PLTW Biomed Unit 2 Study Guide
(2.1.1) Difference between Glucose Tolerance Testing and Insulin Level Test. What do they tell us? correct
answersGTT- monitors amount of sugar in liquid portion of blood (plasma) over time period and gives
doctors information as to how the body utilizes sugar; amount of glucose
IL- tests what type of diabetes someone has
Difference between Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes correct answersType 1: The body does not produce
insulin; must be treated with insulin injections
Type 2: Body produces insulin but cells reject it; can be treated by a lifestyle change in diet and exercise
(2.1.2) Steps for glucose to go through from bloodstream to cell correct answersGlucose moves through
the bloodstream in search for a cell, when a cell is targeted, insulin comes in and acts as a key that opens
the cell receptor "doors" (transport proteins) and the glucose can enter into the cell
What role does insulin have in glucose uptake? correct answersWhen glucose builds up, more insulin is
produced and it lowers glucose levels by letting them into the cells and when glucose insulin levels get to
high, glucose levels increase to keep the balance
(2.1.3) What's the difference between positive and negative feedback? correct answersPositive feedback
causes a reinforcement of the original action, so the input causes the reaction to increase (continuous)
Negative feedback causes the system to stop doing the original action and to either take no action or to
perform an opposite action (stimulus is turned off)
(2.2.3) What is Dehydration Synthesis? Hydrolysis? correct answersjoins two molecules together by the
removal of a water molecule
chemical break down of a compound by adding water
What is a monomer? Polymer? correct answersMonomer is a molecule that can be bonded to make a
polymer
