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Demography/Migration (Topic 11), Apuntes de Administración de Empresas

Asignatura: Topics in Spanish Economy, Profesor: , Carrera: Administració i Direcció d'Empreses - Anglès, Universidad: UAB

Tipo: Apuntes

2012/2013

Subido el 21/01/2013

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Topic 11. Demographic trends and migration flows
Hector Sala, Spanish Economy, 2012-2013, Topic 11
1
Outline:
DEMOGRAPHIC TRENDS
Evolution of total population (11.1)
Demographic equilibria and demographic transitions (11.2)
Demographic structure and future trends (11.3)
MIGRATION FLOWS
Contrast of theoretical model (11.4).
Migration flows (11.5)
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Topic 11. Demographic trends and migration flows

Outline:

DEMOGRAPHIC TRENDS

• Evolution of total population (11.1)

• Demographic equilibria and demographic transitions (11.2)

• Demographic structure and future trends (11.3)

MIGRATION FLOWS

• Contrast of theoretical model (11.4).

• Migration flows (11.5)

11.1. Evolution of total population (I) 2

Evolution of total population, 1800-1991 (Millions):

11.1. Evolution of total population (III) 4

Evolution of Spanish population, 1998-2012 (Millions):

11.1. Evolution of total population (IV) 5

Evolution of foreign population in Spain, 1998-2012 (Millions):

0,6 0,^

5,6 5,7^ 5,8^ 5,

11.2. Demographic equilibria and demographic transitions (III) 8

Future trend (Source: INE, November 2012):

From now on, Spanish population will tend to fall in absolute value!

11.3. Demographic structure and future trends (II) 10

Expected evolution of crucial indicators (I, continued) :

 The fall in the birth rates since the mid 1970s anticipates a fall in the growth rate of

population at some time.

Birth rate in Spain (born per 1,000 inhabitants):

11.3. Demographic structure and future trends (III) 11

Expected evolution of crucial indicators (II) :

Ageing population because:

 Life expectancy at birth grows by 8 years (males and females)

 Life expectancy at 65 grows by 7 years (males and females).

11.3. Demographic structure and future trends (V) 13

Expected evolution of crucial indicators (IV) :

Migration flows:

 The National Statistical Institute (INE) forecasts negative migration flows in

next decade, something that would speed up the fall of Spanish population

starting now!

11.3. Demographic structure and future trends (VI) 14

Expected evolution of crucial indicators (V) :

Total population:

 Spain evolves from 46,2 M. of resident population in 2012, to 41.6 M. in

four decades: there is a loss of 4.65 M. !!

11.3. Demographic structure and future trends (VIII) 16

MAIN CONSEQUENCE (of expected evolution of crucial indicators) :

Massive increase in old dependency ratio:

 The dependency ratio measures the proportion of potentially inactive

persons

 The old dependency ratio (for people above 64) is the proportion of this

group expressed as a percent over working-age population (16-64 years old).

11.3. Demographic structure and future trends (IX) 17

Wider context: evolution of Spanish old-age dependency ratio :

Spanish baby boom in broad sense: end 1950’s – mid 1970s.

Very dense generation that will reach 65 during the 2020’s.

5 million arrivals in a short-period of time (2000-2009) over a 40 million population:

  • Catalan demographic pyramid in
  • 11.3. Demographic structure and future trends (VII)
  • 11.4. Contrast of theoretical model (I)
  • 11.4. Contrast of theoretical model (II)
  • 11.5. Migration flows (I)
  • 39,2 39,5 39,6 39,
  • 39,9 40,1 40,2 40,
  • 40,6 40,7 40,9 41,
  • 41,3 41,4 41,
  • 0,
  • 0,7 0,
  • 1,
  • 2,
  • 2,7 3,
  • 3,
  • 4,1 4,
  • 5,
  • 5,6 5,
  • 5,8 5,
  • 35,
  • 37,
  • 39,
  • 41,
  • 43,
  • 45,
  • 47,
  • 49,