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Altera DE0 Board

Version 1.00 Copyright © 2009 Terasic Technologies

Altera DE0 Board

ii

• Chapter 1 DE0 Package..................................................................................................................... CONTENTS
  • 1.1 Package Contents .................................................................................................................
  • 1.2 The DE0 Board Assembly....................................................................................................
  •  Getting Help.........................................................................................................................
• Chapter 2 Altera DE0 Board.............................................................................................................
  • 2.1 Layout and Components ......................................................................................................
  • 2.2 Block Diagram of the DE0 Board........................................................................................
  • 2.3 Power-up the DE0 Board .....................................................................................................
• Chapter 3 DE0 Control Panel ...........................................................................................................
  • 3.1 Control Panel Setup .............................................................................................................
  • 3.2 Controlling the LEDs and 7-Segment Displays.................................................................
  • 3.3 Switches and Buttons .........................................................................................................
  • 3.4 SDRAM and Flash Controller and Programmer................................................................
  • 3.5 PS2 Device.........................................................................................................................
  • 3.6 SD CARD ..........................................................................................................................
  • 3.7 VGA ...................................................................................................................................
• Chapter 4 Using the DE0 Board .....................................................................................................
  • 4.1 Configuring the Cyclone III FPGA....................................................................................
  • 4.2 Using the LEDs and Switches............................................................................................
  • 4.3 Using the 7-segment Displays............................................................................................
  • 4.4 Clock Circuitry...................................................................................................................
  • 4.5 Using the LCD Module......................................................................................................
  • 4.6 Using the Expansion Header..............................................................................................
  • 4.7 Using VGA ........................................................................................................................
  • 4.8 RS-232 Serial Port .............................................................................................................
  • 4.9 PS/2 Serial Port ..................................................................................................................
  • 4.10 SD Card Socket..................................................................................................................
  • 4.11 Using SDRAM and Flash ..................................................................................................
• Chapter 5 Examples of Advanced Demonstrations ......................................................................
  • 5.1 DE0 Factory Configuration................................................................................................
  • 5.2 SD Card..............................................................................................................................
  • 5.3 VGA Color Pattern Demonstration ....................................................................................
• Chapter 6 Appendix .........................................................................................................................
  • 6.1 Revision History ................................................................................................................

Chapter 1

DE0 Package

The DE0 package contains all the components needed to use the DE0 board in conjunction with a computer that runs the Microsoft Windows software.

1.1 Package Contents

Figure 1.1 shows a photograph of the DE0 package.

Figure 1.1. The DE0 package contents.

The DE0 package includes:

• The DE0 board
• USB Cable for FPGA programming and control
• DE0 System CD containing : o Altera’s Quartus®^ II Web Edition and the Nios®^ II Embedded Design Suit Evaluation Edition software o the DE0 documentation and supporting materials, including the User Manual, the Control Panel utility, reference designs and demonstrations, device datasheets, tutorials, and a set of laboratory exercises
• Clear plastic cover for the board
• 7.5 DC wall-mount power supply

1.2 The DE0 Board Assembly

To assemble the included stands for the DE0 board:

• Assemble a rubber (silicon) cover, as shown in Figure 1.2, for each of the four copper stands on the DE0 board
• The clear plastic cover provides extra protection, and is mounted over the top of the board by using additional stands and screws

Figure 1.2. The feet for the DE0 board.

Getting Help

Here are the addresses where you can get help if you encounter problems:

Slide Switches (10) User LEDs (10) PushButton Switches (3)

SDRAM (8 Mbytes)

Expansion Headers (2) Cyclone III EP3C16F

FLASH (4 Mbytes)

USB Blaster Circuit

7 - Segment Display (4) RUN/PROG Switch forJTAG/AS Modes

16 x 2 LCD Interface

Power ON/OFF Switch

Triple 4 - bit VGA DAC PS/2 Port SD Card Socket

RS - 232 Interface 50 - MHz Oscillator

Power Supply Input USB Blaster Connector

Altera EPCS 4Configuration Device

Figure 2.1. The DE0 board.

The DE0 board has many features that allow the user to implement a wide range of designed circuits, from simple circuits to various multimedia projects.

The following hardware is provided on the DE0 board:

• Altera Cyclone®^ III 3C16 FPGA device
• Altera Serial Configuration device – EPCS
• USB Blaster (on board) for programming and user API control; both JTAG and Active Serial (AS) programming modes are supported
• 8-Mbyte SDRAM
• 4-Mbyte Flash memory
• SD Card socket
• 3 pushbutton switches
• 10 toggle switches
• 10 green user LEDs
• 50-MHz oscillator for clock sources
• VGA DAC (4-bit resistor network) with VGA-out connector

• RS-232 transceiver
• PS/2 mouse/keyboard connector
• Two 40-pin Expansion Headers

2.2 Block Diagram of the DE0 Board

Figure 2.2 gives the block diagram of the DE0 board. To provide maximum flexibility for the user, all connections are made through the Cyclone IIII FPGA device. Thus, the user can configure the FPGA to implement any system design.

RS-232 Transceiver

7-Segment Display (4)

EP3C16F

16X2 LCD Module Flash (4 Mbytes)

User LEDs (10)

PS/

Slide Switches (10)

PushButton Switches (3)

Expansion Headers (2)

SDRAM (8 Mbytes)

Triple 4-bit VGA DAC

SD Card Socket

EPCS Config Device

USB Blaster

16X2 LCD Interface

Figure 2.2. Block diagram of the DE0 board.

Following is more detailed information about the blocks in Figure 2.2:

Cyclone IIII 3C16 FPGA  15,408 LEs  56 M9K Embedded Memory Blocks  504K total RAM bits  56 embedded multipliers  4 PLLs  346 user I/O pins

Serial ports  One RS-232 port (Without DB-9 serial connector)  One PS/2 port (Can be used through a PS/2 Y Cable to allow you to connect a keyboard and mouse to one port)

Two 40-pin expansion headers  72 Cyclone III I/O pins, as well as 8 power and ground lines, are brought out to two 40-pin expansion connectors  40-pin header is designed to accept a standard 40-pin ribbon cable used for IDE hard drives

2.3 Power-up the DE0 Board

The DE0 board comes with a preloaded configuration bit stream to demonstrate some features of the board. This bit stream also allows users to see quickly if the board is working properly. To power-up the board perform the following steps:

1. Connect the provided USB cable from the host computer to the USB Blaster connector on the DE0 board. For communication between the host and the DE0 board, it is necessary to install the Altera USB Blaster driver software. If this driver is not already installed on the host computer, it can be installed as explained in the tutorial Getting Started with Altera's DE0 Board. This tutorial is available in the directory DE0\DE0_user_manual on the DE System CD-ROM.
2. Connect the 7.5V adapter to the DE0 board
3. Connect a VGA monitor to the VGA port on the DE0 board
4. Turn the RUN/PROG switch on the left edge of the DE0 board to RUN position; the PROG position is used only for the AS Mode programming
5. Turn the power on by pressing the ON/OFF switch on the DE0 board

At this point you should observe the following:

• All user LEDs are flashing
• All 7-segment displays are cycling through the numbers 0 to F
• The VGA monitor displays the image shown in Figure 2.3.

Figure 2.3. The default VGA output pattern.

Figure 3.1. The DE0 Control Panel.

Figure 3.2. The error message of the DE0 Control Panel.

The concept of the DE0 Control Panel is illustrated in Figure 3.3. The “Control Codes” that perform the control functions is implemented in the FPGA board. It communicates with the Control Panel window, which is active on the host computer, via the USB Blaster link. The graphical interface is used to issue commands to the control codes. It handles all requests and performs data transfers between the computer and the DE0 board.

FPGA/ SOPC

NIOS II

TIMER

JTAG

System Interconnect Fabric

PS2 Controller

SDRAM Controller SDRAM PS2 Keyboard

JTAG Blaster Hardware

SEG7 Controller 7-SEG Display

Flash Controller Avalon- MM Tris tate Bridge Flash

PIO Controller (^) Switch/ Seg7/LED/Button/ SD- Card

VGA Controller (^) VGA

Figure 3.3. The DE0 Control Panel concept.

The DE0 Control Panel can be used to light up the LEDs, change the values displayed on 7-segment, monitor buttons/switches status, read/write the SDRAM and Flash Memory, read data from a PS/ keyboard, output color pattern to LCD monitor via VGA connector, and read SD-CARD specification information. The feature of reading/writing a word or an entire file from/to the Flash Memory allows the user to develop multimedia application (Flash Picture Viewer) without worrying about how to build a Memory Programmer.

3.2 Controlling the LEDs and 7-Segment Displays

A simple function of the Control Panel is to allow setting the values displayed on LEDs and the 7-segment displays.

Choosing the LED tab leads to the window in Figure 3.4. Here, you can directly turn the individual LEDs on or off by selecting them individually or by clicking “Light All” or “Unlight All”.

The ability to set arbitrary values into simple display devices is not needed in typical design activities. However, it gives the user a simple mechanism for verifying that these devices are functioning correctly in case a malfunction is suspected. Thus, it can be used for troubleshooting purposes.

3.3 Switches and Buttons

Choosing the Button tab leads to the window in Figure 3.6. The function is designed to monitor the status of switches and buttons in real time and show the status in a graphical user interface. It can be used to verify the functionality of the switches and buttons.

Press the Start button to start button/switch status monitoring process, and button caption is changed from Start to Stop. In the monitoring process, the status of buttons and switches on the board is shown in the GUI window and updated in real time. Press Stop to end the monitoring process.

Figure 3.6. Monitoring switches and buttons.

The ability to check the status of button and switch is not needed in typical design activities. However, it provides users a simple mechanism for verifying if the buttons and switches are functioning correctly. Thus, it can be used for troubleshooting purposes.

3.4 SDRAM and Flash Controller and Programmer

The Control Panel can be used to write/read data to/from the SDRAM and FLASH chips on the DE0 board. Click on the Memory tab and select “SDRAM” to reach the window in Figure 3.7. Please note to erase the flash memory before writing data to it.

Figure 3.7. Accessing the SDRAM

A 16-bit word can be written into the SDRAM by entering the address of the desired location, specifying the data to be written, and pressing the Write button. Contents of the location can be read by pressing the Read button. Figure 3.7 depicts the result of writing the hexadecimal value 7eff into location 000000, followed by reading the same location.

The Sequential Write function of the Control Panel is used to write the contents of a file into the SDRAM as follows:

1. Specify the starting address in the Address box.
2. Specify the number of bytes to be written in the Length box. If the entire file is to be loaded, then a checkmark may be placed in the File Length box instead of giving the number of bytes.
3. To initiate the writing of data, click on the Write a File to Memory button.
4. When the Control Panel responds with the standard Windows dialog box asking for the source file, specify the desired file in the usual manner.

Figure 3.8. Reading the PS2 Keyboards

3.6 SD CARD

The function is designed to read the identification and specification of the SD card. The 1-bit SD MODE is used to access the SD card. This function can be used to verify the functionality of SD-CARD Interface. Follow the steps below to exercise the SD card:

1. Choosing the SD-CARD tab leads to the window in Figure 3.9.
2. Insert a SD card to the DE0 board, then press the Read button to read the SD card. The SD card’s identification and specification will be displayed in the control window.

Figure 3.9. Reading the SD card Identification and Specification

3.7 VGA

DE0 control panel provides VGA pattern function that allows users to output color pattern to LCD/CRT monitor using the DE0 FPGA board. Please follow the steps below to generate the VGA pattern function:

1. Choosing the VGA tab leads to the window in Figure 3.10.
2. Plug a D-sub cable to the VGA connector of the DE0 board and LCD/CRT monitor.
3. The LCD/CRT monitor will display the same color pattern on the control panel window.
4. Click the drop down menu shown in Figure 3.10 where you can output the selected color individually.