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OUTCOMES Upper-Intermediate Answer Key
01 ENTERTAINMENT
pp. 8- 9 Grammar: A: Speaker 1: Do you go out much? Speaker 2: Do you listen to music much? Speaker 3: Do you do to the theatre much? Speaker 4: Do you go swimming much? Speaker 5: Do you watch TV much? Speaker 6: Do you play sports much? Speaker 7: Do you go to the cinema much? Speaker 8: Do you play video games much?
B:
- tend to
- all the time!
- as I’d like to
- very rarely
- I will watch
- now and again
- not as a rule
- I used to
Vocabulary: A: 1 commercial 2 catchy 3 hilarious 4 dull
5 weird 6 over-the-top 7 gripping
8 disturbing 9 uplifting 10 awful
Developing Conversations: A: 1 f = a bit more modern 2 a = I’m not that keen on 3 c = I’ m not that keen on 4 e = It didn’t really do anything for me 5 d = I’ m not that keen on 6 b = I’m not really interested 7 h = a bit too poppy 8 g = a bit dull, a bit boring
Listening: A : Similar = they both like films, both like action films, although different ones different = second speaker goes to the cinema most weeks, the first speaker waits for the DVD, first speaker didn’t like Old Boy and the second speaker really liked it.
B:
1 Speaker A: not that often, Speaker B: most weeks. 2 Speaker A: all sorts, action films, Speaker B: action films, comedies, foreign films, anything. 3 Speaker A: Old Boy, Speaker B: Gold Diggers. 4 Speaker A: over-the-top, disgusting, didn’t like the plot, Speaker B: good but heavy, quite disturbing.
pp. 10 - 11 Vocabulary: A: Suggested answers Statements 1, 6, 8, 9
C: 1 well 2 as if / like
3 impression, look 4 both
5 must, like 6 seems
Listening: B: 1 1971 2 Mr & Mrs Clark and Percy (the cat) 3 David Hockney’s painting is loosely based on the one by Jan van Eyck although the positions are reversed 4 The lilies represent female purity and the cat symbolises infidelity and jealousy: Mr Clark had frequent affairs before and during their five-year marriage 5 Mr Clark fell into bankruptcy and addiction. His life ended tragically when he was murdered by an ex-lover in 1996. Mrs Clark continued to be one of Hockney’s regular models for years 6 life-like, abstract, ambiguous, intimate
Grammar: A: 1 fairly 2 pointedly 3 ambiguous 4 shortly
5 loosely 6 Unfortunately / frequent/ eventual / apparent 7 Sadly / tragically
pp. 12- 13 Reading Part 1: B: 1 They are all based around just seven basic plots, each featuring the same character types and events over and over again 2 There’s a community threatened by a monster and a hero to save them. The hero prepares to meet the monster and has help with a special weapon to defeat the monster. But, when the hero meets the monster they realise it’s more of a challenge. They fight, have problems and are trapped, however the hero makes an amazing escape. Finally, the hero manages to kill the monster 3 Students’ own answers
Reading Part 2: D: 1 transported 2 spiral
3 revenge 4 separated
5 bullied 6 temptation
02 SIGHTSEEING
pp. 1 4 - 15 Vocabulary : A: meaning buildings areas both positive stunning up-and- coming
trendy
grand affluent residential historic negative high-rise rough hideous deprived run-down
B:
1 renovating (need is followed by the -ing form of the verb: it adds information to the previous clause) 2 steer clear 3 dates back 4 are soaring 5 knocked down 6 have opened up (present perfect because of ‘recently’) 7 based 8 dominates
Listening: A: New Belgrade: high-rise blocks, big up-and-coming area as all the new businesses are relocating here. The River Sava: go out on little boats or have dinner by the waterside. Mankova Kuca: Manak’s house: ethnological museum, amazing collection of old national costumes, embroidery and stuff. Kalemegdan Fortress: one of the most historic buildings in Belgrade. The Victor monument: erected after the First World War, one of the city’s most famous landmarks. Dedinje: affluent part of the city, celebrities and old aristocratic families live here, embassies based here.
Grammar: A: 1 It contains the tomb of Stefan Dusan, who was perhaps the greatest Serbian emperor. 2 We’re coming up to Dedinje, which is one of the most affluent parts of the city. 3 Just behind us, over to the right, is the Arena, where all the big concerts and sports events are held. (Note: where replaces there ) 4 I went to school with a woman called Zora, whose son plays professional football in England now. 5 I started working in that office over there in 2003, by which time the area was already starting to boom. (Note: by which time replaces even then )
6 We produce bathroom tiles, most of which we export to northern Europe.
Developing Conversations: A: Suggested Answers 1 Yeah, it’s really ugly / horrible, isn’t it? 2 Yeah, they’re great / wonderful / fantastic, Aren’t they? 3 Yeah, it’s amazing / impressive / fantastic, isn’t it? 4 Yeah, it looks amazing / beautiful, doesn’t it? 5 Yeah, it’s pretty neglected, isn’t it? 6 Yeah, it seems like quite a rich / affluent area, doesn’t it?
pp. 1 6 - 17 Vocabulary: A: 1 a mask, a costume 2 a costume, a parade, a mask 3 a fireworks display 4 confetti
B:
1 mask 2 float 3 silly string 4 sound system 5 costume
6 bonfire 7 steel drum band 8 firework display 9 parade 10 confetti
Reading: B: 1 i 2 d 3 g 4 a 5 j 6 b 7 f 8 h 9 e 10 c
C: 1 F: Chiaki stayed with Nina from uni, there’s not enough information to say they all studied together. 2 T: prices really shoot up 3 F: my favourite costume is called the plague doctor 4 F: it takes place in the week leading up to Lent 5 T: people eat less 6 T: we ended up buying some ourselves and joined in the fun 7 F: the fireworks can be shocking, if you’re not expecting it 8 F: she was going to but has uploaded more onto her website.
D: 1 put me up 2 completely packed 3 no wonder 4 stick with
5 scary and sinister 6 fattening 7 transformed 8 set off
pp. 22- 23 A: Suggested Answers When did you start collecting (wine bottles)? How and why did you start collecting them? How many do you have? Where do you keep them? What do your friends think about your collection? Do you have things from different countries or places?
Reading: A: 1 All kinds of things: vacuum cleaners, old doors, windows, records, newspapers, children’s toys. 2 There’s a bit of Mr. Trebus in all of us. The writer also collects things that are no longer useful. 3 Mr. Trebus: that they were useful, The writer: instructions and guarantees in case things break down, coins because they might be useful. 4 Student’s own opinion.
B:
1 His house became a health hazard. 2 he was a veteran of the Second World War. 3 he was a tank commander. 4 The trauma of what he lost when he left Poland caused his obsession. 5 He settled in Britain after the war. 6 He sorted the junk into piles of similar things. 7 He acquired every record Elvis Presley had ever made. 8 The neighbours complained about infestations of rats. 9 He resisted eviction.
Vocabulary: A: Suffixes that do not form nouns = adjectives: -al, -less, -ious, -y; verbs: ise
B:
1 obsession 2 eviction
3 caution 4 fear
5 intentions 6 optimism
7 meanness 8 pessimism
C:
Obsessive = both, They keep and collect a lot of old and what most people think are not very useful things. Well-intentioned = the writer has a number of batteries in his drawer he has been meaning to take to the recycling centre. Pessimistic = the writer has a number of instructions and guarantees for things in case they break down. Optimistic = Mr. Trebus has resisted eviction. Cautious = both, they keep things because one day they might be useful. Mean = Mr Trebus is mean because the rats are annoying his neighbours and his wife.
pp. 24- 25 Listening: A: 1 a tie, it’s not him (not his style) 2 not very successful because he doesn’t have a receipt
B:
1 F it was a birthday present 2 F it was bought a couple of weeks ago 3 T it’s not very me 4 F he doesn’t have a receipt 5 F he doesn’t have a clue (doesn’t know) 6 T try not to get upset, sir 7 F it cost £
D:
1 & 3 student’s own opinion 2 Ending 1: resigned, Ending 2: frustrated.
Grammar: A: How did your girlfriend pay for it? Was it by cheque or credit card? B: 1 Do you happen to know how long the guarantee lasts? 2 Do you know where the toilets are? 3 Excuse me. Do you know if you sell wire? 4 Hello. I was wondering if I could speak to the manager? 5 Would you happen to know when the sofa will be delivered? 6 Sorry to bother you, but do you think you could bring me the next size up?
C: a 3 b 1 c 2 d 6 e 5 f 4
Vocabulary: A: 1 screen 2 part 3 flash 4 outfit 5 strap
6 funny 7 allergic 8 ripped 9 scratched 10 cracked
B:
1 picture 4 2 picture 9 3 picture 5 4 picture 6 5 picture 3
6 picture 10 7 picture 8 8 picture 2 9 picture 1 10 picture 7
04 SOCIETY
pp. 26- 27 Vocabulary : A: 1 make a difference = have a good effect on something 2 non-existent = if something is non-existent, it doesn’t exist at all 3 recession = if there is a recession, there is less business activity in a country, so people make less money and some people lose their jobs 4 soft = to describe someone not strict enough 5 gone bankrupt = if a company is bankrupt, it can't pay all its debts and so cannot continue to exist 6 booming = the economy is booming, it is growing quickly and is very successful 7 shortages = not enough of something 8 shot up = increases very quickly 9 boost = to boost something means to improve it or increase it, standing = your reputation, based on what other people think of you 10 undermining = to weaken or make it less effective 11 to make ends meet = you just manage to buy everything that you need to live, even though you have very little money
Listening: A: Suggested answers The first speaker’s country sounds better as they have done some controversial things, but the economy and job prospects are booming, easy for foreigners to get work.
B:
1 on 2 for 3 about, in
4 with 5 against 6 among
7 for 8 with 9 on
Grammar: A: 1 so 2 such 3 don’t have to B: 1 so 2 so 3 such 4 such 5 so 6 such
C:
Suggested answers 1 they have employed a consultant to promote their image. 2 it’s getting more difficult to find affordable food. 3 they are too tired to enjoy themselves. 4 they couldn’t prosecute. 5 people had to wear masks when they went outside. 6 he was forced to resign.
Developing Comversations: A: 1 b 2 d 3 a 4 e 5 f 6 c
B: Suggested answers 1 I know what you mean, I can hardly make it to the end of the month these days. 2 I know, and it’s harder to find work when you are older. 3 Well, maybe, but I like the energy it gives me. 4 Tell me about it, I don’t go out at all after dark. 5 Well, maybe, but the new shopping centre should bring more tourists. 6 I know what you mean, but if you know how to work the system it’s OK.
C: Suggested answers 1 I know, what can we do about it though? 2 Well, maybe, but there are a lot of low cost airlines opening routes soon. 3 I know what you mean, but not everyone is the same. 4 I know, they are even trying to negotiate with them. 5 Well, maybe, but it takes a long time to make a difference. 6 I know what you mean, but there is an election soon.
pp. 28- 29 Listening 1: A: 1 homelessness 2 gender discrimination 3 racism 4 the destruction of the environment 5 family size
B:
speaker 1 c speaker 2 d speaker 3 a speaker 4 e speaker 5 b
D: 1 launch a new initiative (speaker 1) 2 win her case (speaker 2) 3 be denied promotion (speaker 2) 4 conduct investigations, (speaker 3) 5 suffer several broken bones (speaker 3) 6 claim victory (speaker 4) 7 uphold a claim (speaker 4) 8 become a grandmother (speaker 5)
Listening 2: A: 1 gender discrimination at work (speaker 2 from the news extracts) 2 typical double standards 3 having children and a career
B: 1, 5, and 9 were used
C: extract 1 sentences 4, 6, 7 and 8 extract 2 sentences 1, 2, 3, 4, 7 extract 3 = sentences 10, 11 and 12 extract 4 = sentences 2 and 3 extract 5 = sentences 1 and 7
05 SPORTS AND INTERESTS
pp. 36- 37 Listening : A: 1 Conversation 1: belly dancing; Conversation 2: a fencing workshop; Conversation 3: knitting group. 2 Conversation 1: this will be her first class, Conversation 2 she started at school, Conversation 3 for about six months. 3 Conversation 1: she saw an advertisement; Conversation 2: she tried it at her PE (physical education) class at school; Conversation 3: When he was giving up smoking. 4 Conversation 1: maybe, he’d feel a bit self- conscious; Conversation 2: no, just the thought of doing that kind of exercise makes him sweat, Conversation 3: Yes, at first he thinks it’s a bit boring, but then changes his mind when he finds out a lot of women go there.
B:
1 up to 2 figure 3 breath (noun) 4 master 5 flea
6 lie-in 7 Fair enough 8 it up 9 fiddle 10 isn’t it.
Vocabulary: A: 1 stamina 2 speed 3 flexibility 4 strength 5 hand-eye coordination 6 healthy lifestyle
B:
1sweat 2 breath 3 shape 4 demanding 5 junk 6 uncoordinated
Developing Conversations: B: 1 You run how far? 2 You do what? 3 You went where? 4 She’s into what? 5 You didn’t get up till when?
pp. 38- 39 Vocabulary: A: Suggested answers 1 sent off = any sport involving a ball 2 goalkeepe r = hockey, ice hockey, water polo 3 fouled = most sports involving a ball, Note: not tennis
4 post and bar = most sports involving a ball and two teams 5 dived = all sports involving a ball 6 thrashed = all sports 7 close = all sports 8 tackled = most sports involving a ball and two teams 9 greedy = most sports involving a ball and two teams 10 substituted = most sports involving a ball and two teams 11 got promoted = most sports involving a ball and two teams 12 sacked the manager = all sports 13 fixed = all sports, disallowed = all sports
Used about non-sporting things: 7 close = short distance or time away, shave, friends 8 tackled = deal with a difficult problem, 9 greedy = eat or drink more than you need, want more money, things or power than you need 10 substituted = use something new or different instead of what it’s normally used for, 11 promoted = given more responsibility at work 12 sacked the manager = at work 13 fixed = any result in a competition
Reading: C: 1 yes – in the first paragraph: people suffering from mild depression 2 no – in the second paragraph: Competitive sports teaches us… 3 no – in the second paragraph : Sure, we’re not all naturally sporty 4 no – in the third paragraph: Obviously, these are not necessarily bad – especially reading 5 no – in the third paragraph: Playing sports helps to build relationships... 6 yes – in the fourth paragraph: So making sport... 7 no – in the fourth paragraph: I’m reminded of a scene in a film... 8 no – in the last paragraph: No-one looks aback at their life and says... 9 yes – in the last paragraph: No, what we remember...
Grammar: A: 1 should’ve 2 shouldn’t have 3 Would’ve 4 could’ve
B:
1 should’ve saved 2 shouldn’t have been disallowed 3 should’ve stuck to 4 should’ve been sent off 5 shouldn’t be, should’ve passed 6 should’ve thrashed, shouldn’t have bought
D:
Possible answers 1 The person has just been told they are overweight. 2 The person feels sick. 3 The person is tired and can’t concentrate. 4 The person tackled an opponent fairly. 5 The person didn’t hit an opponent, she was pushed by the opponent. 6 The people are not happy with the restaurant they went to because of the bad service.
pp. 40- 41 Listening: B: Handstands, ice-skating, hang-gliding, roller- skating, windsurfing
C:
1 F: he did one in front of them while they were having coffee 2 F: Molly and Kyle were exhausted after an hour 3 F: he went practically every weekend 4 T: not exactly, he tried it once more after that but since then, no 5 T: he’s been doing it for the last few years 6 T: he lives on the coast 7 F: he rubs it into his skin and hair, it gets rid of dandruff 8 T: in small doses (for short periods of time)
Grammar: A: 1 b 2 b 3 b 4 a C: 1 c 2 b 3 h 4 f 5 a 6 g 7 d 8 e
D: 1 activity repeated over time (all morning) 2 & 3 intention that is still going on now 4 feeling that is still going on now 5, 6 & 8 express actions completed before now which have a present result 8 hear is a verb which is hardly ever used in the – ing form.
06 ACCOMODATION
pp.42- 43 Vocabulary : A: 1 bad 2 good 3 good 4 bad 5 bad
6 good 7 bad 8 good 9 either 10 either
B: 1 It’s in the middle of nowhere, could have stunning views, the weather is terrible and the sea is rough. 2 People are camping in tents, the campsite is flooded and everything has got filthy. 3 The place is a bit of a dump. 4 A posh hotel that looks welcoming.
Listening: A: Conversation 1 1 : They camped on the festival site and then in a flat of some people they met at the festival 2 : some local people put them up for a couple of nights 3 : absolutely poured down, whole place was flooded and they got completely soaked – tent, sleeping bags, everything covered in mud.
Conversation 2 1 : They stayed in a hotel 2 : stayed in an amazing place on the south coast – right on top of the cliffs, overlooking the ocean, stunning sunset, hardly anyone there, nice just chilling out, drinking tea and chatting to other people, 3 : the hotel was a bit cut-off, the minibus only went in the morning and in the evening.
Grammar: A: 1 It was a bit of a nightmare. 2 We got really / completely soaked. 3 It was quite nice. 4 correct 5 correct 6 There were hardly any people there.
B:
1 a bit of a (+ noun phrase) 2 hardly (+ verb phrase) 3 absolutely (+ strong adjective) 4 a bit (+ adjective or noun) 5 very (+ adjective)
07 NATURE
pp.4 8 - 49 Vocabulary : C: 1 a storm 2 fog 3 heat 4 cold 5 rain
6 snow 7 mist 8 rain 9 wind 10 wind
D: Suggested answers Sentence 2: it’s lifted = the fog has gone away sentence 5: soaked = get very wet sentence 6: melted = snow or ice turns to water sentence 8: eased off = not as severe, spitting = very light rain, pouring = very heavy rain sentence 9: knock off = cause you to fall off sentence 10: slight breeze = very light wind
Listening: A: 1 Italy (Rome) and Israel (Acre) 2 The first speaker experienced a storm with enormous hailstones then they saw lightning. The second speaker also experienced a storm. However, it started with lightning, then thunder, then it started spitting before it poured down. 3 The first speaker thought it was amazing but was also scared, the second speaker thought it was spectacular, the first speaker pulled over and waited, the second speaker ran to the nearest café.
Grammar: A: Suggested answers Form = past simple = regular verbs add ‘ed’ irregular verbs vary, past continuous = was / were + subject + verb -ing , past perfect = had + past particple regular + ed or irregular. Used = past simple = completed action in the past, past continuous = action in progress in the past, past perfect = a time frame leading to another in the past.
B:
1 were visiting / visited 2 had been 3 were taking 4 saw 5 started 6 hadn’t brought 7 ran 8 could
Developing Conversations: A: 1 we got really / pretty / fairly / a bit / quite wet 2 it hasn’t rained for a long time 3 she’s a bit bigger than me 4 it was pretty / fairly / quite deep 5 she speaks quite a few languages 6 it was miserable the whole time we were there 7 we were pretty / fairly / a bit / quite chilly 8 it was fairly / pretty / quite / really / a bit foggy 9 it’s really / very good
pp.50- 51 Reading : A: Suggested answers Intimidation of laboratory staff + provide invaluable insights = could be a story about how staff have been threatened to cover up the way animals have been treated Wages are soaring + subsidies = the government or other organisation are helping companies cope with the cost of paying salaries A will is being contested + her rightful inheritance = a story about a woman who is due to get a lot of money but someone in the family doesn’t want her to get it Try them for a dare + maggots = a story about how people’s eating habits are changing and persuading people not to each too much meat.
E: 1 article 3 2 article 4 3 article 2 4 article 3 5 article 1 6 article 4 7 article 2 8 article 1
Grammar: A: a Since adding a range of dishes featuring insects to the menu .... b The £18 million centre was intended to allow experiments aimed at ....
B: 1 abandoned (passive) 2 living (active) 3 moving (active) 4 suffering (active) 5 studying (active) 6 sold (passive) 7 donated (passive) 8 thrown (passive)
pp.52- 53 Vocabulary : A: 1 weeds 2 seeds 3 herbs 4 palm tree 5 leaves
6 oak 7 stems 8 roots 9 flower (verb) 10 bushes B: Suggested answers Flowers = rose, tulip, daffodil, crocus, carnation, gardenia, iris, orchid, sunflower, snowdrop Herbs = basil, rosemary, thyme, chives, coriander, parsley, dill, mint, sage, vanilla Trees = oak, palm, willow, elm, fir, maple, pine, poplar, cypress, cedar
Listening: conversation 1 = sentence c conversation 2 = sentence b conversation 3 = sentence f conversation 4 = sentence e conversation 5 = sentence a sentence d is not used.
Pronunciation: D: 1 They’re really difficult to get rid of. = ‘they’ refers to some weeds that were invasive. 2 It shot out of the bushes. = ‘it’ refers to a fox (sentence 10 in exercise A Vocabulary plants and trees) 3 We waited till it all blew over. = ‘it’ refers to the storm (first speaker in the first listening in the unit) 4 It’s beginning to ease off. = ‘it’ refers to the rain (sentence 8 in exercise C Vocabulary Weather and natural disasters) 5 We're brought up doing it. = ‘It’ refers to picking mushrooms (fourth speaker in previous listening) 6 My gran swears by it. = ‘it’ refers to fennel tea (fifth speaker in previous listening) 7 It almost knocked me off my bike. = ‘it’ refers to the wind (sentence 9 in exercise C Vocabulary Weather and natural disasters) 8 Were you affected by it? ‘it’ refers to natural disasters in Vocabulary Weather and natural disasters 9 The company has pulled out of it. = ‘it’ refers to a project (reading in File 9) 10 Experiments are being carried out on them. = ‘them’ refers to animals (reading in File 9)
08 LAW AND ORDER
pp.54- 55 Vocabulary : A: speeding, riot, burglary, kidnapping
C:
1 gone, got hold of 2 caught, doing 3 found, stabbed 4 came back, vanished 5 smashed, set 6 broken into, stolen 7 came up to, grabbed 8 seized, held 9 went off, killed
D:
1 identity theft 2 speeding 3 a murder 4 a disappearance 5 a riot 6 a burglary 7 a street robbery 8 a kidnapping 9 a bombing
Listening: A: Conversation 1 crime: a street robbery, victim: the girl in the conversation, criminal: some lads Conversation 2 crime: a murder, victim: a schoolgirl, criminal: they don’t know Conversation 3 crime: a kidnapping, victim: an ex-girlfriend, criminal: some guy
B:
Conversation 1 = the woman was sitting in a café when these lads came up to her with a map asking for directions, she said she didn’t understand and they left. Then she realised they must have grabbed her bag. Fortunately it didn’t have much in it, her purse was in her pocket. She didn’t let the experience spoil her holiday. Conversation 2 = the second man is reading a newspaper article about a schoolgirl who was stabbed outside her school. Apparently she might’ve been involved in a gang, no-one appears to have seen anything. Conversation 3 = a man was arrested for holding his ex-girlfriend captive. He seized her in a pub, drove her home and forced her to do his ironing.
Suggested answers Conversation 1 : It could be seen that the victim brought it upon herself, she was in a new city and should have paid more attention to her bag Conversation 2 : the victim didn’t bring it upon herself, she was just doing what she does every day and was attacked for no apparent reason Conversation 3 : the victim didn’t bring it upon herself, she was just the victim of a bad person.
02 REVIEW
pp.60- 63 Quiz : 1 A footballer might get sent off because he hit an opponent, he insulted the referee, etc. 2 If you take the mickey out of someone, you make fun of them in a friendly way. 3 You might put off doing something because you don’t really want to do it, like doing your homework, going to the dentist, etc. 4 Friendly staff, a comfortable atmosphere, etc. make a place welcoming. 5 You suffer from jetlag when you travel by plane from one time zone to another, you can get over it by adjusting your sleep pattern to the new time zone a couple of days before you leave, or by staying awake in the new time zone until it’s time to go to sleep there. 6 Herbal tea, warm milk, etc. can help settle your stomach. The problem might be that you feel nervous or anxious about something. 7 Someone might storm out of a room or meeting because they are angry or upset. 8 Bribery is when you offer money or something valuable in order to get someone to do something for you; blackmail is when you threaten to do something unpleasant or reveal a secret unless they give you money. 9 If a child vanishes , they disappear; money, a car, a stain, etc. can all vanish. 10 People often have to put up with transport being late, a colleague at work, noisy neighbours. 11 Fog is a thick cloud that makes it difficult to see all around; mist usually happens in the morning and is close to the ground. 12 Finding it more difficult to walk, greying hair, eyesight gets worse, etc. are things you associate with ageing. 13 People often moan about the weather, the price of things, public transport, etc. 14 You can chill out by reading a book, sitting on the beach and listening to the waves, chatting with friends, listening to music, etc. 15 You might stay in a self-catering apartment because you want some privacy, it’s easier to do what you want to do or it’s cheaper than a hotel.
Listening: Exercise A: 1 e 2 d 3 c 4 b 5 f Exercise B: 1 c 2 e 3 f 4 d 5 b
Grammar: Exercise A: 1 a 2 a 3 c 4 c 5 c 6 b 7 a 8 c
Exercise B: 1 I had my passport stolen while I was on holiday. 2 She mustn’t have heard you – she wouldn’t ignore you. 3 They might be waiting outside. 4 Advertising aimed at children should be banned.
Exercise C: 1 was sitting 2 opened 3 looked 4 was 5 had caught
6 saw 7 were doing 8 ran off 9 chased 10 had to
Prepositions: 1 for 2 in 3 with 4 on
5 to 6 to 7 off 8 to
Language Patterns: 1 Considering how little exercise 2 correct 3 He went on and on 4 correct 5 you were talking to? 6 I’m interested in at all. 7 nowadays, to do voluntary work. 8 overwhelming, to visit / visiting India
Forming Words: 1 volunteers 2 flexibility 3 exclusion 4 incoordinated
5 resistance 6 harassment 7 exaggeration 8 dramatically
Phrasal Verbs: 1 settled 2 put 3 passed
4 hang 5 put 6 puts
Collocations: 1 tent 2 ankle 3 insight 4 match
5 phase 6 weed 7 bomb 8 seed
Vocabulary: 1 fires 2 flooding 3 thunder 4 ease off 5 seized
6 captive 7 release 8 suspicion 9 disappearance 10 detention
09 CAREERS AND STUDYING
pp.64- 65 Vocabulary : A: Suggested answers 1 got promoted = good thing because it makes you feel rewarded, cause = your boss recognised your hard work, result = you have a higher salary and status, 2 handed in my notice = good thing because you took control of a situation, cause = you didn’t like the work and felt under-valued, result = you feel ready for a new beginning 3 got a raise = good thing because it means more money, cause = you did something valuable for the company or you got another qualification, result = you have more money to spend 4 getting-on-the-job training = good thing because it will help you to do your job better, cause = the company has introduced a new system, result = you’ll become efficient at what you do 5 got made redundant = bad thing because you don’t have a job now, cause = the company reorganised and moved the department to another city or country, result = you have to look for another job / you are unemployed 6 getting the hang of things = good thing because it means you are learning, cause = something was difficult or complicated, result = you are getting better at doing it 7 struggling to cope = bad thing because there’s a lot to do, result = you feel under pressure 8 a complete control freak = bad because you have no freedom, result = you can’t take responsibility 9 finding it rewarding = good thing because you feel you are valued, result = you enjoy your work 10 stimulating, stretching myself = good thing because it’s using all your abilities, result = feel good about yourself 11 really emotionally draining = bad thing because It’s not allowing you to be yourself, result = you feel frustrated 12 pretty menial = bad because it’s boring, result = you don’t feel you are using your abilities.
Listening: A: 1 He isn’t very satisfied because it’s so menial. 2 He spends most of his time running round making cups of tea and photocopying things. 3 He can’t see himself staying there long-term. 4 He’s bound to get a lot of offers if he decides to move.
B:
training = Melissa has been getting loads of on-the- job training college = they’ve been letting her go to college one day a week to improve her skills clients = she’s been meeting them quite a bit presentation = she gave her first big presentation last week business trip = her first one is coming up next week promotion = she’s applying for promotion at the moment and she feels confident about it employee = Richard says she’s their star employee firm = she’ll be running the entire firm in five years’ time
Grammar: A: 1 fails, come 2 talk, feel 3 is, start 4 work out, give 5 happens, get 6 do, goes 7 sack, change 8 end up, carry on
Developing Conversations: A: 1 I doubt it 2 I might 3 Probably not 4 Hopefully 5 I’m bound to
pp.66- 67 Listening: C: 1 newspapers want deliveries to take place in the morning, more adults – particularly retired people – are grabbing the opportunity to earn extra money, the economic boom of the early noughties where families can afford to buy things for the kids, so the kids settle for the comfort of the sofa and Playstation rather than take to the streets to earn money. 2 He thinks too many young people these days enter a competitive job market lacking basic business skills you can get from being a carrier – responsibility, how to manage time and communicate with people.
Grammar: A: 1 will have been 2 will, have forgotten 3 will have tried 4 will have learnt 5 will have left 6 will have graduated 7 won’t have finished
Developing Conversations: A: 1 d 2 f 3 b 4 e 5 a 6 c
pp.72- 73 Reading : B: 1 Problem = The woman didn’t know Tim was married, result= she slapped him. 2 problem = the writer was moaning (complaining) about his tutor to a friend, result = the friend introduced him to Tracy Gray who must a be a relative of his tutor Dr Gray and was standing close to them. 3 problem= Gerald Ratner joked about the cheap quality of his products at a meeting, result = his customers didn’t see the funny side of it, the share prices crashed and he had to resign. 4 problem = Richard Gere kissed the Indian actress on the cheek, result = he was threatened with arrest because public displays of affection are frowned upon (not accepted). 5 problem = Paul Keating put his arm around the back of the Queen when introducing her, result = it caused outrage in some British newspapers.
C: 1 put your foot in it = say or do the wrong thing and this upsets someone. 2 He was a victim of globalised 24-hour news coverage, he was at a semi-private meeting and a journalist happened to be there. 3 These days people in the public eye have to be very careful with what they say or do – they both made comments that were reported and lost them money or their jobs 4 he quite often puts his foot in it – if he were famous, it could undermine relationships between countries and even destroy business deals and careers.
Vocabulary: A: 1 due, pregnant 2 crying, realised 3 send, copying 4 turned up, dressed
5 meant, see 6 foot, surprise 7 politician, clue 8 stupid, live
pp.74- 75 Listening : A: 1 situation 4 2 situation 1 3 situation 2 4 situation 5 5 situation 6
B:
1 conversation 3 (the speaker was boring) 2 conversation 1 (the aubergine dip = thick cold sauce for putting on pieces of food before eating them) 3 conversation 3 (there was no air-conditioning) 4 conversation 5 ( his team, West Ham, are not doing well at the moment) 5 conversation 1 (aubergines, you can cook them in many different ways) 6 conversation 2 (the girl at the party) 7 conversation 4 (her height) 8 conversation 2 (the flatmate who brought her to the party) 9 conversation 4 (the girl compliments someone in the queue) 10 conversation 5 (Everton beat Chelsea five-nil)
Grammar: A: If the statement is positive, the question tag is negative, e.g. sentences 1 and 2. If the statement is negative, the question tag is positive e.g. sentences 3 and 4. The questions tag uses the auxiliary verb: sentence 1 = don’t they? or the main verb = sentence 2 = wasn’t it? sentence 3 = was he? and sentence 4 = could you?
B:
1 Miserable weather, isn’t it? It’s been like this for weeks, hasn’t it? 2 You don’t remember me, do you? It’s Yuka, isn’t it? 3 You haven’t got a light, have you? You couldn’t lend me a euro, could you? 4 You missed class on Monday, didn’t you? The school was closed for the holiday, wasn’t it? Well, to be honest the whole course is dissapointing, isn’t it? 5 It’s from Zara, isn’t it? You wouldn’t happen to know the address, would you? You know where the McDonalds is, don’t you?
Vocabulary: A: set up a marquee = to erect a big tent for a party, a fortune = a lot of money, chat me up = to start a conversation because you want a romantic relationship, get lost = strong way of telling someone to go away, the host = the person who invites you to their party, dragged me along = to take someone with you unwillingly, fancied = was attracted to someone, break it up = stop it, out of hand = out of control, left out = not included, threw a party = gave a party, burst into tears = suddenly start crying, turned up = arrive unexpectedly, went to waste = wasn’t used and had to be thrown away.
11 TRANSPORT AND TRAVEL
pp.76- 77 Speaking : A: Suggested answers A sports car hatchback = car that has an extra door at the back that opens from the bottom large estate car = long car with an extra door at the back and a lot of space between the back seats 4 X 4 or SUV = sport utility vehicle van = used for transporting merchandise camper van = has space to sleep
Listening 1: C: 1 You can upgrade to the next range for just €2 a day 2 No, because they don’t have much luggage and they want something smaller, more fuel efficient 3 GPS 4 Yes, it’s quite cheap 5 They don’t need to return it with a full tank and it’s diesel, they should check the car as well as there are some scratches = the paint has a mark on it , dent = a part of the car has been banged inwards.
Vocabulary: A: 1 tyre 2 engine 3 wing 4 tyres
5 battery 6 windscreen 7 tank
8 scratch 9 dent 10 brakes
Listening 2: A: 1 he was driving and something flew up and cracked the windscreen 2 he’s not very happy, it will take at least four hours before someone can come to fix it
Developing Conversations: A: 1 €100! You must be joking 2 $875! Are you sure that’s the cheapest? 3 Five in the morning! We won’t get any sleep then, 4 1,500! Would you accept 1,200? 5 An hour or two! I think I should take a taxi, 6 An hour late! That’s ridiculous.
pp.78- 79 Reading : A: Moscow–Beijing: good things = beautiful scenery, explore the country, problems = train could breakdown, temperature change. Drive across the USA: good = stop whenever you want, explore the country and changing scenery, problems = have a flat tyre in the middle of nowhere, bad weather conditions. Santiago walk: good = meet interesting people, in touch with nature, problems = get sore feet, get tired very easily.
B:
Artur 1 He heard the song Route 66 when he was younger and it represented a dream vision of America, something he’d always wanted to do. 2 good = they ended up better friends, bad = the road was in bad repair, they got lost a few times, they had the occasional row. John 1 he decided to spend his redundancy money travelling overland to watch Team GB (Great Britain) compete in the Olympics. 2 good = he met some remarkable people, he saw some breathtaking scenery, bad = it got uncomfortable and he lost his sense of time, the other passengers encouraged him to drink with them. Roisin 1 Her mother had just died and she was experiencing a crisis of faith. 2 good = met many wonderful pilgrims, brought her closer to God, bad = ended up with holes in her boots and got terrible blisters.
C:
1 redundancy 2 put 3 scenery
4 untouched 5 heart 6 claustrophobic
7 word 8 fallen 9 faith
Grammar: A: 1 much research 2 information 3 equipment
C:
1 some 2 any
3 little 4 any
5 any 6 much
7 plenty 8 deal
Listening: A: Conversation 1 = 1 They won’t be coming later, 2 Kaatje fainted, she suddenly had a dizzy spell and passed out Conversation 2 = 1 They won’t be going to the concert tonight, 2 Caitlin said Lachlan was feeling funny, he was a bit short of breath and then she noticed a rash, there were spots breaking out all round his mouth, his lips just started swelling up and he was really struggling to breathe.
B: 1 F 2 T 3 F 4 T 5 T 6 F 7 F 8 F
Developing Conversations: A: 1 Give them my best regards. 2 Give her a big hug from me. 3 Give them my apologies for not coming. 4 Tell them I’m thinking of them and say hi. 5 Tell her not to worry and send her my love. 6 Tell him to take it easy and get better soon. 7 Tell him there’s no need to apologise and to look after himself. 8 Give them my congratulations and tell them I can’t wait to see the baby.
Grammar: A: 1 should be 2 I‘m supposed to 3 shouldn’t hurt 4 He’s supposed to be having 5 shouldn’t take 6 I’m supposed to be going, should be
pp.84- 85 Vocabulary: B: AIDS = 1 affects the immune system, 2 transmission of body fluids Diabetes = 1 the blood system, 2 a lack of insulin in the blood A stroke = 1 developing loss of the brain system, 2 a lack of blood supply Athlete’s foot = 1 fungal infection of the skin usually the foot, 2 can be picked up by walking barefoot in public showers Alzheimer’s = 1 the brain, 2 can be age related or caused by stress Parkinson’s = 1 the nervous system, 2 insufficient formation and action of dopamine (a chemical in the brain) Tuberculosis = 1 lungs or central nervous system, 2 contagious and spread through the air when people who have it cough, sneeze or spit
Arthritis = 1 damage to the joints, 2 trauma or infection of the joint or age Hepatitis = 1 liver, 2 caused by a virus and can be caught in many different ways 3 / 4 = many possible: suggestions – 4 swine flu, cancer, B12 deficiency, Crohn’s disease, IBS.
Reading: F: 1 undergoing 2 came back 3 terminal
4 outrage 5 get rid of 6 tripped
7 granted 8 snoring
9 get hold of 10 donated
pp.86- 87 Grammar: A: 1 no 2 many
3 all 4 more
5 much 6 any, a little
C: 1 both 2 a few 3 many, other 4 most 5 all, any
6 no 7 less and less, the whole 8 every 9 many 10 other
Listening: B: 1 medical staff moving from country to country 2 the reading of X-rays 3 6 million 4 100, 5 Malaysia, 6 India 7 over $4 billion
D: Good = excellent dental work in Poland, Malaysia boasts some of the best doctors in the world and has a wide array = range of ultra-modern hospitals, Malaysia also offers all-inclusive packages for visitors, a portion of the profit go towards providing a basic level of healthcare for the poor, it can save money. Bad = you are taking a risk, gambling with your health and your money, fraudulent claims and dishonest money-making schemes are commonplace and are on the increase, the regulatory environment in many places is not as rigorous as it should be, many treatments are still experimental, no after-care as patients return home.
E: a Damian and Charlotte b Cindy c Damian
d Damian and Cindy e Charlotte f Cindy and Charlotte
03 REVIEW
pp.88- 91 Quiz : 1 When a company restructures , it changes the management and the way the organisation is run. 2 Cleaning the streets and filling shelves in a supermarket are two types of menial jobs, usually they are not stimulating. 3 General and captain are two different ranks in the army. 4 Someone might suck up to the boss because they want to be favoured or get a promotion. 5 If something is an outrage , you feel angry and upset. 6 A living room, a bedroom can be cosy , it’s nice because it’s comfortable and welcoming. 7 A politician might resign because they accepted a bribe, the opposition is increasing their power, they are getting old, etc. 8 If a room is very stuffy , you can open the windows or door to let some air in. 9 Chat is a friendly conversation; chat up is when you are attracted to someone and you talk to them. 10 If a party gets out of hand , people might be very drunk and noisy, there might be a problem and people start arguing. 11 Oil, petrol, diesel can all be used as fuel. 12 You need to indicate when you want to turn right or left. 13 You embark from a port, station or airport. 14 You usually get blisters on your feet because your shoes are new or too tight. 15 You can rest in bed, go on a relaxing holiday, go to a spa, etc. to recuperate.
Pronunciation: C: automatic car / response, claustrophobic room, contagious disease, desolate place / landscape, fraudulent person, globalised economy / market, infuriating person, irritable person, menial job, pioneering technology / event, remarkable person / place, rigorous training, spiritual place / person, stimulating idea, terminal illness, undervalued person/ asset / job, unpatriotic person / behavior, versatile food / actor
Listening: A: 1 c 2 d 3 f 4 e 5 b B: 1 d 2 b 3 f 4 c 5 a
Grammar: A: 1 supposed 2 much 3 hadn’t 4 been 5 What 6 is
7 no 8 hasn’t 9 could 10 have 11 some 12 should
B:
1 shouldn’t be home 2 I’m supposed to be going out 3 annoys me is / annoys me about her is 4 would’nt have crashed if he hadn’t have been driving 5 been offered a job, I wouldn’t be
Language Patterns: 1 see myself staying 2 not to spill 3 when crossing the road 4 see yourself doing 5 correct 6 bad, but this was even worse! 7 correct 8 Anyone planning on
Prepositions: 1 against 2 on 3 of 4 in 5 by 6 against 7 in 8 to 9 on
Collocations: 1 effect 2 organ 3 fortune 4 surgery 5 spell 6 brakes 7 remark 8 faith 9 breath 10 chest
Forming Words: 1 retirement 2 qualifications 3 insurance 4 misunderstood 5 implementation 6 untouched 7 engagement 8 disrepair 9 redundancy 10 summarise
Phrasal Verbs: 1 freshen up 2 work out 3 live up to 4 turned up 5 take out 6 passed out 7 frowned on 8 break out
Vocabulary: 1 rewarding 2 draining 3 promoted 4 stretching 5 raise 6 scratches 7 overheats 8 windscreen
