GRAMMAR B.1.3
(Book: speakout upper-intermediate)
UNIT ONE
Direct and indirect questions
-Indirect: more polite “could you tell me where the museum is?”could you tell me where the museum is?””
-Direct: “could you tell me where the museum is?”where is the museum?””
Present perfect
Started in the past but has some effect in the present. On the contrary, past simple is
finished.
In Spanish: “could you tell me where the museum is?”he ido, he comido etc”
-Suj + have/ has + participle
“could you tell me where the museum is?”Janet has lived abroad for five years”
Polite enquiries
Related to indirect questions.
“could you tell me where the museum is?”Could you tell me, would you mind telling me…”
UNITO TWO
Present perfect simple and continuous
-Simple: acción acabada. Énfasis en el resultado.
“could you tell me where the museum is?”I have written a novel”
-Continuous: énfasis en la continuidad de la situación.
“could you tell me where the museum is?”I have been working all day”
“could you tell me where the museum is?”He has been crying all night”
The passive
-Suj + to be + participio pasado
“could you tell me where the museum is?”The speech is written for the president”
“could you tell me where the museum is?”The house was built in 1975”
