Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education

Region IV-B MIMAROPA

Division of Marinduque

MOGPOG NATIONAL COMPREHENSIVE HIGH SCHOOL

Capayang, Mogpog, Marinduque

PRE-TEST

PRACTICAL RESEARCH 2

NAME: ____________________________________ DATE:________________

GRADE/SECTION: _________________________ SCORE: ______________

I. MULTIPLE CHOICE. Write the letter of the correct answer. Avoid Erasures.

_____ 1. When every member of the accessible population has an equal chance of being selected to participate in the

study, the researcher is using

a. Simple random sampling c. stratified random sampling

b. Convenience sampling d. purposive sampling

_____ 2. If a researcher selected five schools at random and then interviewed each of the teachers in those five schools, the

researcher

used

a. Simple random sampling c. stratified random sampling

b. Convenience sampling d. cluster random sampling

_____ 3. Which of the following threats to internal validity arises when an event other than the treatment produces a change in

participants’ behavior?

a. Maturation b. history c. testing d. coincidence

_____ 4. How are research questions most often described?

a. Arising within a laboratory setting

b. Posed after important factors are identified

c. May arise from our everyday life experiences

d. Always answered if we follow a scientific method of inquiry

_____ 5. In general, when selecting factors for a study, you want to be sure of which of these?

a. They have been investigated before b. They are available to investigate

c. They are not of interest to you d. They do not lead to another question

_____ 6. Which of the following best describes a hypothesis?

a. Statement that you set out to prove

b. Tested by collecting only the data that support it

c. Proposed before a good research question can be developed

d. Posits a clear relationship between different factors

_____ 7. Michael hands out a survey to find out the average age and schooling level of his class. What type of

research did Michael do?

a. Historical b. Cause-and-effect c. Quasi-experimental d. Descriptive

_____ 8. Identify and select the correct order of steps in scientific inquiry (note: these are not ALL of the steps

in the process)

a. Formulating a hypothesis, collecting relevant information, testing the hypothesis, working with the hypothesis

b. Reconsidering the theory, asking new questions, identifying the important factors, collecting relevant information

c. Asking the question, identifying the important factors, asking new questions, testing the hypothesis

d. Asking new questions, reconsidering the theory, working with the hypothesis, testing the hypothesis

_____ 9. What is the major difference between applied and basic research?

a. Basic research takes longer to complete b. Applied research is less important

c. Basic research is more traditional d. Basic research has no immediate application

_____ 10. When variables compete to explain the same effects, what are they sometimes called?

a. Contradictory b. Intertwining c. Confounding d. Interdependent

_____ 11. Which of the following might be considered a level of an independent variable?

a. hair color b. blue eyes c. party affiliation d. favorite type of M&M®

_____ 12. How is the independent variable different from the dependent variable?

a. the independent variable is manipulated during the experiment to understand the effects of this manipulation

on the dependent variable

b. the dependent variable is manipulated during the experiment to understand the effects of this manipulation on

the independent variable

c. dependent and independent variables are only used when researchers are not interested in looking at the

effects of one thing on another, but only in how variables may be related

d. the independent variable is a variable not included in the experiment, but is related to one of the variables in

the experiment

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Republic of the Philippines Department of Education Region IV-B MIMAROPA Division of Marinduque MOGPOG NATIONAL COMPREHENSIVE HIGH SCHOOL Capayang, Mogpog, Marinduque PRE-TEST PRACTICAL RESEARCH 2 NAME: ____________________________________ DATE:________________ GRADE/SECTION: _________________________ SCORE: ______________ I. MULTIPLE CHOICE. Write the letter of the correct answer. Avoid Erasures. _____ 1. When every member of the accessible population has an equal chance of being selected to participate in the study, the researcher is using a. Simple random sampling c. stratified random sampling b. Convenience sampling d. purposive sampling _____ 2. If a researcher selected five schools at random and then interviewed each of the teachers in those five schools, th researcher used a. Simple random sampling c. stratified random sampling b. Convenience sampling d. cluster random sampling _____ 3. Which of the following threats to internal validity arises when an event other than the treatment produces a change i participants’ behavior? a. Maturation b. history c. testing d. coincidence _____ 4. How are research questions most often described? a. Arising within a laboratory setting b. Posed after important factors are identified c. May arise from our everyday life experiences d. Always answered if we follow a scientific method of inquiry _____ 5. In general, when selecting factors for a study, you want to be sure of which of these? a. They have been investigated before b. They are available to investigate c. They are not of interest to you d. They do not lead to another question _____ 6. Which of the following best describes a hypothesis? a. Statement that you set out to prove b. Tested by collecting only the data that support it c. Proposed before a good research question can be developed d. Posits a clear relationship between different factors _____ 7. Michael hands out a survey to find out the average age and schooling level of his class. What type of research did Michael do? a. Historical b. Cause-and-effect c. Quasi-experimental d. Descriptive _____ 8. Identify and select the correct order of steps in scientific inquiry (note: these are not ALL of the steps in the process) a. Formulating a hypothesis, collecting relevant information, testing the hypothesis, working with the hypothesis b. Reconsidering the theory, asking new questions, identifying the important factors, collecting relevant information c. Asking the question, identifying the important factors, asking new questions, testing the hypothesis d. Asking new questions, reconsidering the theory, working with the hypothesis, testing the hypothesis _____ 9. What is the major difference between applied and basic research? a. Basic research takes longer to complete b. Applied research is less important c. Basic research is more traditional d. Basic research has no immediate application _____ 10. When variables compete to explain the same effects, what are they sometimes called? a. Contradictory b. Intertwining c. Confounding d. Interdependent _____ 11. Which of the following might be considered a level of an independent variable? a. hair color b. blue eyes c. party affiliation d. favorite type of M&M® _____ 12. How is the independent variable different from the dependent variable? a. the independent variable is manipulated during the experiment to understand the effects of this manipulation on the dependent variable b. the dependent variable is manipulated during the experiment to understand the effects of this manipulation on the independent variable c. dependent and independent variables are only used when researchers are not interested in looking at the effects of one thing on another, but only in how variables may be related d. the independent variable is a variable not included in the experiment, but is related to one of the variables in the experiment

_____ 13. A control variable can best be defined by which of the following statements? a. influences the independent variable b. has no observable effect c. cannot be removed or controlled d. influences the dependent variable _____ 14. The null hypothesis represents which of the following statements? a. no relationship between the variables under study b. a positive relationship between the independent and dependent variables c. a negative relationship between the independent and dependent variables d. a difference between the variables under study _____ 15. Which type of study may NOT have an implied null hypothesis? a. Correlational b. descriptive c. quasi-experimental d. experimental _____ 16. Our job as researchers is to eliminate ___________ as a factor contributing to differences between groups. a. Chance b. change c. hypothesis d. average _____ 17. Why is a null hypothesis said to be implied? a. It's always directly tested. b. It’s never directly tested. c. You do not need to test it to know that it is false. d. It is stated in a question form. _____ 18. What does a good research question usually pursue? a. a small part of a broad topic b. a topic unrelated to any other topics c. the same thing as the null hypothesis d. a broad topic _____ 19. Which is the key criterion for selecting a dependent variable? a. sensitivity of the variable to changes in the independent variable b. measurement capabilities in the experiment c. relationship of the dependent variable to the independent variable d. preference of the researcher _____ 20. Which of the following best describes independent variables? a. not manipulated by the experimenter b. manipulated to assess the effect of the treatment c. unrelated to the treatment d. not necessary _____ 21. Sampling allows researchers to overcome the problem of which of the following? a. overcrowded laboratories b. biased subject response c. not having access to the whole population d. not having access to the proper statistical methods _____22. The interpretation of “differences are significant” means that the differences found are_________________. a. probably not due to chance b. due to chance c. creative outcomes d. not dictated by the hypothesis _____ 23. If you read that a study’s finding was significant at the p < .05 level, you could conclude that there is a less than 5% probability that _____________________________. a. the results will translate to real world situations b. most researchers in that area would consider the finding to have clinical meaning c. the researchers used unreliable measures d. the results were due to chance _____ 24. Why is it important to choose a representative sample of the population? a. increase statistical precision b. determine group differences c. maximize generalizability of results d. find significant results _____ 25. There will be no relationship between children's time in day care and later academic achievement. This is an example of which of the following? a. a research hypothesis b. a factorial design c. a correlational hypothesis d. a null hypothesis _____ 26. The best dependent variable is defined by which of the following characteristics? a. independent of any other variable in the same study b. sensitive to changes in the treatment c. can be manipulated by the researcher d. interacts with the independent variable _____ 27. The significance level reported in a research study can be explained by which of the following? a. importance of the results to the benefit of society b. statistical methods to determine the results of the study c. risk associated with not being 100% confident the difference is due to the treatment d. importance of the results to the benefit of an individual _____ 28. Dr. Gabotero found a statistically significant relationship between gender and aggressive playground activity. Dr. Gabotero can conclude which of the following? a. The effect of gender on aggressive playground activity is likely due to chance. b. The relationship is probably coincidence. c. The effect of gender on aggressive playground activity is likely not due to chance.

PRE-ASSESSMENT PRACTICAL RESEARCH 2, Exams of Earth science

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PRACTICAL RESEARCH 2

KEY TO CORRECTION

1. A

2. D

3. A

4. d

5. B

6. A

7. D

8. C

9. D

10. C

11. B

12. A

13. D

14. A

15. B

16. A

17. B

18. A

19. A

20. B

21. A

22. D

23. C

24. D

25. B

26. B

27. C

28. C

29. B

30. C

31. C

32. A

33. D

34. B

35. A

36. C

37. C

38. D

39. A

40. C