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COMPLEMENTS
SUBJECT COMPLEMENT: C
s The little boy is handsome He is seven years old/ The swimming pool is very deep He must be Susan’s little brother He was a baby Syntactic Features I’m rather tired I’m feeling rather tired She is my daughter They are my daughters Mary isn’t herself today Peter and Mary make a good couple Realisations of the Subject Complement Adjective Phrases Noun Phrases Prepositional Phrases Adverb Phrases Finite Clauses Non-finite Clauses OBJECT COMPLEMENT: Co Syntactic Features We found the new secretary very helpful. Circumstances have made the brothers enemies You haven’t made the sleeves the same length Realisations of the Object Complement Adjective Phrases Noun Phrases Prepositional Phrases Finite Clauses Non-finite Clauses
MAJOR PATTERNS OF COMPLEMENTATION
Intransitive S P Kim & Tom arrived It was raining Monotransitive S P O d I bought a car Peter saw the accident S P O prep You can rely on Tom Max glanced at his watch Ditransitive S P Oi^ Od Mary told them the truth Tom gave Mary a ring I bought Peter an umbrella Complex- S P O d C o Transitive Tom made Susan angry He called her an angel They left the room in a mess/untidy Copula S P C s Mary was unhappy Peter is a very good husband The children are in a good mood/happy
Adjuncts, Disjuncts & Conjuncts Adjuncts - A Syntactic & Semantic Features The bells rang all day long Tom hired a car at Oxford The weather is rather unpredictable in these parts Hastily she hid the letter She hid the letter hastily She hastily hid the letter It was raining extremely hard / on the Continent / last night In the summer we often make our ice cream Manner : These flowers are growing very easily Place : She lives here Time : He arrived very early Frequency (indefinite): I usually arrive very early (definite): They pay me monthly Duration : We met her at your wedding very briefly Instrument : She opened the envelope with a penknife Purpose : I called John for a quick coffee Reason : Going to USA is cheap at the moment because of the exchange rate Realisations of the Adjunct Prepositional Phrases Adverb Phrases Noun Phrases Finite clauses Non-finite clauses Disjuncts - D Unfortunately the cat killed the mouse The cat unfortunately killed the mouse The cat killed the mouse unfortunately Personally , I think it is a waste of time From my point of view , it is a waste of time Adverbs: unfortunately, frankly Prepositional Phrases: in fact, in reality, Non-finite clauses: to be frank, to tell the truth Finite clauses: if I may be frank with you
Identify Adjuncts A, Conjuncts C & Disjuncts D in the following sentences: Ex: [D Happily] there wasn’t much mess.
- The children ran away happily
- He frankly doesn’t care
- He frankly told us all the truth
- He purposely crashed the car
- He spoke clearly
- We have to be careful, though
- They divided the cake equally
- The baby cried extremely loudly
- He understands everything clearly
- Clearly he understands everything
- He understands everything, clearly
- Frankly, she hates babies
- Unfortunately, Ken snores very loudly
- I try to be nice to him, however.
- Briefly, that is all I can say at the moment.
- I could speak to him very briefly
- In spite of that, he decided to stay
- Quite incredibly, he possesses a large fortune
- Seriously, you should work hard
- Queen Victoria died in 1901
- Thankfully, there is a parking area near their house.
- Nervously, he untied the parcel.
- Each summer we spend a few days in Madrid.
