Psychotherapy Techniques: An Overview, Exams of Psychology

A concise overview of various psychotherapy techniques and related concepts within the field of psychology. It covers eclectic approaches, psychotherapy integration, and different types of therapies such as psychoanalysis, psychodynamic therapy, humanistic therapies, and cognitive-behavioral therapy. The document also touches on biomedical therapies, including psychopharmacology and electro-convulsive therapy, offering a broad understanding of the methods used to treat psychological disorders. It is useful for students studying psychology or anyone interested in learning about different therapeutic interventions and their applications in mental health treatment. The document also includes information about the effectiveness of different therapies and the importance of evidence-based practice.

Typology: Exams

2024/2025

Available from 07/25/2025

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psych chapter 14
eclectic approach -
half of all psychotherapies describe themselves as using this approach; using a blend of โ˜‘๏ธ๎˜‚
therapies
psychotherapy integration -
attempts to combine different therapies into oneโ˜‘๏ธ๎˜‚
psychotherapy -
therapy between a patient and therapist; the first of the psychological therapies by Freudโ˜‘๏ธ๎˜‚
resistance -
using psychoanalytic theory, psychoanalysts will sit you down and tell you to say โ˜‘๏ธ๎˜‚
whatever comes to mind. the analyst will believe that blocks in the flow of your free association
indicate...
transferring -
in psychoanalysis, the patient's transfer to the analyst of emotions linked with other โ˜‘๏ธ๎˜‚
relationships
psychoanalysis -
the most time consuming therapyโ˜‘๏ธ๎˜‚
psychodynamic therapy -
this therapy derives from psychoanalytic therapy; views individuals as responding to โ˜‘๏ธ๎˜‚
unconscious forces and childhood experiences, and seeks to enhance self-insight. Meetings take
place once a week, for only a few weeks or months; face-to-face
insight therapy -
psychoanalytic and humanistic therapies are often referred to as ___ because both โ˜‘๏ธ๎˜‚
attempt to help troubled people by reducing inner conflicts and increasing self-understanding
humanistic therapies -
aim to boost people's inherent potential for self-fulfillment by helping them grow in self-โ˜‘๏ธ๎˜‚
awareness and self-acceptance
humanistic -
This therapy differs from psychoanalytic in that it focuses on the present and future vs โ˜‘๏ธ๎˜‚
past, the conscious vs subconscious, taking responsibility vs hidden motives, and calling its subjects
*clients* not *patients*
client-centered therapy -
Roger's *nondirective* therapy, where the therapist listens to a person's conscious self-โ˜‘๏ธ๎˜‚
perceptions without judging, interpreting, or directing insights - directs genuineness, acceptance, and
empathy
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psych chapter 14

eclectic approach - โ˜‘๏ธ half of all psychotherapies describe themselves as using this approach; using a blend of therapies psychotherapy integration - โ˜‘๏ธ attempts to combine different therapies into one psychotherapy - โ˜‘๏ธ therapy between a patient and therapist; the first of the psychological therapies by Freud resistance - โ˜‘๏ธ using psychoanalytic theory, psychoanalysts will sit you down and tell you to say whatever comes to mind. the analyst will believe that blocks in the flow of your free association indicate... transferring - โ˜‘๏ธ in psychoanalysis, the patient's transfer to the analyst of emotions linked with other relationships psychoanalysis - โ˜‘๏ธ the most time consuming therapy psychodynamic therapy - โ˜‘๏ธ this therapy derives from psychoanalytic therapy; views individuals as responding to unconscious forces and childhood experiences, and seeks to enhance self-insight. Meetings take place once a week, for only a few weeks or months; face-to-face insight therapy - โ˜‘๏ธ psychoanalytic and humanistic therapies are often referred to as ___ because both attempt to help troubled people by reducing inner conflicts and increasing self-understanding humanistic therapies - โ˜‘๏ธ aim to boost people's inherent potential for self-fulfillment by helping them grow in self- awareness and self-acceptance humanistic - โ˜‘๏ธ This therapy differs from psychoanalytic in that it focuses on the present and future vs past, the conscious vs subconscious, taking responsibility vs hidden motives, and calling its subjects clients not patients client-centered therapy - โ˜‘๏ธ Roger's nondirective therapy, where the therapist listens to a person's conscious self- perceptions without judging, interpreting, or directing insights - directs genuineness, acceptance, and empathy

self-understanding and self-acceptance - โ˜‘๏ธ client-centered therapy allows clients to deepen their... active listening - โ˜‘๏ธ roger's technique of echoing, restating, and seeking clarification when a person expresses their feelings; now accepted as part of therapeutic counseling practices in many schools, colleges, and clinics unconditional positive regard - โ˜‘๏ธ people may accept their worst traits and feel valued as a whole the insight therapies - โ˜‘๏ธ ... assumes that many psychological problems diminish as self-awareness grows Behavior therapists - โ˜‘๏ธ these therapists doubt the healing power of self-awareness; they assume that the problem behaviors are the problem that requires learning classical conditioning - โ˜‘๏ธ behavior therapy often involves___ counterconditioning - โ˜‘๏ธ behavioral therapy where a therapist gives a new reaction to a stimulus which previously gave a bad reaction exposure therapy - โ˜‘๏ธ counterconditioning where exposing people to a fear diminishes their fear and avoidance systematic desensitization - โ˜‘๏ธ exposure therapy that associates a pleasant relaxed state withe gradually increasing anxiety-triggering stimuli progressive relaxation - โ˜‘๏ธ when a therapist trains you to relax one muscle group at a time, until you reach a state of relaxation and comfort aversive conditioning - โ˜‘๏ธ counterconditioning that associates an harmful behavior with an unpleasant response (alcohol dependency) operant conditioning - โ˜‘๏ธ voluntary behaviors are strongly influenced by their consequences; this type of behavioral therapy has helped children with autism or people with schizophrenia behave more normally; done in a step-by-step manner cognitive therapy -

biomedical therapy - โ˜‘๏ธ physically changing the brain's functioning - affecting its chemistry with drugs, or affecting its circuitry with various kinds of direct stimulation or psychosurgery psychopharmacology - โ˜‘๏ธ the study of drug effects on mind and behavior antipsychotic drugs - โ˜‘๏ธ drugs used to treat schizophrenia and other forms of severe thought disorder/psychotic disorders; mostly have molecules that are similar enough to dopamine to occupy its receptor and block its activity chlorpromazine/thorazine - โ˜‘๏ธ dampen responsiveness to irrelevant stimuli - used to treat schizophrenia tardive dyskinesia - โ˜‘๏ธ involuntary movements of the facial muscles in response to dopamine blockage from antipsychotic drugs atypical antipsychotics - โ˜‘๏ธ schizophrenia patients who show negative symptoms typically don't respond well to normal antipsychotics, so they use these drugs that work with both dopamine and serotonin - also used by positive symptom patients who don't respond to other drugs obesity and diabetes - โ˜‘๏ธ newer antipsychotics have fewer side-effects, though they may increase the risk of ... and ... glutamate - โ˜‘๏ธ a new drug now undergoing testing stimulates receptors for ___, to reduce schizo symptoms antianxiety drugs - โ˜‘๏ธ Xanax or Activan depress central nervous system activity, a key characteristic of... D-cycloserine - โ˜‘๏ธ this antibiotic acts upon a receptor that facilitates the extinction of learned fears - acts as an antianxiety agent underlying problems - โ˜‘๏ธ a typical criticism of antianxiety drugs is that they cure the symptoms of an individual, without helping the patient's... antidepressants - โ˜‘๏ธ a new standard drug treatment for anxiety disorders such as OCD physiological dependence -

โ˜‘๏ธ anti-anxiety meds can cause... antidepressants - โ˜‘๏ธ these drugs work by increasing the availability of epinephrine or serotonin, which elevate arousal and mood Fluoxetine/prozac - โ˜‘๏ธ this drug partially blocks the reabsorption and removal of serotonin from synapses selective-serotonin-reuptake-inhibitors - โ˜‘๏ธ drugs, such as prozac, that slow "synaptic vacuuming" of serotonin weight gain, hypertension, dizzy spells, dry mouth; patch - โ˜‘๏ธ the antidepressants that work with both norepinephrine and serotonin have more potential side effects, such as...; administering these drugs with a ___ reduces these side effects SSRI drugs - โ˜‘๏ธ After the introduction of these drugs, the number of people receiving medication for depression rose dramatically diminished sexual desire - โ˜‘๏ธ Antidepressants often take 4 weeks to work and may involve a side effect of... neurogenesis - โ˜‘๏ธ one possible reason for the delay in antidepressant's effectiveness is ___, the birth of new brain cells bottom-up - โ˜‘๏ธ antidepressants work __ in conjunction with cognitive-behavioral therapy top-down - โ˜‘๏ธ cognitive-behavioral therapy works ___ in conjunction with antidepressants severe depression - โ˜‘๏ธ Those with ___ do not respond as well to a placebo effect mood-stabilizing drugs - โ˜‘๏ธ a common one of these is lithium, which works to stabilize intense ups and downs of bipolar disorder Electro-convulsive therapy; severe depression - โ˜‘๏ธ shock treatment, today administered sometimes only to the brain's right side. before this therapy the patient receives a muscle relaxant and a general anesthetic; 30 to 60 seconds of shock; this treats... in patients who have not responded to drug therapy new brain cells - โ˜‘๏ธ shock-induced seizures calm neural centers where overactivity produces depression; ECT, along with antidepressants and exercise, also appears to boost the production of...