1. cyA client has arrived in the emergency department with hives, pruritis, and painfully
swollen skin. Which of the following describes the chemical mediators that are released
during this inflammatory response?
A. Growth factors and cell enzymes
B. Histamine and prostaglandins
C. Albumin and fibrinogen
D. Macrophages and neutrophils
2. Which of the following statements is correct regarding the role of histamine and
seasonal allergies?
A. Histamine is primarily stored in phagocyte cells in the skin which are released in
response to antibodies
B. Histamine constricts vessels, causing capillaries to become more permeable and
“Leaky”
C. Histamine Is inhibited by antigens, leading to the signs and symptoms of allergies
D. Histamine dilates the vessels in the nose, causing the nose to become congested.
3. A tension pneumothorax requires a needle thoracotomy and/or chest tube placement
as treatment for which component of the pathophysiology of this condition?
A. An accumulation of blood in the pleural space, which makes it difficult for the
lungs to exchange gases
B. Sudden failure of the respiratory system due to fluid accumulation in the alveoli
C. A large accumulation of trapped air in the pleural space, affecting both the lungs
in heart.
D. Extreme pain caused by a fractured rib, which can reduce expansion of thoracic
cavity.
4. How does severe hypoxia develop with pneumonia?
A. Oxygen diffusion is impaired by the congestion
B. Inflammatory exudate absorbs oxygen from the alveolar air
C. Infection reduces effective compensation by the heart
D. Acidosis depresses respirations
5. what is the pathologic collection of fluid or pus in the pleural cavity called?
A. Pleural effusion
B. Pleural exhibit
C. Pleural overload
D. Pulmonary edema
