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Inglés instrumental, Apuntes de Idioma Inglés

Universidad de Córdoba (UCO)Idioma Inglés
Prof. María Carmen Muñoz Portero

Asignatura: Ingles instrumental, Profesor: Portero Muñoz, Mª. Carmen, Carrera: Estudios Ingleses, Universidad: UCO

Tipo: Apuntes

2010/2011

Subido el 28/03/2011

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Unit 1: Patterns
1. Ing- Participle clause
Eg: I enjoy cooking (*I enjoy to cook)
She doesn’t mind being disturbed while she is working.
Admit (that) appreciate Anticipate (that) Attempt (to)
avoid Begin (to) defer delay
Deny (that) Don’t like endure enjoy
escape excuse Face (encarar) forgive
Give up finish involve Leave off
Like (to) mention mind Miss
practise Prefer (to) Put off Report (that)
resist risk Suggest (that) Start (to)
Understand (that) Can’t stand Can’t help He used to
•After a preposition
Eg: He is always talking about moving to the country
I look forward to hearing from you.
Notice that to is a preposition here (use to sign of the infinitive). More examples
are:
•Do you object to working on Sundays?
•I’m not used to driving in London.
If you aren’t sure whether to is a preposition or not, try putting a noun after it, if
you can, it’s a preposition.
Eg: I’m not used to driving.
Therefore: I’m not used to driving on the left.
I used to travel… F 0
E 0
suelo viajar
I used to travelling… F0
E 0
estoy acostumbrado a viajar.
•Alternative patterns.
Many verbs allow several complementation types: many verbs admit to-inf.
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Unit 1: Patterns

  1. Ing- Participle clause Eg: I enjoy cooking (*I enjoy to cook) She doesn’t mind being disturbed while she is working.

Admit (that) appreciate Anticipate (that) Attempt (to) avoid Begin (to) defer delay Deny (that) Don’t like endure enjoy escape excuse Face (encarar) forgive Give up finish involve Leave off Like (to) mention mind Miss practise Prefer (to) Put off Report (that) resist risk Suggest (that) Start (to) Understand (that) Can’t stand Can’t help He used to

  • After a preposition Eg: He is always talking about moving to the country I look forward to hearing from you. Notice that to is a preposition here (use to sign of the infinitive). More examples are:
  • Do you object to working on Sundays?
  • (^) I’m not used to driving in London. If you aren’t sure whether to is a preposition or not, try putting a noun after it, if you can, it’s a preposition. Eg: I’m not used to driving. Therefore: I’m not used to driving on the left. I used to travel… F 0E 0 suelo viajar I used to travelling… F 0E 0 estoy acostumbrado a viajar.
  • Alternative patterns. Many verbs allow several complementation types: many verbs admit to-inf.
  1. To-inf / -ing participle. No change of little change of meaning. a) Have, hate, prefer. I love meeting people or I love to meet people. But when we are referring to one particular occasion it’s more common to use the infinitive. AFTER WOULD TO-INF. IS USED Eg: I’d love lo come and see you. / I would prefer to talk. b) Like Eg: I like getting up early or I like to get up early. Some factors influencing the choice.
  • Enjoy + -ing: I like cooking. “choose to, be in the habit of, think it right to” + to-inf
  • Would like (love have prefer, wish, want) + -ing What would you like to do tomorrow? c) Begin, start, continue, stop, finish. Sometimes, a number of factors with influence a choice.
  • (^) Contrast between potentially and performance. Eg: He started to speak, but he stopped because… He started speaking and kept on for…
  • Where multiple activities are involved, the association of the –ing whit the progressive aspect may be influence a preference for the participle. Eg: He began opening all the cupboards.
  • When we are talking about the beginning of a long or habitual activity, it’s more common to use an –ing form. Eg: How old are you when you first started playing the piano?
  • After a progressive form of begin or start the –ing form is not used.

REGRET + TO INF = be sorry for what one is going to do.

  1. Be sorry Eg: - Sorry to disturb you, Could I speak to you? - I’m sorry for waking you up yesterday. SORRY + TO-INF = regret me apologize for sth we’re about to do (deliberated action) SORRY + FOR –ING / that+clause / perfect inf. “I apologize for something we have done (it can also refer to an immediately following action, although the infinitive is more usual in that case: be ashamed.)”
  2. Be ashamed Be ashamed of + ing = previous action Be ashamed + infinitive = subsequent action
  3. Go on Eg: He went on talking about his accident. He went on to talk about his accident. GO ON + ING = continue what one has been doing before. GO ON + TO INF= change, move on to do sth new (after). Introduce a new aspect.
  4. Stop Eg: I stopped going to evening classes. I stopped to buy some coffee. STOP DOING = GIVE UP (dejar de hacer algo) STOP TO DO = stop to do sth to do sth after.
  5. Try Eg: I was very tired. I tried to keep my eyes open but I couldn’t. I’ve got a terrible headache. I tried taking an aspirin but it didn’t help. TRY TO DO = attempt to do. Make an effort. TRY DOING = do sth as an experiment or test.
  • I was very tired, I tried to keep my eyes open but I couldn’t. (make an effort)
  • I tried taking an aspirin but it didn’t work.
  1. Watch Watch, hear, (verbos que denoten percepción) Eg: I watched him while he was eating. I watched the boy to eat the apple. WATCH SOMEBODY DOING STH = process of doing sth. WATCH SOMEBODY DO STH = watch the whole action.
  2. Mean Eg: I mean to get to the top by sunrise. …If it means standing in a queue al night. MEAN + TO-INF = intend MEAN + ING = involve (used only with an impersonal object) Eg: My mother is angry, it means staying at home early tonight. I mean to have a good job. Crisis means losing jobs.
  3. Propose Eg: I propose to start tomorrow. I propose waiting till the police get here. PROPOSE + TO-INF = intend PROPOSE + -ING = suggest
  4. Need. Want, require Eg: Your hair needs cutting = passive = your hair needs to be cut. It needs to take more exercise. I need to do sth = active meaning. (it’s necessary for me to do sth) I need doing sth = passive meaning (it has to be) Eg: does the baby need bathing? Does thar skirt need dry-cleaning?
  5. Be afraid Eg: I’m afraid to dive into the swimming pool. (action that you decide) I’m afraid falling into the swimming pool. (you don’t decide this action)