Lesson 8
Comparative and Superlative
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comparative and superlative, Apuntes de Idioma Inglés
Asignatura: angles, Profesor: , Carrera: Psicologia, Universidad: UOC
Tipo: Apuntes
2014/2015
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Lesson 8
Comparative and Superlative
The Comparative
(^) Comparative adjectives are used to compare the differences between two or more nouns.
Short adjectives
(^) If the base adjective ends in "--y" we replace the "y" with "i": (^) heavy --> heavier (^) early --> earlier (^) busy --> busier
Short adjectives
(^) If the base adjective ends in "--e" we only add an "r": (^) large --> larger (^) simple --> simpler (^) late --> later
Short adjectives
(^) Some very common adjectives have irregular comparative forms: (^) good --> better (^) bad --> worse (^) far --> farther / further
Longer Adjectives
(^) Most adjectives which have three or more syllables are changed to a comparative form by: (^) Adding 'more' (for positive comparisons) (^) Adding 'less' (for negative comparisons) in front of the base adjective. (^) The form 'as + comparative + as' can also be used with longer adjective forms.
As much/many as.
(^) We can also use these forms: "As much/many + noun
- as + noun/pronoun" and 'As few/little + noun + as
- noun/pronoun' to compare quantity. (^) I earn as much money as you. (^) Alice has as many children as Mary. (^) I don't earn as much money as you. (^) We don't have as many children as Richard and Susan. (^) They have as few visitors as us. (^) They have as little money as us. Note: Although the 'as much/many' form is commonly used, the 'as few/little' form is rarely used in modern English.
The… the…
comparison
(^) The construction: (^) 'the + comparative + subject + verb + the + comparative + subject + verb' …is used to explain how one thing is affected by another, and to say how things change. Note the word order. (^) The more I work, the more tax I pay. (^) The older I get, the happier I am. (^) The more she talks, the less I understand her!
Short Adjectives
(^) One-syllable adjectives (and some common two-syllable adjectives) become superlative by adding the ending '--est'. (^) young --> youngest (^) tall --> tallest (^) old --> oldest
Short Adjectives
(^) If the adjective ends in '--y' we replace the 'y' with 'i' : (^) heavy --> heaviest (^) early --> earliest (^) busy --> busiest
Short Adjectives
(^) If the adjective ends in a single vowel + consonant, we double the consonant and add"-- est": (^) big --> biggest (^) thin --> thinnest (^) hot --> hottest
Short Adjectives
(^) Some very common superlatives have irregular forms: (^) good --> best (^) bad --> worst (^) far --> farthest