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Asignatura: Anglès (intermediate), Profesor: , ,, Carrera: Psicologia, Universidad: URL
Tipo: Apuntes
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¡No te pierdas las partes importantes!
When do we use it?
How to form
Object becomes subject and the verb changes into “to be + past participle”. If the original subject is important, we mention it with “by”.
If the object is a pronoun…
Me I
Him He
Her She
Them They
Us We
Verb
Use Form Example
Zero It is used to talk about things which are always true.
If + present simple + main clause in present simple
If you mix red and blue, you get purple.
First It is used to talk about thins which are possible in the present or the future.
If I finish my homework early, I will watch TV.
Second It is used to talk about things which are unreal (hypothetical/ imaginary) in the present or the future.
If Alice moved abroad, she would learn another language.
If it had been sunny yesterday, I would have gone to the beach
When do we use it?
It is the grammar that we use if we want to tell another person about a conversation that look place in the past.
We use “say and tell”. The difference between this two verbs, is that after “say” we don’t use a person or an object pronoun, but with “tell”, we use it.
What has changed?
Pronoun My Her
Gerunds Infinitives Is the –ing form of a verb used as a noun.
Is to + the simple form of a verb.
To use gerunds, use the base form
To form infinitive use to + base form of the verb. I want to dance. To form negative gerund, use not + gerund. Not speaking English well is my biggest problem.
To form negative infinitive use not + infinitive. He decided not to go to the party. Gerund used as subject of the sentence. Travelling might satisfy your desire for new experiences
Infinitive in the subject position. To live in the UE is my dream.
Gerunds used as objects. They do not appreciate my singing.
Infinitive of purpose. I came here in order to learn. Gerund as object preposition. He’s excited about playing tennis.
Too + adjective or adverb + infinitive. She is too young to vote. By + gerund. You get good grades by studying hard
Adjective or adverb + enough + infinitive. They are old enough to vote. Go + gerund. I will go fishing with you tomorrow.
To express reason or purpose.
After preposition and phrasal verbs. After modals, make and let, we don’t use “to”. Differences Gerunds: often follow verbs that indicate that an action is happening or has happened. The action expressed by the verb comes at the same time or after the action expressed by the gerund.
Infinitives: often follow verbs that indicate that an action will or could happen. The action expressed by the verbs comes before the action expressed by the infinitive.
Verbs that are followed by a noun phrase + infinitive can also be followed by a gerund. The gerund makes it general and the infinitive make specific the person indicated.
When a specific performer of the gerund action needs to be indicated, a possessive noun or a possessive determiner is used.
When an infinitive functions as a subject, any stated subject of the infinitive should be preceded by for. If a pronoun follows for, it must be in object form. When the subject of a gerund is stated, it takes the possessive form.
Countable nouns Uncountable nouns
Many (Muchos)
Negative and interrogative.
Much (Mucho)
Negative and interrogative.
Few (pocos)
Means that is not enough of something. Negative.
Little (poco)
Means that is not enough of something. Negative.
A few (unos pocos)
Means that there are not a lot of something, but there is enough. Positive.
A little (un poco)
Means that there are not a lot of something, but there is enough. Positive. Both cases
Enough (suficiente) Is placed before the noun to indicate the quantity required or necessary. After adjectives.
Plenty (mucho) Positive sentences.
A lot of/ lots of (un monton) Positive sentences.
Some/ Any (algunos) Is used to state the quantity, amount of something. The exact number is not stated. It can use when the number is not known and the exact number is not important or relevant. Is used with countable and uncountable nouns.
Some
-Positive sentences.
-When asking a question, if the answer is expected to be positive or not relevant or you are offering something.
What is?
Is a short question at the end of a sentence using the following form.
When do we use it?
How do we form?
Exceptions
