Download WGU D467 OA Exam 2026 | Exploring Data EXAM | Objective Assessment | Questions and Ans and more Exams Advanced Data Analysis in PDF only on Docsity!
WGU D467 OA Exam 2026 | Exploring Data EXAM |
Objective Assessment | All Questions and Correct
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What is the term for the tendency to search for or interpret information in a way that validates pre-existing beliefs? Sampling bias Confirmation bias Observer bias Interpretation bias ------------Correct Answer--------------------Confirmation bias Which of the following terms are also ways of describing observer bias? Select all that apply. Perception bias Research bias Spectator bias Experimenter bias ------------Correct Answer--------------------Research bias Spectator bias Experimenter bias
Fill in the blank: Data is considered _____ when it is accurate, complete, and unbiased information that has been vetted and proven fit for use. original current comprehensive reliable ------------Correct Answer--------------------reliable Which of the following are usually good data sources? Select all that apply. Vetted public datasets Social media sites Governmental agency data Academic papers ------------Correct Answer--------------------Vetted public datasets Governmental agency data Academic papers To determine if a data source is cited, ask which of the following questions? Select all that apply. When was this data last refreshed? Who created this dataset? Is this dataset from a credible organization?
Well-founded standards of right and wrong that dictate how data is collected, shared, and used ------------Correct Answer--------------------Well-founded standards of right and wrong that dictate how data is collected, shared, and used What concept states that all data-processing activities and algorithms should be completely explainable and understood by the individual who provides their data? Ownership Currency Privacy Transaction transparency ------------Correct Answer--------------------Transaction transparency A data analyst removes personally identifying information from a dataset. What task are they performing? Data anonymization Data sorting Data collection Data visualization ------------Correct Answer--------------------Data anonymization
Before completing a survey, an individual acknowledges reading information about how and why the data they provide will be used. What is this concept called? Privacy Discretion Currency Consent ------------Correct Answer--------------------Consent Fill in the blank: Openness refers to _____ access, usage, and sharing of data. protected limited free disclosed ------------Correct Answer--------------------free What is the preferred method for open data to be made available? A convenient and modifiable internet download A secure password-protected file A compressed file format that keeps file size small A print copy that is easily shared by anyone ------------Correct Answer------------------ --A convenient and modifiable internet download
third-party multi-party first-party ------------Correct Answer--------------------first-party A grocery store chain purchases customer data from a credit card company. The grocer uses this data to identify its most loyal customers and offer them special promotions and discounts. What type of data is being used in this scenario? First-party Multi-party Third-party Second-party ------------Correct Answer--------------------Second-party In data analytics, what term refers to all possible data values in a dataset? Source Representation Population Sample ------------Correct Answer--------------------Population An entertainment website displays a star rating for a movie based on user reviews. Users can select from one to five whole stars to rate the movie. The star rating is an example of what type of data? Select all that apply.
Continuous Discrete Ordinal Nominal ------------Correct Answer--------------------Discrete Ordinal What type of data is the height of a skyscraper? Discrete Qualitative Nominal Continuous ------------Correct Answer--------------------Continuous In data analytics, what is the term for data that is generated from, and lives, outside of an organization? Peripheral Outer Internal External ------------Correct Answer--------------------External
Point ------------Correct Answer--------------------Field Fill in the blank: A data type is a specific kind of data _____ that tells what kind of value the data is. attribute frame model point ------------Correct Answer--------------------attribute What are the key characteristics of a text, or string, data type? Select all that apply. Contains textual information Only two possible values Sequence of characters and punctuation Has numerical percentages ------------Correct Answer--------------------Contains textual information Sequence of characters and punctuation In a data table, where are fields contained?
Rows Columns Favorites Charts ------------Correct Answer--------------------Columns When using long data, each subject has data in multiple rows. This is because each row represents what? Data in different formats True or false data points One observation per subject Multiple values ------------Correct Answer--------------------One observation per subject What strategy do data professionals use in order to ensure unbiased sampling? Use random sampling during data collection Write survey questions that encourage specific responses Store data in a spreadsheet Skew results in a certain direction ------------Correct Answer--------------------Use random sampling during data collection
Everyone must be able to use, reuse, and redistribute open data. All corporations are allowed to sell open data. ------------Correct Answer-------------- ------No one can place restrictions on data to discriminate against a person or group. Everyone must be able to use, reuse, and redistribute open data. Freedom from inappropriate use of your data is an element of which aspect of data ethics? Consent Transparency Privacy Currency ------------Correct Answer--------------------Consent A data professional working on a project about commuters researches the origin of a dataset to confirm it was created by a reputable source, such as a government transportation agency. Which aspect of good data are they prioritizing? Original Comprehensive Cited Reliable ------------Correct Answer--------------------Cited
A hospital system wants to protect the personally identifiable information of its patients, such as names and medical records. They ask their data team to anonymize the data. What techniques might they use to achieve this goal? Hashing Masking Sorting Blanking ------------Correct Answer--------------------Masking Blanking A manager in charge of selling a particular product interprets any ambiguous customer feedback about the product as being positive. What type of bias does this represent? Confirmation Sampling Interpretation Observer ------------Correct Answer--------------------Confirmation Which data ethics principle gives an individual the right to know why their data is collected and how long it will be stored?
A government agency allows any business, nonprofit, or citizen to access its databases and reuse or redistribute the data. What type of data is described in this scenario? Closed Allowable Free Open ------------Correct Answer--------------------Open An investor with a background working in the tech industry interprets any pitch from a tech startup as being more promising than others, even if the information is confusing and ambiguous. What type of bias does this scenario describe? Sampling Interpretation Observer Confirmation ------------Correct Answer--------------------Interpretation A magazine conducts research about people's reading preferences. They only include respondents who currently subscribe. What type of bias does this scenario describe? Confirmation
Interpretation Sampling Observer ------------Correct Answer--------------------Sampling Fill in the blank: The data ethics principle of _____ states that an individual has the right to understand all of the data-processing activities and algorithms used on their data. transaction transparency consent ownership currency ------------Correct Answer--------------------transaction transparency A financial institution publishes data about stock prices and market trends, which any business, nonprofit, or citizen can access, reuse, or redistribute through its online databases. What type of data is described in this scenario? Open Allowable Free Closed ------------Correct Answer--------------------Open
Fill in the blank: When using a relational database, data analysts write _____ to request data from the related tables. relationships keys queries programs ------------Correct Answer--------------------queries A large company has several databases across its many departments. What kind of metadata describes how many locations contain a certain piece of data? Structural Administrative Descriptive Representative ------------Correct Answer--------------------Structural A large metropolitan high school gives each of its students an ID number to differentiate them in its database. What kind of metadata are the ID numbers? Administrative Structural
Descriptive Representative ------------Correct Answer--------------------Descriptive An international nonprofit organization wants to merge third-party data with its own data. Which of the following actions will help make this process successful? Select all that apply. Use metadata to standardize the datasets. Replace the incoming data's metadata with its own company metadata. Use metadata to evaluate the third-party data's quality and credibility. Alter the internal metadata to more closely reflect the incoming metadata. --------- ---Correct Answer--------------------Use metadata to standardize the datasets Use metadata to evaluate the third-party data's quality and credibility Fill in the blank: Data _____ is a process data professionals use to ensure the formal management of their organization's data assets. sourcing governance organization storage ------------Correct Answer--------------------governance What are some key benefits of open-data initiatives? Select all that apply.
