Theoretical considerations : exercises
1. What is the correct alternative :
a. If a difference between two speech sounds is phonemic/ allophonic, they will
contrast in the same environment.
b. When the difference between two sounds is functional, we say that it is phonetic/
phonemic.
c. Sounds in complementary distribution occur/ do not occur in the same
environment.
d. Allophones of the same phoneme are sometimes/ often/ always phonetically
similar.
e. Portuguese has neither /T/ nor /D/. Voicing, however, is phonemic in Portuguese
and the language contains /t/, /d/, /p/, and /b/. If the speaker of Portuguese
substitutes /t/ for /T/ in English, she or he would be likely to substitute [t /d / p/ b]
for /D/, as in the word then.
2. Match the following.
1) A pair of words differing by only one phoneme.
2) If the substitution of one sound for another in the
same environment results in a change of meaning,
we say that the two sounds …
3) A list of all of the perceptibly different speech
sounds in a language.
4) Two phonetically different sounds can be
interchanged in the same environment without
causing a change of meaning.
5) A list of all of the functionally different speech
sounds of a language.
a. phonetic
inventory
b. minimal pair
c. phonemic
inventory
d. contrast
e. nonphonemic
difference
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