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Language and the brain, Apuntes de Lingüística
Asignatura: Linguistica, Profesor: mary griffith, Carrera: Estudios Ingleses, Universidad: UMA
Tipo: Apuntes
2016/2017
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READ CH 12, YULE
FOR CONTINUAL ASSESSMENT
CASE STUDY OPTIONS
Man who mistook his wife for a hat.
The girl born with half a brain. “Neuroplasticity”
Aphasia y speech therapy
Wild child (overlaps with Language
acquisition)
Language and the Brain
APPLIED LINGUISTICS
[email protected]
LET’S THINK ABOUT THIS…
We use 100% of our brain for daily life…
Quiz “fun facts”
A child’s brain
An adult’s brain
A bilingual brain
Natural
Functional
We discover language use through language impairments The study of the relationship between language and the brain is called neurolinguistics.
See Yule, p. 157 Mr Gage
The brain and the bilingual brain…
Neuroscience has given us the tools to discover the areas in the brain associated with language.
THE HEMISPHERES Amazing stories….link (^) LEFT HEMISPHERE (^) ANTERIOR SPEECH CORTEX (^) BROCA, 1860 (^) Articulating
LEFT HEMISPHERE
POSTERIOR SPEECH
CORTEX
WERNICKE, 1870
(^) Understanding
FOUR KEY AREAS AND CONNECTIONS IN THE BRAIN WERNIKE PERCEPTION MUSCLES MOTOR CORTEX NERVES ARCUATE FASCICULUS BROCA ARTICULATION
LOCALIZATION VIEW
An oversimplified version of language
processing….
What really happens is much more complex
And is challenging to create physical
evidence
LINGUISTIC PROCESSES IN THE BRAIN
“Because we have no direct access, we
generally have to rely on what we can
discover through indirect methods. Most of
these methods involve attempts to work out
how the system is working from clues picked
up when the system has problems or
malfunctions” (Yule, p. 160).
However, more and more studies are using
healthy brains to make generalizations ….
about learning, memory and language
development.
Slips of the tongue, slips of the brain (^) ENCODING (^) Malpropisms (^) We need a few laughs to break up the monogamy. (^) WORD CHOICE (^) Spoonerisms (^) A dog of bag food (^) PHONEMIC ALTERING
The good news
When we make slips of the tongue, our listeners cooperate and make an attempt to understand us even anticipating what we are about to say….
Know this difference
(^) Malpropism (^) Word choice (^) semantic level (^) Spoonerism (^) Sound choice (exchange) (^) Phonemic level