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ingles week 10 conalep, Esquemas y mapas conceptuales de Inglés

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es unn documento de ingles de la week

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Colegio Nacional de Educación Profesional

Técnica

CENG-

03

1

/ 105

Student´s name:

Learning unit:

2.Expression of ideas about past present and future events

Learning outcome:

2.2Describe actions or activities related to work occupation using the reported speech andpassive voice

Activity number 22:

Use the passive voice

We use the passive voice when we want to give more importance to the object of the action than to the agent of the action, or when

we do not know or prefer not to mention said agent. In English, especially in scientific language, passive voice is used more

frequently

than Spanish.

Examples of passive sentences are:

The classification is founded on climatic phenomena

The Quaternary was marked by a striking development of glaciers

The phenomenon has been studied

These are separated by phases of returning warmith

The time scale has heen established by a study of climatic

conditions It has not been absolutely proved

Efforts have been made

What is the passive voice? To understand this concept, you must first know what the active voice is. The active voice is the way we

usually speak. We always say that someone (a person) performs (or does not perform) an action.

For example:

Present: Technician repairs installation.

Past: The technician repaired the installation

In this example we say that the technician performs (or performed) the action of repairing the installation. Therefore, the active voice

refers to those phrases in which we express that a person (the subject) performs an action.

However, there are times when we do not want to emphasize that a person is the one doing the action. In this case, we make the

objec

t

(thin

gs

or

peop

l

e

o

n

whom

the

act

ion

fall

s)

t

ake

ce

nter

sta

ge

i

n

the

acti

on

.

I

n

the

exa

mple

we

h

a

ve

se

en,

w

e

would

s

ay

:

Present: the installation is repaired the installation is repaired

Past: the installation was repaired the installation was repaired

Therefore, in the passive voice we use the object of the sentence as a

subject. Then you may want to mention who repaired the installation

In

t

his

c

as

e

we

would

s

ay

:

The

inst

all

at

i

on

was

rep

ai

red

by

the

te

c

hnic

ia

n

But it sounds weird in Spanish, doesn't it? That is because the passive form is not as used as in English.

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Colegio Nacional de Educación Profesional

Técnica

CENG-

Student´s name: Learning unit: 2. Expression of ideas about past present and future events Learning outcome: 2.2 Describe actions or activities related to work occupation using the reported speech andpassive voice Activity number 22: Use the passive voice We use the passive voice when we want to give more importance to the object of the action than to the agent of the action, or when we do not know or prefer not to mention said agent. In English, especially in scientific language, passive voice is used more frequently than Spanish. Examples of passive sentences are: The classification is founded on climatic phenomena The Quaternary was marked by a striking development of glaciers The phenomenon has been studied These are separated by phases of returning warmith The time scale has heen established by a study of climatic conditions It has not been absolutely proved Efforts have been made What is the passive voice? To understand this concept, you must first know what the active voice is. The active voice is the way we usually speak. We always say that someone (a person) performs (or does not perform) an action. For example: Present: Technician repairs installation. Past: The technician repaired the installation In this example we say that the technician performs (or performed) the action of repairing the installation. Therefore, the active voice refers to those phrases in which we express that a person (the subject) performs an action. However, there are times when we do not want to emphasize that a person is the one doing the action. In this case, we make the object (things or people on whom the action falls) take center stage in the action. In the example we have seen, we would say: Present: the installation is repaired the installation is repaired Past: the installation was repaired the installation was repaired Therefore, in the passive voice we use the object of the sentence as a subject. Then you may want to mention who repaired the installation In this case we would say: The installation was repaired by the technician But it sounds weird in Spanish, doesn't it? That is because the passive form is not as used as in English.

Colegio Nacional de Educación Profesional

Técnica

CENG- 2 / 105

Structure Object (makes Subject) + verb "to be" conjugated + past participle + complement. For example: This house was built in 1980. This house was built in 1980. But how do we transform an active phrase into a passive phrase?

We look for the object (it can be a thing or a person on which the action of the subject falls) of the active phrase and we make it a subject. We literally turn the phrase around. & 2) We change the main verb (the one that performs the action) to the verb structure "to be" conjugated + participle of verb. Subject: He (person) built the house. Transformation example: Active phrase: He (subject person) built (active verb) the house (object). He built the house. Passive phrase: The house (Subject object) was built (passive verb) by him. The house was built for him. Subject "The house" was built by him You have to match the verb tenses of the verb "to be". If the verb in the active sentence is in Present Tense We will say, for example: "is / are + built". If the verb is in Past Tense we will say "was / were + built". If the verb is in Present Perfect we will say "have / has been + built." The passive voice is used much more in English than in Spanish. The passive voice is used more in journalistic and scientific language than in colloquial. The passive voice is formed with the corresponding tense of the verb to be followed by the past participle of the verb that we are conjugating. Therefore, the structure of the English passive voice is equivalent to the first passive Castilian. "The phenomenon has been studied" "The phenomenon has been studied" However, when translating, we can also use the reflexive passive The phenomenon has been studied Sometimes only the passive reflex allows us to carry out a good translation Efforts have been made It is a preferable version to: "Efforts have been made" When we express the agent, it will appear preceded by the preposition by which is equivalent to Spanish These are separated by phases of returning warmith

Colegio Nacional de Educación Profesional

Técnica

CENG- 86 / 105

Student´s name: Learning unit: 2. Expression of ideas about past present and future events Learning outcome: 2.3 Express predictions and plans in different work situations using "will" and "going to" Activity number 25: Planning for the future Talk about personal and work plans Use of going to To talk about something you have planned and will do in the immediate future, you must use the expression "going to". The work plan allows to establish what are the objectives to be achieved in a certain period of time, the problems that can be presented and the methodology to be used to face them, defining aspects such as the available budget, the assigned human resources or the planned chronology for their develpment. It serves to plan how to execute initiatives or projects, establish the tasks in which the staff is immersed and guide the work of the personnel involved in its execution To prepare a work plan, in addition to breaking down the budget and detailing the functions and deadlines for implementation, the following must be specified:

The project execution period
The objectives to be achieved with the initiative.
The obstacles that must be resolved to achieve it
The necessary resources, both human and material for its development
The strategy to overcome limitations and get the job done Its wording should be clear and concise so that it is understood what the project consists of, what obstacles it will face and how it will be executed. Must be: Take into account the audience or audience you are targeting Be realistic, with estimates and projections achievable to ensure the completion of the project Justify the work plan explaining what is going to be done and arguing why it can be done. It is convenient to incorporate statistics, data and graphics to support the project.

LESSON 7

Let’s Go Organic!

VOCABULARY

a. Listen to the vocabulary words and practice the pronunciation.

Match the words and the definitions. Check your answers with

your classmates and teacher. (Track 17)

1. organic a) a natural fuel such as coal or gas, formed in the

geological past from the remains of living

organisms

2. pesticide b) water that has fallen as rain, rather than water

that has come from a tap

3. fertilizer c) the process by which the surface of the earth is

worn away by the action of water,

glaciers, winds, waves, etc.

4. preservative d) a substance used to preserve foodstuffs, wood,

or other materials against decay

5. fossil fuel e) not to use artificial chemicals in the growing of

plants and animals for food and other products

6. welfare f) to (make something) become larger in amount

or size

7. erosion g) the health, happiness, and fortunes of a person

or group

8. rainwater h) a substance used to make soil more fertile

9. increase i) to have knowledge; conscious; cognizant

10. aware j) a chemical substance used to kill harmful

insects, small animals, wild plants, and other

unwanted organisms

Talking about eating habits, people decide to follow different types of diets. Here are some of them:

· Fruitarian: it’s a fruit only diet; some fruitarians

may include some nuts, seeds and leaves.

· Raw vegans: People who follow this diet eat only

raw foods (not cooked) that are not animal

products.

· Vegan: Vegans will not eat any kind of animal

products.

· Raw vegetarian: If you follow this diet, you may

eat

raw milk products in addition to vegetables.

· Lacto-vegetarian: Lacto-vegetarians will not eat

meat, poultry, fish/seafood, or eggs. The lacto-

vegetarian diet includes milk and milk products

and, of course, fruits, vegetables, nuts, etc.

· Ovo-lacto-vegetarian: People who live under this

diet will not eat meat, poultry, or fish/seafood.

They will eat eggs, milk, and milk products in

addition to

GRAMMAR

Present Perfect Continuous T

ingles week 10 conalep, Esquemas y mapas conceptuales de Inglés

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Colegio Nacional de Educación Profesional

Técnica

CENG-

Colegio Nacional de Educación Profesional

Técnica

CENG- 2 / 105

Colegio Nacional de Educación Profesional

Técnica

CENG- 86 / 105

LESSON 7

Let’s Go Organic!

VOCABULARY

a. Listen to the vocabulary words and practice the pronunciation.

Match the words and the definitions. Check your answers with

your classmates and teacher. (Track 17)

1. organic a) a natural fuel such as coal or gas, formed in the

geological past from the remains of living

organisms

2. pesticide b) water that has fallen as rain, rather than water

that has come from a tap

3. fertilizer c) the process by which the surface of the earth is

worn away by the action of water,

glaciers, winds, waves, etc.

4. preservative d) a substance used to preserve foodstuffs, wood,

or other materials against decay

5. fossil fuel e) not to use artificial chemicals in the growing of

plants and animals for food and other products

6. welfare f) to (make something) become larger in amount

or size

7. erosion g) the health, happiness, and fortunes of a person

or group

8. rainwater h) a substance used to make soil more fertile

9. increase i) to have knowledge; conscious; cognizant

10. aware j) a chemical substance used to kill harmful

insects, small animals, wild plants, and other

unwanted organisms

Talking about eating habits, people decide to follow different types of diets. Here are some of them:

· Fruitarian: it’s a fruit only diet; some fruitarians

may include some nuts, seeds and leaves.

· Raw vegans: People who follow this diet eat only

raw foods (not cooked) that are not animal

products.

· Vegan: Vegans will not eat any kind of animal

products.

· Raw vegetarian: If you follow this diet, you may

eat

raw milk products in addition to vegetables.

· Lacto-vegetarian: Lacto-vegetarians will not eat

meat, poultry, fish/seafood, or eggs. The lacto-

vegetarian diet includes milk and milk products

and, of course, fruits, vegetables, nuts, etc.

· Ovo-lacto-vegetarian: People who live under this

diet will not eat meat, poultry, or fish/seafood.

They will eat eggs, milk, and milk products in

addition to

GRAMMAR

b. Complete the sentences using the verbs in parentheses in Present Perfect Continuous.

We use Present Perfect Continuous Tense to talk about actions that began in the past and continue

Structure: Subject + have/has + been + verb in gerund + complement.

I have been waiting for you for more than two hours.

He has been reading too many mystery books.

For the negative form, just add the word not after have or has, or you can use the contractions

haven’t or hasn’t.

I haven’t been sleeping well lately.

For the interrogative form, just move have or has to the beginning of the sentence and add the

question mark at the end.

Have you been watching TV all day?

1. My cat (sleep)

all day.

5. I

vegan restaurant for months.

(eat) at this

2. It (rain) since I

woke up.

3. I (take) dancing

lessons for three months.