC D) A&AI Answer: A Explanation: CDS resolves configuration parameters and pushes them to VNFs/CNFs during onboarding and scaling. Question 18. In ONAP, what is the purpose of the “Service Loop” concept? A) To define the physical loopback testing of network links B) To describe the iterative process of Design → Instantiate → Operate/Optimize for services C) To enforce a circular dependency check in TOSCA models D) To schedule periodic backups of the database Answer: B
Explanation: The Service Loop captures the lifecycle stages of a service: design (creation), instantiate (deployment), and operate/optimize (runtime management). Question 19. Which ONAP component acts as the “Virtual Infrastructure Manager” (VIM) adapter for interfacing with Kubernetes? A) Cloudify Adapter B) OpenStack Adapter C) K8s Adapter (Kubernetes Adapter) D) VNF‑C Answer: C Explanation: The Kubernetes Adapter enables SO to communicate with K8s clusters, handling pod creation, scaling, and lifecycle management. Question 20. Which of the following statements about the ONAP Information Model (ONAP IM) is correct? A) It is a proprietary data model used only by the SDC component B) It defines a common set of entity types and relationships used across ONAP components C) It replaces TOSCA as the primary modeling language D) It is only relevant for 5G NR functions Answer: B Explanation: ONAP IM provides a unified schema for inventory, policies, and service definitions, ensuring consistency across the platform. Question 21. What is the role of the Optimization Framework (OOF) in ONAP? A) To provide a UI for service designers
Explanation: Gerrit is the code‑review system used by ONAP for submitting patches, peer review, and merging changes. Question 24. Which of the following best describes the function of the ONAP Operations Manager (OOM)? A) It provides a graphical portal for end‑users to request services B) It automates the deployment, upgrade, and health monitoring of ONAP components in a Kubernetes environment C) It replaces the need for A&AI inventory D) It manages the licensing of proprietary ONAP plugins Answer: B Explanation: OOM orchestrates the lifecycle (install, upgrade, rollback) of ONAP micro‑services on Kubernetes clusters. Question 25. Which secure communication mechanism is recommended for inter‑component traffic within ONAP? A) Plain HTTP B) SSH tunnels C) Mutual TLS (mTLS) D. FTP over SSL Answer: C Explanation: ONAP recommends mutual TLS to provide authentication and encryption between micro‑services. Question 26. Which component is responsible for distributing configuration files to VNFs/CNFs after they have been instantiated?
A) CLAMP
B) CDS
C) SO
D) SDC
Answer: B Explanation: CDS (Configuration and Control Distribution Service) resolves configuration templates and pushes them to the target VNFs/CNFs. Question 27. In the context of ONAP, what does “VFC” stand for? A) Virtual Function Component B. Virtual Function Container C) Virtual Forwarding Construct D) Virtual Function Code Answer: C Explanation: VFC (Virtual Forwarding Construct) represents a logical network function (e.g., a virtual router) within a service model. Question 28. Which of the following is a key benefit of using Helm charts for CNF onboarding in ONAP? A) They allow direct execution of Python scripts on the VNF B) They provide Kubernetes‑native packaging, versioning, and templating for cloud‑native functions C) They replace the need for TOSCA completely D. They enable automatic conversion to OpenStack Heat templates
B) It stores and evaluates policy rules, returning decisions to requesting components C) It collects telemetry data from network elements D. It provides the UI for service designers Answer: B Explanation: The Policy Engine evaluates policy rules (e.g., scaling thresholds) and returns decisions to components like OOF or SO. Question 32. In ONAP, which component is responsible for managing the lifecycle of micro‑service instances within DCAE? A) DCAE Controller B) SO C) AAI D) CLAMP Answer: A Explanation: The DCAE Controller orchestrates the deployment, scaling, and termination of DCAE micro‑services (collectors, analytics, etc.). Question 33. Which of the following best describes the function of the “VF‑C” (VNF Controller) in ONAP? A) It provides a web‑based UI for service ordering B) It translates high‑level VNF configuration intents into device‑specific commands (e.g., NETCONF) C) It stores inventory data for physical network elements D. It performs policy decision making for scaling
Answer: B Explanation: VF‑C acts as an adaptor that converts generic configuration requests into concrete device‑level operations for VNFs. Question 34. What is the main advantage of using TOSCA for service modeling in ONAP? A) It is the only language supported by Kubernetes B) It provides a vendor‑neutral, extensible YAML‑based format that can describe complex topologies and relationships C) It eliminates the need for any other modeling standards like YANG D) It automatically generates Helm charts Answer: B Explanation: TOSCA’s vendor‑neutral, extensible nature enables ONAP to model heterogeneous services with clear relationships and properties. Question 35. Which ONAP component acts as the “source of truth” for runtime relationships between VNFs, networks, and resources? A) SDC B) A&AI C) DCAE D) OOF Answer: B Explanation: A&AI maintains a graph database that records all runtime relationships and status information for network resources. Question 36. In ONAP, which protocol is primarily used by the VNF‑C to communicate with VNFs for configuration?
Explanation: OOF is a separate ONAP project that implements placement, scaling, and resource optimization algorithms. Question 39. When a new VNF is onboarded using a Heat template, which SDC artifact type is created to represent the VNF? A) VFC (Virtual Forwarding Construct) B) VNF Resource (VNF) C) Service Model D. Network Service (NS) Answer: B Explanation: The VNF Resource artifact encapsulates the Heat template and related metadata for the VNF. Question 40. Which component of ONAP is responsible for publishing alarms and metrics to external monitoring systems? A) DCAE Publisher B) A&AI C) SO D) SDC Answer: A Explanation: DCAE includes publishers that forward processed events, alarms, and metrics to external systems (e.g., Prometheus, ELK). Question 41. In the ONAP CI/CD pipeline, which tool typically executes automated unit and integration tests after a patch is submitted? A) Jenkins
B) Travis CI C) CircleCI D. GitHub Actions Answer: A Explanation: ONAP uses Jenkins pipelines to run automated tests after a Gerrit change is uploaded. Question 42. Which of the following best explains the purpose of “Distribution” in SDC? A) To replicate the source code across multiple Git repositories B) To push a certified service package to the Run‑Time environment for deployment C) To distribute network traffic among VNFs D. To generate Helm charts from TOSCA models Answer: B Explanation: Distribution moves a certified service artifact from design‑time to run‑time, making it available for orchestration. Question 43. Which ONAP component provides the “Policy Engine” service that evaluates both decision and action policies? A) POLICY framework (policy) B) DCAE C) SO D. A&AI Answer: A
C) CLAMP
D. OOF
Answer: B Explanation: SO queries A&AI to retrieve information about available resources, relationships, and status needed for service deployment. Question 47. Which ONAP component provides the “Policy Decision Point” (PDP) functionality? A) OOF B) POLICY Engine C) DCAE D) SDC Answer: B Explanation: The POLICY Engine implements the PDP, evaluating policy rules and returning decisions to requestors. Question 48. In ONAP, what does the acronym “VNF‑M” stand for? A) VNF Manager – the component that handles lifecycle operations for VNFs (e.g., instantiate, scale, terminate) B) Virtual Network Function Model C) VNF Monitoring Service D. VNF Messaging Bus Answer: A
Explanation: VNF‑M (VNF Manager) is responsible for managing the lifecycle of a VNF, interacting with the VIM and VNFC. Question 49. Which of the following is NOT a typical step in the ONAP service lifecycle? A) Design (modeling) B) Certification (testing) C) Instantiation (deployment) D. Manual configuration of each VNF via CLI Answer: D Explanation: Manual CLI configuration is discouraged; ONAP automates configuration via CDS, VF‑C, and other components. Question 50. Which ONAP component is primarily used for “policy enforcement” on network elements (e.g., applying firewall rules)? A) DCAE B) POLICY Engine (policy) C) A&AI D. OOM Answer: B Explanation: The POLICY component evaluates and enforces policies such as firewall or QoS rules across the network. Question 51. In ONAP, which language is commonly used to write analytic micro‑services deployed in DCAE? A) Java
