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Labour market (Topic 12), Apuntes de Administración de Empresas

Asignatura: Topics in Spanish Economy, Profesor: , Carrera: Administració i Direcció d'Empreses - Anglès, Universidad: UAB

Tipo: Apuntes

2012/2013

Subido el 21/01/2013

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Topic 12. Overview of the labour market
Hector Sala, Spanish Economy, 2012-2013, Topic 12
1
Outline:
Key variables (12.1)
Standard representation of the labour market (12.2)
Unemployment: evolution and causes of this evolution (12.3)
Extra: youth unemployment (12.4)
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Topic 12. Overview of the labour market

Outline:

  • Key variables (12.1)
  • Standard representation of the labour market (12.2)
  • Unemployment: evolution and causes of this evolution (12.3)
  • Extra: youth unemployment (12.4)

12.1. Key variables (I) 2

Key concepts:

  1. Employment ( N )
  2. Unemployment ( U )
  3. Active population ( L )
  4. Inactive population
  5. Working-age population ( Z )
  6. Total population
  7. Unemployment rate
  8. Participation rate
  9. Employment rate

12.1. Key variables (III) 4

Labour market situation in Spain (third quarter 2012): MALES

12.1. Key variables (IV) 5

Labour market situation in Spain (third quarter 2012): FEMALES

12.1. Key variables (VI) 7

Labour market situation in Spain (third quarter 2012):

EMPLOYMENT BY SECTORS

HOUSEHOLDS

12.1. Key variables (VII) 8

Regional unemployment rate in Spain (third quarter 2012):

Case 2: Imperfect competition

12.2. Standard representation of the labour market (II)

L L ( W / P )

N , L

P

W

FE

P

W

N N ( W / P )

FE

N

W W ( N )

* u

P

W

12.3. Unemployment: evolution and causes of this evolution (I)

Figure 1: Unemployment rate in Spain .

EPA OECD

12.3. Unemployment: evolution and causes of this evolution (III) 13

1986-1994: Pure persistence 1986-2012: Persistence CAUSES:

  1. Standard theoretical “textbook” explanation
  2. Employment mismatch
  3. Demographic causes
  4. “Cultural” or “sociological” causes

12.3. Unemployment: evolution and causes of this evolution (IV) 14

2. Employment mismatch:

Employment in agriculture (thousands):

1976TIII 1977TIII 1978TIII 1979TIII 1980TIII 1981TIII 1982TIII 1983TIII 1984TIII 1985TIII 1986TIII 1987TIII 1988TIII 1989TIII 1990TIII 1991TIII 1992TIII 1993TIII 1994TIII 1995TIII 1996TIII 1997TIII 1998TIII 1999TIII 2000TIII 2001TIII 2002TIII 2003TIII 2004TIII

12.3. Unemployment: evolution and causes of this evolution (VI) 16

3. Demographic causes (II):

Birth rate (per 10,000 inhabitants):

12.3. Unemployment: evolution and causes of this evolution (VII) 17

4. “Cultural” or “sociological” causes (II):

Active population:

1976TIII 1977TIII 1978TIII 1979TIII 1980TIII 1981TIII 1982TIII 1983TIII 1984TIII 1985TIII 1986TIII 1987TIII 1988TIII 1989TIII 1990TIII 1991TIII 1992TIII 1993TIII 1994TIII 1995TIII 1996TIII 1997TIII 1998TIII 1999TIII 2000TIII 2001TIII 2002TIII 2003TIII 2004TIII
MALES
FEMALES

12.3. Unemployment: evolution and causes of this evolution (IX)

2008-2012: “Great Recession”

  • High labour market sensitivity: Employment destruction reflects economic

crisis

  • Causes explaining the crisis valid here (Topic 05).

Specific to the labour market:

  • Intensity of job destruction (creating “artifical” increases in productivity)
  • Youth bias in job destruction

12.3. Unemployment: evolution and causes of this evolution (X)

2008-2012: “Great Recession”

Quarterly unemployment rate:

From 8.0% in 2007 Q2 to 17.4% in 2009 Q1!!

Overall, 17 percentage points!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

8,0 8,^
17,4 17,9^ 17,^
20,1 20,1 19,8 20,^
24,4 24,6^ 25,
2007TI 2007TII 2007TIII 2007TIV 2008TI 2008TII 2008TIII 2008TIV 2009TI 2009TII 2009TIII 2009TIV 2010TI 2010TII 2010TIII 2010TIV 2011TI 2011TII 2011TIII 2011TIV 2012TI 2012TII 2012TIII